Basics of English Grammar

Basics of English GrammarBasics of English Grammar

Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives

ContentsContents

• Introduction

• What is a noun?• What is an adjective?• What is a syllable?

•Syllable – examples

• Adjectives

• Comparative form•How to build comparative forms?

• Superlative form•How to build superlative forms?

Where you are:Where you are:

ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable

ComparativesComparatives

SuperlativesSuperlatives

Back Back

What is a What is a nounnoun??

Noun is a word which refers to a thing, person, activity, place etc.

carcar

streestreettteacheteache

rr

readinreadingg Back Back


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



What is an adjective?What is an adjective?

Adjective is a word which describes a noun

fast

big

expensive

carcar

adjectives noun

Back Back


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



What is a What is a syllablesyllable??

Syllable is a part of a word containing vowel sound

readinreadingg

reareadd

inging11stst syllable syllable 2nd syllable2nd syllable

Back Back


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



Syllables – examplesSyllables – examples

1. One-syllable adjectives

2. Two-syllable adjectives

3. Three-syllable adjectives

fast bigcheaplong

hap

im

py crazy dirty

portant wonderfulBack Back


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



What is a What is a ccomparative omparative formform??

Comparative form expresses the idea of ‘more’

fastfast-er-er

A planeA plane is is fast.fast.

But a rocketBut a rocket is is faster.faster.

Back Back


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



goodgood

modermodernn

How is How is a a comparative formcomparative form built?built?

longlongererone syllable adjectives

two syllable adjectives

ending in -y

funnfunnyy

other two and three syllable adjectives

irregular adjectivesfor example ‘good’

Back Back

modermodernn

mormoreebetterbetter

ierier


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



One syllable adjectives

Tina is shortSusan is

shorter

A zebra is bigAn elephant is

bigger

Joe is tall

Margaret is taller

Tina

150cm

Susan 145c

m

Joe 180cm

Margaret 185cm

Susan is shorter than Tina

An elephant is bigger than a zebra

Margaret is taller than Joe

Examples


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



Two syllable adjectives ending in -y

Slides are funny

Water slides are funnier

Water slides are funnier than slides


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



Other two and three syllable adjectives

Dylan George

Dylan is an engineer. He’s very cleverGeorge is a scientist. He’s more cleverGeorge is more clever than

Dylan

Wasps are dangerous

Sharks are more dangerous

Sharks are more dangerous than wasps

Monkeys are intelligent

Dolphins are more intelligent

Dolphins are more intelligent than monkeys


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



What is a What is a superlativesuperlative form form??

Superlative form expresses the idea of ‘most’

fastfast-est-est

My car is fast. My car is fast. Your car is fast.Your car is fast.

But his car is But his car is the the fastestfastest..

Back Back


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



How is How is a a superlsuperlativeative form form built?built?

longlongestestone syllable adjectives

two syllable adjectives

ending in -yfunnfunn

yyother two and three syllable adjectives

irregular adjectivesfor example ‘good’

Back Back

iestiest

modermodernn

modermodernn

mosmosttgoodgoodbestbest


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



ExamplesOne syllable adjectives

The

postman

185cm

The waiter

185cm The

fireman

198cm

The fireman is the tallest

The waiter is tall

The postman is tall


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



Two syllable adjectives ending in -y

The tyre swing is funny

The roller coaster is the funniest

The swings are funny


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



A motorbike:

6,500€A van:

25,000€A sports car:

70,000€

A motorbike is expensive

A sports car is the most expensive

Other two and three syllable adjectives

Mark is clever

Annie is the most clever

Peter is clever, too

Mark Peter Annie

A van is expensive, too


ContentsContents

NounNoun

AdjectiveAdjective

SyllableSyllable



Which country is bigger: Spain…

or Italy?

You’re right: Spain is bigger than Italy

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.spain-map.com/maps/spain1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.spain-map.com/mapa_de_espa%25F1a1.htm&usg=__isWSIQEblaFSYb9Vj8Z13knl7DE=&h=443&w=550&sz=101&hl=es&start=1&sig2=sMnP1n7qK79zBQ-268sDTg&tbnid=-6Yz33sG3r5swM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=133&ei=CLcuSdCOK8X4-Qa89t2EAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dspain%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.iicbelgrado.esteri.it/NR/rdonlyres/A4DDFA4D-A2BF-442A-ABBD-ADC424ECAD82/9517/italia2.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.iicbelgrado.esteri.it/IIC_Lima/Menu/Imparare_Italiano/&usg=__aubk7eL-eOLD7Atbt0NXTydNni0=&h=418&w=372&sz=5&hl=es&start=1&um=1&tbnid=3ctXoeWgSEAmiM:&tbnh=125&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ditalia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DN

Who is more attractive?

Ronaldihno….

…or Beckam ?

Well, María is crazy about Ronaldinho. Isn’t that amazing?

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.marcos-style.com/uploads/pics/beckham_08.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.marcos-style.com/index.php%3Fid%3D101&usg=__hFbh-8xowJehDoILv_PZnEdMy94=&h=448&w=297&sz=11&hl=es&start=10&sig2=3R90RpqEWDeZ0Y6LwD55Bw&tbnid=Fsnp--wMDCkeFM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=84&ei=MSQvSbJ6l8DDAfKUocEC&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddavid%2Bbeckam%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DG

Which car is faster? And cheaper? And more expensive?

150000 € 260 kph 3500€ 95 kph

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.andaluciaimagen.com/Seat-600_13050.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.andaluciaimagen.com/foto-Seat-600_13050I0IA0.htm&usg=__BMf5ZxNP6XNaH46jwkGZwUYpSoQ=&h=490&w=626&sz=138&hl=es&start=20&sig2=OYX-20z_OiNelPnaJNQwZQ&tbnid=cZ-T41KYC9m6PM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=136&ei=sLQuSbvPF5CaxAHTwMicAg&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dseat%2B600%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://bp1.blogger.com/_CTuRzXQYa9k/SErTtkt3ztI/AAAAAAAABjI/4yPYDV2rCvw/s800/1Masseratti.jpg&imgrefurl=http://fotossueltas-lablogusfera.blogspot.com/2008/06/real-cars-in-montreal-presentado-por.html&usg=__UB0DiNg1LUrZwTIb-laGiFu-Bt0=&h=642&w=800&sz=108&hl=es&start=30&sig2=UHbFRIJp1nkPtNoNPnlE0g&tbnid=QmqhpsyxSg1kcM:&tbnh=115&tbnw=143&ei=1rQuSdaHNpLCwwGoocitAg&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmasseratti%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DN

Who is funnier?

Chiquito de la Calzadarr….

…or Buenafuente?

For me, Andreu is funnier…

and more intelligent

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lacoctelera.com/myfiles/aragornjunior/chiquito_de_la_calzada_a_negociar_320.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lacoctelera.com/aragornjunior/post/2008/03/19/mis-heroes-y-heroinas-de-humor&usg=__ZKxjqHB1RLp-WX1xc9r-AaX2CJQ=&h=320&w=240&sz=31&hl=es&start=2&sig2=4vmrUAAerE1qUcpY1bDPfw&tbnid=twZLrOu-J-Ux8M:&tbnh=118&tbnw=89&ei=urIuSZu6FYe2wwGZmKGnBA&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dchiquito%2Bde%2Bla%2Bcalzada%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lacoctelera.com/myfiles/aragornjunior/buenafuente12.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lacoctelera.com/aragornjunior/post/2008/03/19/mis-heroes-y-heroinas-de-humor&usg=__BMnr54taedkuwPIQHfcy6wl3wms=&h=329&w=326&sz=23&hl=es&start=56&sig2=JTe5ZKJJNj6FOjvqZhTSIw&tbnid=R_B817bEzUBBoM:&tbnh=119&tbnw=118&ei=87IuSf1DnK7BAaeT3MkC&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbuenafuente%26start%3D40%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DN

Which river is longer: The Thames or the Nile?

The river Thames is 346 km long and…

The river Nile is 6695 km long!!! It is the longest river in the world.

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://msmlondon.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/river-thames.jpg&imgrefurl=http://msmlondon.wordpress.com/2008/02/07/go-with-the-flow-commuting-by-river-could-be-the-cleaner-greener-way-to-get-to-work/&usg=__QJt86p-spKSLvP8lE-YKlWYnrs0=&h=768&w=1024&sz=132&hl=es&start=2&sig2=gCXQZn1s64_areeCIevFWA&tbnid=BXJaZXmQsCGXpM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=150&ei=pq0uSZabOIrB-QbAqMiHAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Driver%2Bthames%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://members.aol.com/egyptmouse/nile5.JPG&imgrefurl=http://members.aol.com/egyptmouse/nilendx.html&usg=__iDFYigQPwJPlbTF7wwX7zE6pMz8=&h=480&w=640&sz=29&hl=es&start=108&sig2=WEqmTFuBgHx03W64IiswVA&tbnid=y2GvbvanmSgKgM:&tbnh=103&tbnw=137&ei=3jMvSfSYEMvH-QaKk-WSAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dnile%2Briver%26start%3D90%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DN

Which country is the biggest: Spain…

Italy…. or Russia?

Of course, Russia is the biggest country.

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.spain-map.com/maps/spain1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.spain-map.com/mapa_de_espa%25F1a1.htm&usg=__isWSIQEblaFSYb9Vj8Z13knl7DE=&h=443&w=550&sz=101&hl=es&start=1&sig2=sMnP1n7qK79zBQ-268sDTg&tbnid=-6Yz33sG3r5swM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=133&ei=CLcuSdCOK8X4-Qa89t2EAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dspain%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.iicbelgrado.esteri.it/NR/rdonlyres/A4DDFA4D-A2BF-442A-ABBD-ADC424ECAD82/9517/italia2.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.iicbelgrado.esteri.it/IIC_Lima/Menu/Imparare_Italiano/&usg=__aubk7eL-eOLD7Atbt0NXTydNni0=&h=418&w=372&sz=5&hl=es&start=1&um=1&tbnid=3ctXoeWgSEAmiM:&tbnh=125&tbnw=111&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ditalia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DN

http://thebreakthrough.org/blog/2008/05/02/russia%20map.gif

Which is the fastest animal?

The lion, the cheetah or the greyhound?

It is the fastest land animal, reaching speeds between 112 and 120 km/h . Yes , the cheetah is a real athlete!!!

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://myanimalblog.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/cheetah.gif&imgrefurl=http://myanimalblog.wordpress.com/2008/02/18/cheetah/&usg=__zrX3KPsNsHZYI23i31ZfezTWNZU=&h=386&w=400&sz=127&hl=es&start=8&sig2=SG_BmWKrWiOLchjCBAbBvw&tbnid=L_hVQqo2ewCqjM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=124&ei=h7UuSYu_BM3K-Qa90OSYAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcheetah%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://scr.softonic.com/s2/49000/49003/3_lion_by_nicobou.jpg&imgrefurl=http://curly-lion.softonic.com/imagenes&usg=__MY9TOlikXotSkL-Dheb8D4YSlFI=&h=560&w=700&sz=31&hl=es&start=6&sig2=1OQCQ2G0NrL9UcjRFeTPLQ&tbnid=FjgYB48m80pzUM:&tbnh=112&tbnw=140&ei=_TkvSZf8JsrL-QbZ94GdAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlion%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.puppydogweb.com/gallery/greyhounds/greyhound_paulsen.jpg&imgrefurl=http://puppydogweb.com/breeds/greyhound.htm&usg=__W4vqcmT0gxofOAbqBUYKrScRPIg=&h=350&w=316&sz=52&hl=es&start=3&sig2=Rt9acPdjchCxmvjzXlH_Yw&tbnid=fljlhsvCVagEtM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=108&ei=ITovSfViisX5Bq_DtZAD&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgreyhound%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DG

Which buiding is the highest?

Burj Dubai160 floors 56 elevators

Petrona’s towers

452 metres high

Empire State building

381 metres

It's not finished yet, but the Burj Dubai is now the tallest building in the world

http://www.burjdubaiskyscraper.com/

http://www.burjdubaiskyscraper.com/

http://architecture.about.com/od/skyscrapers/ig/World-s-Tallest-Buildings/index.htm

Can you correct these sentences?

English is boringer than P.E.

Gasol is the better basketball player in the USA.

Spain is bigger that Italy.

Chiquito is more funny than Buenafuente.

My mum drives gooder than my dad.

Computer games are popularer than music.

English is more boring than P.E.Gasol is the best basketball player in the USA.Spain is bigger than Italy.Chiquito is funnier than Buenafuente.My mum drives better than my dad.Computer games are more popular than music.

AND NOW COMPARE THE FOLLOWING THINGS

A MOUSE AN ELEPHANT (BIG)

DISCOS PARKS (NOISY)

VALENCIA CF FC BARCELONA (GOOD)

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ubergizmo.com/photos/2007/10/mouse-mouse.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ubergizmo.com/es/2007/10/14-week/index.php%3Fpage%3D3&usg=__OjedbM3-onDAC7_NUBkbRRzXaps=&h=352&w=468&sz=23&hl=es&start=154&um=1&tbnid=Uz2Ja55Dfmg7fM:&tbnh=96&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmouse%26start%3D140%26ndsp%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_es%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.treehugger.com/happy-elephant-01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/03/happy-elephant-having-fun.php&usg=__CuNupqKSHM6WSBdw3ciTroC3Wek=&h=450&w=308&sz=58&hl=es&start=4&um=1&tbnid=U_t8yLQIl14NZM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=87&prev=/images%3Fq%3Delephant%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_es%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.comienzalafiesta.com/fotos/DISCOTECA3.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.comienzalafiesta.com/empresa.htm&usg=__i5n3NJ4mtlyFlx1gCGo9BoLzhRw=&h=591&w=660&sz=55&hl=es&start=18&um=1&tbnid=LaQ692Efnbzq8M:&tbnh=124&tbnw=138&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddiscoteca%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_es%26sa%3DX

http://www.atascaderochamber.org/Pages/Image/parks_ataslake.jpg

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.spanien-bilder.com/data/media/56/wappen-fc-valencia-cf.gif&imgrefurl=http://desface.wordpress.com/category/entretenimiento/page/49/&usg=__fzIlNsmd4TTLf4AYn_Y4hYYz6P4=&h=441&w=342&sz=57&hl=es&start=2&sig2=tYL91kWqJkIyvyx3hO70GQ&tbnid=ithXl2SZ95lPTM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=98&ei=060uScLaJ4rB-Qb8qLyIAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dvalencia%2Bcf%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des%26sa%3DG

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://fotos.subefotos.com/d7724c658c20bd0fc455896bb8122271o.jpg&imgrefurl=http://porravirtual.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!3993CE5B7F0DE270!2090.entry&usg=__pUMBvQs4ujYBmdHZLAG1N_cECz8=&h=599&w=797&sz=65&hl=es&start=3&sig2=BAFHjfrRK86MiGJDHMBMeA&tbnid=RXmhmXWPByaXSM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&ei=vq0uSf-VOM3M-QaWnPyeAw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbarcelona%2Bcf%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Des

READING LISTENING TO MUSIC ( INTERESTING)

EINSTEIN YOUR ENGLISH TEACHER (INTELLIGENT)

RIDING A BIKE PLAYING CHESS (DANGEROUS )

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.barnstable.k12.ma.us/bhs/Library/images/ReadingManiacs.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.barnstable.k12.ma.us/bhs/Library/1index.htm&usg=__Ywv5SJFSIPYmBAYaIx7AqRPzymU=&h=563&w=750&sz=44&hl=es&start=2&um=1&tbnid=isTLTJFnKlv7tM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=141&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dreading%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_es%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://blocs.xtec.cat/musicalcoll/files/2007/11/listening_to_music.gif&imgrefurl=http://blocs.xtec.cat/musicaprimer/partitures/&usg=__gLyKdsRI0Ps_btfK1KYUVMHOB4I=&h=541&w=490&sz=9&hl=es&start=1&um=1&tbnid=8RxXfQWFcVzTuM:&tbnh=132&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlistening%2Bto%2Bmusic%26ndsp%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_es%26sa%3DN

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://z.about.com/d/physics/1/0/C/0/-/-/Einstein_tongue.jpg&imgrefurl=http://physics.about.com/od/alberteinstein/ig/Albert-Einstein-photos/Albert-Einstein-tongue-picture.htm&usg=__LAYSwrd8zV-9c1wLvYOUaV00hW8=&h=371&w=298&sz=21&hl=es&start=1&um=1&tbnid=RgRRLzOyJnsD4M:&tbnh=122&tbnw=98&prev=/images%3Fq%3Deinstein%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_es

http://images.google.es/imgres?imgurl=http://www.malditainternet.com/files/images/devil.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.malditainternet.com/devil&usg=__aWJ_b5sSZiN8YLIG4iqAjNO1XMs=&h=298&w=310&sz=19&hl=es&start=79&um=1&tbnid=Y2leeIL0_zBB1M:&tbnh=112&tbnw=117&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddevil%26start%3D60%26ndsp%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26rlz%3D1W1GPEA_es%26sa%3DN

And finally, can you answer the following questions using full sentences?

Who’s the oldest person in your family? And the youngest?

Who’s your best friend? Who’s the most intelligent person in your class?

Who is the most attractive actress in Spain?

Who is the most attractive actor in the world?

Which is the biggest thing you have?

Which is the most important thing you have?

Which is the best day of the week?

Which is the most expensive thing you have ?

Which is the worst month of the year? Who's the most

interesting person in the school?

Basics of English Grammar

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