Basic radiology points for homeo pathy
-
Upload
sakthivel-ben -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
354 -
download
2
Transcript of Basic radiology points for homeo pathy
![Page 1: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Tip of Iceberg
![Page 2: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Diagnostic Investigations
Is investigations necessary ?
Only Clinical Evaluation = Management Is it Possible ?
![Page 3: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
TEAM EFFORT {Diagnostician & Therapeutician}
CONFIRMATORY DIAGNOSIS { INVESTIGATIONS}
TREATMENTMANAGEMENT
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS{ PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS}
![Page 4: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Diagnostic Need ??
DIAGNOSTICIAN{ RADIOLOGY / LABORATORY/
DOCTOR
PATIENT
![Page 5: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
NATUROPATHY
UNANIAYURVEDA
& SIDDHA
HOMEO
ALLOPATHY
FINALFINALDIAGNOSISDIAGNOSIS
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 6: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Central Point
RADIOLOGY/ OTHER INVESTIGATIONS
ModernMedicine Ayush Naturopathy
![Page 7: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Importance of Confirmatory Diagnosis
To Choose / Plan Appropriate method of Management
To initiate Early Treatment
To avoid late Complications
For Medico-legal Overcome
For Future Follow-up
![Page 8: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Investigations
Radiology Lab Tests / Pathology - For all Systems Cardiac – ECG / Treadmill/ ECHO/ ANGIO Neuro- EEG/ ENMG Audiogram - ENT Bone densitometer- BONE Spirometry – Lung Capacity Endoscopy – Any Luminal Structure
![Page 9: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Today ours focus is 1] What investigations to do ?
2] How to Write test ? View …
3] How to Read the Reports & Images ?
4] What to do Next ?
5] Follow-up tests needed or not ?
![Page 10: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What investigations required for?
Headache : Skull X-Ray ; PNS ; CT Scan Giddiness : Audiometry ; C.Spine x-ray;
Carotid doppler Sinusitis : X-Ray PNS; CT Scan Stridor & URI in Children: X-ray adenoid Cough ; LRI : Chest X-Ray Dyspnea: ECG; PFT Dysphagia: Barium Swallow x-ray
![Page 11: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Tests needed are Breast Swelling : USG Breast; X-Ray breast Neck Pain: C-Spine x-ray Shoulder Pain: C-Spine X-Ray & X-Ray
shoulder Restricted shoulder movements: X-Ray &
USG Scan Abd Pain; Dyspepsia;Vomiting;Bowel
disturbances : USG Scan; Barium; endoscopy
![Page 12: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Nedded tests are Colicky pain abd: USG Scan; Urine R/E; Menstrual complaints: USG Scan; Male Infertility: Doppler Scrotum; Semen
test Femal Infertility: USG Scan;Follicular study;
HSG Erectile Dysfunction: Penile Doppler Leg swelling & Pain: Doppler limbs Numbness legs; DM : Limb arterial doppler
![Page 13: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Symptoms based tests: Fits : EEG ; CT Scan; MRI Scan Backache: USG abd; X-Ray SPINE;MRI Occupational dyspnea: PFT Cancer Work-Up : PET Scan Neck Swelling : TFT ; USG Thyroid
![Page 14: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
RADIOLOGY
NUCLEARMEDICINE
RADIO-THERAPY
RADIO-DIAGNOSIS
![Page 15: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Radiology Sub-divisions { RADIO-DIAGNOSIS}
X-Ray - Head; Neck; Chest ; Bones & Joints Ultrasound Scan - Abdomen; Pelvis;
Scrotum;Breast;Thyroid;Soft tissue lesions Colour Doppler Scan – Vascular Study CT Scan- Head; Neck; Chest;Spine& Joints MRI Scan- Brain;Spine;Joints PET Scan-{ Anatomy & Physiology} Neoplasms Workup INTERVENTIONAL Radiology – Vascular & Non-vascular
![Page 16: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Chocolate Cyst Ovary
TB LUNGS
Meningioma
![Page 17: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Radiology
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 18: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Case Scenario : 1 40 yrs old male with acute onset of Pain Lt
shoulder with restricted movements following history of fall…
Could it be fracture ? Muscle tear ?? First to R/O Serious one fracture.. X-Ray Lt Shoulder what view? AP View… Normal What next?
![Page 19: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
X-Ray Left Shoulder AP View
Look for Bony Parts
Joint Space
Dislocation
Fracture
![Page 20: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ULTRASOUND LT SHOULDER Muscular / Tendinous
Tear { Complete / Partial}
Tendinitis
Joint Effusion
Soft tissue swelling
![Page 21: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
MRI SCAN LEFT SHOULDER Confirmation of earlier
findings
Articular Cartilage / Ligamentous injury
Soft tissue details
![Page 22: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Case Scenario : 2 Elderly male { 75 yrs } with C/O Chronic
Cough; Weight loss & Hemoptysis TB ? Neoplastic ?? Without diagnosis Symptomatic management
??? Advised Cheap & easily available test Chest X-Ray ; Which view PA View
![Page 23: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Chest X-Ray PA View Right Lung Opacity Vessel ? LN?? Mass?
![Page 24: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
CT SCAN CHEST { HRCT} Mediastinal Window /
Lung Window
With or Without Contrast
Imagingwise looks like mass lesion
![Page 25: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PET CT { Whole body} To Know the lesion
either as active / inactive
Spread to rest of the lung & rest of the body
Costlier & harmful
![Page 26: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
How to Write tests:
Positional Views
A P view
P A view
LATERAL view OBLIQUE view SPECIAL views { water’s view, axial view,lordotic
view ,skyline view, OPG, Mammogram}
![Page 27: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Views The body Part closer to Cassette is area of
interest – denominated as second letter PA Means : “A”{ANTERIOR} Close to
Casette ; Area of Interest
![Page 28: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
How to read reports & Images
![Page 29: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
RADIOLOGY X-Ray { Conventional & Contrast } USG Scan Doppler Scan CT Scan MRI Scan PET Scan
![Page 30: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X- Ray History X-Ray is Electromagnetic Ionic Radiation X-Ray is Produced from “X-Ray tube” First Invented by Wilhelm Roentgen in nov 8th
1895 X-Rays Captured by Photoelectric Plates / CR
Plates Images Developed by Darkroom Technique / CR
Technique X-Ray energy emission measured as mSv/ mGy
![Page 31: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Formation of X-Rays
![Page 32: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-Ray Taking
![Page 33: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Analogue CR X-ray
![Page 34: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Significance of CR X-rays Digital form- Images so easily transferable
No Chemical used
Better Resolution- better image
Storage for longer time
Costlier
![Page 35: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
How to read Reports & Images:
X- Ray Terminology
Radio-opaque ; Opacity Radio-lucent Hyperlucency / Hypolucency Osteopenia / Osteoporosis Hyperostosis Spondylosis / Spondylolisthesis / Spondylitis Cartilage / Articular Surface
![Page 36: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Ultrasound Terminology Echogenicity: [a] Iso-echoic = Same echoes as
Comparative structure [b] Hypo-echoic = Low-echoic = Sonolucent =
Sonopoor= echopoor [c] Hyper-echoic= Echogenic=echodense [d] Mixed echoic [e] Post-acoustic shadow / Post-acoustic
enhancement [f] Anechoic = echo-dropout [g] Valsalva manoeure [h] Compressibility
![Page 37: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
CT SCAN TERMINOLOGY
Hounsfield units ; Bone –Higher HU Density { iso ; hypo & Hyper} Plain { NECT} & Contrast { CECT} Contrast Dye : Ionic { Urovideo} Non-ionic { Iohexol}
![Page 38: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-Ray Bones
Bone Mineralization
Length & Width
Fracture
Tumour
![Page 39: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
osteopenia
Senility
Vit.D Deficiency
Hypo-parathyroidism
Hypocalcemia & Hypophosphatasia
![Page 40: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
HYPEROSTOSIS1. HYPERCALCEMIA STATE2. FLUOROSIS
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 41: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
LYTIC AREAS1. INFECTIVE2. PROLIFERATIVE DISORDER3. NEOPLASTIC
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 42: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
BLASTIC LESIONS
1. BENIGN OSTEOMA
2. NEOPLASTIC
3. SECONDARIES
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 43: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
FRACTURE Complete / Greenstick
With / without Displacement
![Page 44: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-Ray Skull
AP View Lateral View
![Page 45: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
X-Ray Skull
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 46: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
sella
mastoid
![Page 47: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-Ray Neck – Soft tissues
![Page 48: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
PNS
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 49: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
x-ray Nasopharynx
![Page 51: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
XX--RAY CHESTRAY CHEST
NUTSHELLNUTSHELL::
The Only Diagnostic Investigation nearly The Only Diagnostic Investigation nearly
Needed by all the Medical PractitionersNeeded by all the Medical Practitioners
{ { All Medical SubAll Medical Sub--specialitiesspecialities & Surgical & Surgical SpecialitiesSpecialities as Preas Pre--Operative Operative WorkWork--up} up}
![Page 52: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 53: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Why CXR Important
Two Vital Organs Heart and LungsTwo Vital Organs Heart and Lungs
![Page 54: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Indications for AP View
1.1. Pediatric age GroupPediatric age Group2.2. Bed ridden PatientsBed ridden Patients3.3. Bony [rib] FractureBony [rib] Fracture
Decubitus View for Minimal Pleural Decubitus View for Minimal Pleural effusionseffusions
![Page 55: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-RAY REPORTING
1.1. TRACHEATRACHEA2.2. CARDIAC CARDIAC
SHILHOUTTESHILHOUTTE3.3. CTRCTR4.4. HILAR REGIONSHILAR REGIONS5.5. COSTO-COSTO-
PHRENIC PHRENIC ANGLESANGLES
6.6. LUNG FIELDSLUNG FIELDS7.7. CHEST WALLCHEST WALL
![Page 56: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 57: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Ideal X-Ray
1.1. Vertebral Column Should be Vertebral Column Should be VisibleVisible
2.2. Equal Sterno-Clavicular distanceEqual Sterno-Clavicular distance
![Page 58: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
2 Vital Organs
![Page 59: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 60: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Physiological Variations
![Page 61: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
AGE RELATED CHANGES
AORTIC KNUCKLEAORTIC KNUCKLE COSTO-CHONDRAL CALCIFICATIONSCOSTO-CHONDRAL CALCIFICATIONS THYMIC SHADOWTHYMIC SHADOW
![Page 62: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Aortic Knuckle
![Page 63: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Thymus
![Page 64: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Rib Calcifications
![Page 65: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
LOBAR & SEGMENTAL ANATOMY
RIGHT LUNGLOBES
[1] UPPER LOBE [a] APICAL [b] ANTERIOR [c] POSTERIOR [2] MIDDLE LOBE [a] MEDIAL [b] LATERAL [3] LOWER [BASAL] LOBE [a] APICAL [b] MEDIAL [c] ANTERIOR [d] LATERAL [e] POSTERIOR FISSURES MAJOR [OBLIQUE] MINOR [ HORIZONTAL]
LEFT LUNGLOBES
[1] UPPER LOBE [a] APICO-POSTERIOR [ b] ANTERIOR [c] SUPERIOR LINGULAR [d] INFERIOR LINGULAR [2] LOWER LOBE [a] APICAL [b] ANTERIOR [c] LATERAL [d] POSTERIOR FISSURES MAJOR FISSURE
![Page 66: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Lung Segments
![Page 67: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Appearance of Pathologies
![Page 68: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Lt Pleural Effusion
![Page 69: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
PLEURAL EFFUSION
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 70: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Raised Diaphragm
![Page 71: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
CTR
CARDIAC SHILHOUTTE
BORDERAPEX
![Page 72: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Cardiomegaly
![Page 73: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Lung Parenchyma
FOCAL LESIONSCOLLAPSE
CONSOLIDATIONMASS LESIONS
DIFFUSE LESIONSILD
![Page 74: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
FOCAL MASS LESIONS
BENIGN CYSTIC LESIONBENIGN SOLID LESION
MALIGNANT
![Page 75: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
COLLAPSE
FINDINGS VOLUME REDUCTION AIR REPLACEMENT TYPES ACTIVE [External Communication
Patent] PASSIVE
![Page 76: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
CONSOLIDATION
AIR REPLACEMENT BY FLUIDPRESERVATION OF VOLUME
PATENT BRONCHI
![Page 77: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 78: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
DIFFUSE LUNG LESIONS
• BRONCHO-PULMONARY :
MULTIPLE FOCAL LESIONS
• INTERSTITIAL LUNG OPACITY :
![Page 79: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
MULTI-FOCAL LESIONS
> PATCHY > PATCHY CONSOLIDATIOCONSOLIDATIONSNS
> MILIARY TB> MILIARY TB
> METASTASES> METASTASES
![Page 80: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
MASS LESION
MEDIASTINAL / PULMONARYCENTRAL / PERIPHERAL
EXTRA-PULMONARYPLEURAL / CHEST WALL
![Page 81: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Lung Mass
![Page 82: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
PLEURAL PATHOLOGIESEFFUSION
PNEUMOTHORAXMASS LESION
![Page 83: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Rt Pleural Effusion
![Page 84: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Hydro-Pneumothorax
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 85: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
CONCLUSION
= PRACTICALLY WE ARE GETTING MIXED OF THE ABOVE SAID FINDINGS
= CHEST X-RAY IS THE ONE DIFFICULT TO INTERPRET IN COMPARED TO CT CHEST
= WE AS RADIOLOGISTS READY TO HELP YOU ATLEAST IN SMALL WAY
![Page 86: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
ABDOMEN X- RAY
Supine AP
Erect AP
KUB
![Page 87: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
ABDOMEN X-RAY
![Page 88: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
LEFT RENAL CALCULUS
![Page 89: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
LEFT RENAL CALCULUS
![Page 90: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Pelvic X- Ray
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 91: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Spinous Pathology
Lumbar Spine Cervical Spine Sacral Spine Dorsal Spine Whole Spine
![Page 92: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Parts of Vertebra
Body Endplates Pedicles Lamina Transverse Process Spinous Process
![Page 93: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Spinal Internal Joints
Facet Joints Disco-vertebral joints
![Page 94: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
External Joints
Atlanto-Occipital Joint Costo-vertebral joints Sacro-iliac joints
![Page 95: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Cervical Spine
Typical Vertebrae- Body ; Pedicle; [Vertebral foramen +] Neural arch & Spinous Process
. Atypical Vertebrae- 1. Atlas 2. Axis 3. Long Spinous Process C 7
![Page 96: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Dorsal Spine
12 pairs of ribs Costo-Vertebral Joints Relative Immobility
![Page 97: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Spinal Measurements
Measurements: Vertebral Height Disc space width Spinal Canal diameter Inter-pedicular distance [ Lumbar]
![Page 98: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Sacral Pieces
S1 – S5 C1- C3 [ C 5]
![Page 99: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Normal Cervical Spine
Short Neck Long Neck
![Page 100: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 101: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Spondylosis
Ideal diagnostics
Cervical to CoccyxSpinal Curvatures : Lordosis Scoliosis
![Page 102: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Lumbar Spondylosis
Narrow Disc Space Marginal Osteophytes
![Page 103: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
LS Spine – AP View Pedicles Inter-Pedicular Distance
![Page 104: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
EXTREMITIES { APPENDAGES}
SHOULDER & ARM ELBOW & FOREARM WRIST & HAND HIP JOINT & THIGH KNEE JOINT & LEG ANKLE JOINT & FOOT
![Page 105: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-Ray Shoulder
![Page 106: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Arthritis
![Page 107: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Shoulder Dislocation
![Page 108: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-Ray Knee Joint
![Page 109: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
OA KNEE
![Page 110: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Patellar Fracture
![Page 111: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
OA KNEE
![Page 112: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
ARTHRITIS KNEE
![Page 113: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Is it Harmful ? X-Ray ; CT Scan & PET CT are harmful “Ionic Radiation” 1 Chest X-Ray Producing 0.01 – 0.15 mGy 1 CT Scan = 10- 20 mGy Accepted Background Radiation is 2.4 mGy/y { 1 dental x-ray = 1 day BG Radiation 1 CXR = 10 days BG Radiation 1 Chest/ AB CT = 2-3 yrs BG Radiation}
Usefulness > harmness
![Page 114: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Prior Preparations
For Abdomen & X-Ray KUB Prior 2 days Bowel laxative with empty
Stomach. For Contrast Studies Empty Stomach
![Page 115: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
ULTRASOUND { USG SCAN} Being used Since 1950 Sound Frequency : 20- 20,000 Hz Ultrasound Probes { Convex; TVS; High
Frequency ; 4 D Probe; endocavitary} B-Mode; M-Mode;CFI;Spectral doppler Piezo-electric Crystals Harmless; easily availability; Cheaper;
Portable ALARA { As low as reasonable acceptable}
![Page 116: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Ultrasound Terminology Echogenicity: [a] Iso-echoic = Same echoes as
Comparative structure [b] Hypo-echoic = Low-echoic = Sonolucent =
Sonopoor= echopoor [c] Hyper-echoic= Echogenic=echodense [d] Mixed echoic [e] Post-acoustic shadow / Post-acoustic
enhancement [f] Anechoic = echo-dropout [g] Valsalva manoeure [h] Compressibility
![Page 117: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
ULTRASOUND MACHINE
![Page 118: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Portable USG Machine
![Page 119: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
ULTRASOUND PROBES
![Page 120: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Cirrhosis Liver
![Page 121: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Liver Hemangioma
![Page 122: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Liver Abscess
![Page 123: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Cholelithiases
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 124: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
RENAL CALCULUS
![Page 125: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Vesical Calculus
![Page 126: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Intra-vesical Ureterocele
![Page 127: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
PROSTATOMEGALY
BPH Vs CA
![Page 128: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Catheter in Bladder
![Page 129: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
USG SCAN
Appendicitis
![Page 130: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
UTERINE FIBROIDS
![Page 131: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Endometrial Hyperplasia
![Page 132: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
PCOD
![Page 133: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Ovarian Cyst
![Page 134: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Worm Infestation
![Page 135: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Small Parts Scan Thyroid Pathologies Thyroiditis Solitary Nodule MNG Mass Lesion
![Page 136: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
Small Parts ScanBREAST { Sono-mammogram} Fibro-adenosis Fibro-adenoma Abscess Malignancy
![Page 137: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
Breast Malignancy
![Page 138: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
Small Parts Scan Scrotum: Hydrocele Varicocele Torsion Epididymo-Orchitis Mass lesion
![Page 139: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Scrotal Varicocele
Valsalva Resting
![Page 140: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
Doppler Scan To Find-out Vascular Pathology { either
arterial / Venous} Color Flow Imaging / Spectral Doppler PSV ; EDV ; STENOSIS % DVT Varicose Veins
![Page 141: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
Arterial Stenosis
![Page 142: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
3 D/ 4 D SCAN
![Page 143: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Prior Preparation
Overnight Fasting
Full Bladder
Menses – not a contraindication for scanning
Lower limb doppler – Concerned dresses
![Page 144: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
1. SPIRAL CT SCAN2. MULTI- SLICE CT { single, 4 slice, 16 slice, 64
slice, 128 slice }3. CARDIAC CT4. MAIN USEFULNESS IN HEAD: NECK:
CHEST: ABDOMEN: EATREMITIES
CT SCAN HISTORY
![Page 145: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
CT SCAN TERMINOLOGY
Hounsfield units Density { iso ; hypo & Hyper} Plain { NECT} & Contrast { CECT} Contrast Dye : Ionic { Urovideo} Non-ionic { Iohexol}
![Page 146: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
CT SCAN CONSOLE
![Page 147: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
CT SCAN HEAD { Brain}
![Page 148: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
CT BRAIN { Plain }
![Page 149: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
CT { Plain & Contrast } NECT & CECT
![Page 150: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
X-RAY Vs CT
• EXPOSURE• TIMING• PREPARATION• AVIALABILITY• MOBILITY• BASIC INVESTIGATION IN
RADILOGY
![Page 151: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
MRI TERMINOLOGY
Intensity { iso ; hyper & hypo}MAGNETS { Superconducting}TESLA UNITS { 0.2 – 3.0 T}
COILSCLAUSTROPHOBIA
PACEMAKER; IMPLANTS INCOMPATIBLECOSTLIER
MRA ; MRS ; FUNCTIONAL MRI
![Page 152: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
MRI SCAN
![Page 153: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
MRI SCAN MAGNETS: Superconducting magnet Units : Tesla { 0.2 to 3.0 T} T1 ; T2 ; FLAIR ; MRS ; MRA ; f MRI Contraindicated : Pacemaker ; Cochlear
implants Claustrophobia
![Page 154: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
MRI BRAIN { Plain & Contrast }
![Page 155: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
MRI Spine
![Page 156: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
PET CT SCAN
Combined CT Scan & SPECT Scan
Functional characters assessed
Costlier
Mainly used in Cancer Follow-ups
![Page 157: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
PET SCAN BRAIN
![Page 158: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Wholebody Pet Scan
![Page 159: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
PET BRAIN
![Page 160: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
Therapeutic Radiology Drainage of Abscess or collection Guided FNAC Selective Reduction in Twins Angioplasty with Stent Coiling or Glue apply in Aneurysm
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 161: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
60 yrs old Post menopausal woman with C/O Bleeding PV
Clinical exam; Speculum examination Next ..
Ideal diagnostics
Case Scenario : 3
![Page 162: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
Ultrasound Scan Pelvis Bulky Uterus Fibroid with
Endometrial Thickening
Post menopausal EM- > 4 mm
HPE
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 163: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
![Page 164: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
MRI PELVIS Extent of EM
EM- Myometrial distinction
Parametrial invasion
Local MetastasesIdeal diagnostics
![Page 165: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
Case Scenario : 4 30 yrs female with Colicky abdominal Pain in
Right sided abdomen ? Ureteric Colic ? Appendix ? Ovarian ?? Cholelithiases Symptomatic Tx.
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 166: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
USG ABDOMEN Renal
Hydronephrosis Ureter is dilated Not traceable
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 167: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
![Page 168: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
X-Ray KUB Size & Site of
Calculus Number of Calculus Radiolucent ?
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 169: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
SPIRAL CT SCAN KUB Exact size & site Asso. Complications
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 170: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
Case Scenario: 5 Middle aged male with fever; Chronic
Cough; loss of appetite ; loss of weight High ESR ; Raised Lymphocytes
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 171: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/171.jpg)
CHEST X-RAY PA VIEW
Ideal diagnostics
![Page 172: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/172.jpg)
Ideal diagnostics
Topic Specific
PCOD
Enlarged Ovaries Peripherally arranged
Small cystic structures Central cyst free
stroma
EM Thickening
![Page 173: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
Fibroid Uterus Common in Middle
aged females Nulliparous 3 Types SM –type = Bleeding Major decision upto
Menopause
![Page 174: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
Ovarian Cyst
Benign Vs Malignant
Functional
![Page 175: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/175.jpg)
Fibro-adenoma Breast
Fibroadenosis Vs Fibroadenoma Vs Ca Quadrants Clock Positions Sonomammogram Vs X-Ray mammogram
![Page 176: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/176.jpg)
Follicular Study { Ovulation } Basal Scan on 2nd Day
of menses Next Scan On 10th day Follicle matures at a
rate of 1-2 mm / day Maximum size
expectation 20-25 mm Size reduction with FF
& em thickening HSG Next
![Page 177: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
Calculous Disease Urolithiases :
4 Types calculi
Common sites of Ureteric narrowings – PU Jn; iliac vessel crossing; Pelvic brim;VU Jn
![Page 178: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/178.jpg)
GB Calculi
2 Types:
Mobile / fixed
Obstructed / Non obstructed
Asso. Cholecystitis
![Page 179: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/179.jpg)
Thyroid
Thyroiditis
Solitary nodule MNG
CA Thyroid
FNAC
![Page 180: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/180.jpg)
Feedback 1] Common Chest X-Ray View ?
2] Term used in CT & MRI ?
3] USG Scan harmful ?
4] Koch’s Preferred site in Lung ?
5] Shoulder pain next to X-Ray what ?
![Page 181: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/181.jpg)
Takehome message… Please use Diagnostic modalities to arrive at a
Proper diagnosis before Start of treatment Common X-Rays are: Chest X-Ray PA View X-Ray PNS for Sinuses X-Ray Spine AP & Lateral Views for Backache
. USG Scan abdomen for Renal Calculus / Uterine Fibroids
![Page 182: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/182.jpg)
Takehome message… HRCT Scan for Head & Chest HFU Scan for Thyroid ; Breast ; Scrotum and
any swelling MRI Scan for Head; Neck ; Spine & Joints PET Scan for Activity of the lesion and whole
body Spread If any doubt, please don’t hesitate to call me 94472 77746
![Page 183: Basic radiology points for homeo pathy](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081505/589dd3b01a28abf45d8b6823/html5/thumbnails/183.jpg)
Significance of RADIOLOGY Ever expanding , Fascinating diagnostic
Modality Proper & Judicious use of Radiology for
arrive at a diagnosis DON’T Lag behind your allopathic
Colleagues Keep update yourself