Basics of Cardio Respiratory EnduranceChapter 7

Aerobic Activities and the Body• Story• Aerobic activity is continuous activity that requires large

amounts of oxygen

Your Circulatory System• The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and blood

vessels; sometimes called the cardiovascular system. • The heart- the main component of the circulatory system.• The Heart Video• Hemoglobin- is an iron rich compound in the blood the helps carry

oxygen.• Stroke Volume- the amount of blood pumped per beat

• Blood vessels- the way blood is transported in the body• Arteries- carry blood from the heart to the major extremities

(oxygenated)• Veins- deliver deoxygenated blood back to the heart• Capillaries- deliver oxygen and other nutrients to individual cells.

Your Respiratory System• Respiratory System- The body system that exchanges gases

between your body and the environment.• The-Respiratory-System Video• Diaphragm- muscle found between the chest cavity and

abdomen.

Benefits of Aerobic Activity• Increases stroke volume (heart works more efficiently)• Conditions muscles• Increased Energy• Less Stress• Look and feel better

Problems and Care of Your Heart and Lungs

• Lifestyle Disease- diseases that are a result of certain lifestyle choices, such as:• Inactivity• Being overweight• Smoking and using other forms of tobacco• Eating unhealthy foods

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)• Cardiovascular Disease- any medical disorder that affects the

heart or blood vessels.• Angina• Aortic disease• Atrial fibrillation• Blood clots• Chest pain• Congestive heart failure• Heart attack• Murmur• Palpitations

• Just to name a few

Atherosclerosis• Atherosclerosis- a condition in which fatty deposits called

plaque build up inside the arteries, restricting or cutting of blood flow.

Heart Attack• One million people in the United States suffer a heart attack.• A heart attack results from a blockage of a blood vessel that

feeds the heart muscle.• Heart Attack Signs Clip

Other Diseases• Sudden Cardiac Death: • Less than 35 attributed to heart defect• Over 35 attributed to atherosclerosis

• Stroke- when the blood flow to a persons brain is interrupted or cut off entirely by the blockage of an artery. • Sudden numbness in face or limbs (especially on one side)• Sudden confusion, trouble speaking• Trouble seeing out of one or both eyes• Trouble walking or dizziness• Sudden severe headache with no known cause

Other Diseases• Peripheral Vascular Disease- CVD that occurs mainly in the

legs, and less frequently in the arms

• High Blood Pressure/Hypertension (the silent killer)- a key risk factor in heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure• Can live for years without knowing you have it

Diseases of the Lungs• 200,000 deaths from lung cancer each year, most preventable

cause of death.

• Emphysema- is a disease in which the small airways of the lungs lost their normal elasticity, making them less efficient in helping move air in and out of the lungs.

• Changeable Risk Factor:• Avoiding tobacco

Measuring Cardiorespiratory Endurance

• Maximal Oxygen Consumption- the largest amount of oxygen your body is able to process during strenuous aerobic exercise

• The more fit you are the higher your VO2 Max

• Slow-Twitch Muscle Fiber- muscle fibers that contract at a slow rate• Endurance activities

• Fast-Twitch Muscle Fiber- muscle fibers that contract rapidly, allowing for greater muscle strength

Factors Affecting Cardiorespiratory Endurance• Age• Heredity• Gender• Body composition• Level of conditioning

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic• Anaerobic Activity- Aerobic activity is continuous activity that

requires large amounts of oxygen• Hiking• Cross country skiing

• Anaerobic Activity- higher levels of muscular strength and muscular endurance and flexibility• 40 yard dash• Fast break in basketball• Swimming 100 meters as fast as you can

Interval Training• A program in which high-intensity physical activities alternate

with low-intensity activities

• Advantages:• Workout at higher intensity for longer period of time compare to

a traditional workout• Burn more calories• Improves both health and skill-related fitness