basic types of government
Transcript of basic types of government
Introducing a New Product
Types of Government
Seventh Grade History
Government
The person or persons authorized to administer the laws
Things related to government are described using the word political
The types of governments are based on one key question
Who governs the state?
There are three different types of governements
Autocracy
Oligarchy
Democracy
Autocracy
Government in which the power to govern is held by one personGenerally the power to rule is inherited, or by military force
There are three types of Autocracy
Totalitarian DictatorshipAbsolute MonarchyConstitutional Monarch
Totalitarian Dictatorship
The government seeks to control all aspects of social and economic lifeAn example would be Adolf Hitler in Germany, and Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union
Absolute Monarchy
King, queen or emperor control government
The power is usually inherited or passed down from family members
The King of Saudi Arabia is an example this form of government
Absolute Monarchs often relied on the philosophy of Divine Right
The idea that a ruler was appointed by God and the right to rule people was inherited, in the blood itself passed down by natural reproduction from father to son, daughter....
These are called dynasties
Some autocratic nations are also theocratic
A theocracy is a government where the political leader is also the spiritual leader or the spiritual leader is given political power.
Examples are present day Iran or Ancient Egyptian Pharaophs
Constitutional Monarch
Kings, queens or emperors share power with elected legislatures
Generally Kings are nothing more than figureheads
Examples would be Japan and Great Britain
Oligarchy
Small group of people hold power
The group gets their power from either military, wealth or social status
Examples would be China.
Usually these governments claim to rule for the people.
May hold elections, but offer only one candidate, or control electionsUsually suppress political opposition
Democracy
Rule is by the people
Self-government
Principal of Popular Sovereignty
The legitimacy of government rests in the consent of the people governed
This idea is written in the Declaration of Independence
...Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed...
There are two forms of democracy
Direct or Pure Democracy
People vote on all issues
Exists in small societies where citizens can regularly meet and discuss issues
Examples of this: Ancient Greece; Native Americans; early New England; the Mayflower Compact
Representative Democracy (AKA Republic, Constitutional Republic)
People elect representatives and give the them the power to vote on issues
Characteristics of Democracies
Works to develop individual freedoms and equality
Based on majority rule
Free elections must be held
Everyone's vote carries equal weight
In Democratic Elections
All candidates can express their views freely
Citizens are free to help candidates Legal requirements to vote are kept to a minimum Citizens vote by secret ballot
Types of Actual Governments
Can you identify the type?
MuhammadRussian CzarsRoman CaesarsPrime MinistersCharlemagne (crowned by the Pope as the Holy Roman Emperor)Presidents