Basics of GSM & MNP

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An Overview Abhi Maheshwar VII Sem ECE JIET Jodhpur

Transcript of Basics of GSM & MNP

Page 1: Basics of GSM & MNP

An Overview

Abhi MaheshwariVII SemECEJIET Jodhpur

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Founded in 2009 A Joint Venture between Unitech

Group [India] and Telenor [ Norway ]

Telenor , the sixth largest mobile operator in the world, holds a 67.25 % majority stake in Uninor .

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Scope of Training

Basics of Communication

GSM Technology and Architecture

Mobile Number Portability , implementation and testing

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GSM stands for

Global System for Mobile Communications

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GSM : Some facts GSM evolved because of the need for a

standard mobile telephone system that could be deployed across Europe

It uses the Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying

[ GMSK ] technique for modulation

In India , cellular services started around 1995

GSM networks operate in the 900 MHz or 1800 MHz bands

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Why GSM ? Dominant global market share

Large number of infrastructure and handset vendor’s giving advantage in terms of price and other commercial terms

Wide choice of handsets

Seamless interoperability between networks and handsets

Global footprint for international roaming including SMS, data and other value added services

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GSM ARCHITECTURE

PSTNGMSC

MSC

HLR

AUC

VLR

EIR

BSC

BTS

Network Switching System

BSS

ME

Mobile StationBTS

BTS

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GSM ARCHITECTURESIMPLIFIED VIEW

MSCPSTN

BSCBSC

BTS BTS

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Mobile Station (MS)

MobileStation

Mobile Equipment

Subscriber Identity Module [ SIM ]

Mobile station provides user access to GSM network for Voice & Data

Subscriber data is read from a SIM card that plugs into MS Each MS has a unique number called as IMEI number, Mobile Transmit and Receive voice at 13 KB/s over air interface

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Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

•Speech processing (channel coding, interleaving, and burst formatting)

•Generation of alarms and statistics

• Baseband/Radio frequency transformation

•Air interface signalling

•Ciphering

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BSC - Base Station Controller

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BSC - Base Station Controller Connection establishment between

the MS and the NSS

Mobility management

Statistical raw data collection

Several BTSs are connected to the BSC

BSC Manages channel allocation, handovers and release of channels at connected BTSs

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MSC – Mobile Switching Centre

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MSC – Mobile Switching Centre Exchange where calls are established, maintained and released

Database for all subscribers and their associated features.

Communicates with the BSCs MSC is weighted on the

number of subscribers it can support.

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HLR - Home Location Register

HLR

MSC has all subscriber database stored in HLR

HLR has all permanent subscriber database

MSC communicates with HLR to get data for subscribers on call

HLR will have the series of all subscriber numbers, which may not be activated or issued .

MSC

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VLR – Visiting Location Register A subscription when activated is

registered in VLR VLR has all the subscriber numbers

which are active. VLR has a temporary database of

all active subscribers (on/off, location information)

HLR

MSC VLRVLR

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VLR – Visiting Location Register

MSC MSCVLRVLR

HLR

VLR

MSC communicates with HLR for subscribers coming from different MSCs. If the subscriber is found valid, then it registers the subscriber in the VLR

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AUC – Authentication Centre Authentication is a process by

which a SIM is verified Secret data and the verification

process algorithm are stored in AUC

AUC is the element which carries out the verification of the SIM

AUC is associated with the HLR

MS MSC HLR AUC

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EIR (Equipment Identity Register) EIR is the Mobile Equipment Database which has a series of IMEIs

MSC asks the Mobile to send its IMEI

MSC then checks the validity of IMEI with the EIR

All IMEIs are stored in EIR with relevant classifications

EIRMSC

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What is Mobile Number Portability

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Mobile Number Portability [ MNP ] Number portability enables a

subscriber to switch between services, locations, or operators while retaining the original mobile number, without compromising on quality, reliability, services and operational convenience.

A subscriber can choose to keep his number functional even if he switches services of a Mobile Service Provider

Thus his/her old number would still be functional on the new network

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Advantages of MNP Subscriber’s benefit Convenience of customer to personalize

the same number across the Operators, Locations and Services. (No age for your number.)

Better QOS, more features and services, better tariff plans for customers.

No cost incurred to notify the new contact details to the others ( friends, family, business…..)

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Operator ’s benefit Healthy competition and an opportunity to explore more services/features.

Operator with best QOS will gain the subscribers.

Introduction of innovative service.

Advantages of MNP

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MNP - Some facts

Out of several types of number portability DoT has recommended Mobile Number Portability (MNP) for all mobile service operators

Two central clearing houses for MNP database covering North-West zone (Syniverse) and South-East zone (Telecordia)

These CCH will download the MNP database in operators NPDB on daily basis

MNP will be restricted only for intra circle operators

MNP will be allowed between CDMA and GSM operators

ACQ (All Call Query) direct routing method to implement MNP

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MNP Terminologies related to network

Originating

Network

Originating

Network

Donor Network

Donor Network

Recipient Network

Recipient Network

NPDB

Originating Network : Network of the calling party

Donor Network : Previous subscription of Called party

Recipient Network : Present subscription of Called party

NPDB : Number Portability Data Base (maintains portability and provides routing instructions)

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Commonly used terms Non Ported Number – Mobile Numbers belonging

to UNINOR. These numbers will be defined in the NPDB with HLR (PC & SSN) information. Will be defined in the Range DN Table of the NPDB.

Ported In Number – Number ported into UNINOR from another network. These numbers will be defined in the NPDB with HLR (PC & SSN) information. Will be defined in the Single DN Table of the NPDB.

Ported Out Number – Number Ported out to another network from UNINOR. These numbers will be defined in the NPDB with RN information. Will be defined in the Single DN Table of the NPDB.

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(ACQ) All call query- Direct routing method

Whenever the call is originated, the Originating n/w will query its NPDB

NPDB will acknowledge the query by adding a prefix (LRN) to the B MSISDN if the B MSISDN is ported out.

Based on the prefix (LRN) the Originating n/w will route the call to the recipient n/w without involving the Donor network.

Originating

Network

Donor

Network

Recipient

Network

ORIG NW

NPDBL

RN

+ B

-MS

ISD

N

B-M

SIS

DN

ACQ is called as direct routing as

donor network will not be included

during entire call flow.

LRN + B-MSISDN

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