Basic Process of Photosynthesis:

Sun

LIGHT

Basic Process of Photosynthesis:

H2O CO2

Light Dependent Reactions

Calvin Cycle

O2 Sugars

CHRLORPLAST

Sun

LIGHT

Chemical Pathways• Living things get the energy

they need from food

• Both plant & animal cells carry out final stages of cellular respiration

…Remember “ATP”?

• ATP stores energy for cell activities like active transport & movement within the cell

EQUATION FOR

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

EQUATION FOR

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Cellular Respiration…• Process that releases energy by

breaking down glucose & other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

• Three Stages:1. Glycolysis2. Krebs Cycle3. Electron Transport Chain

GLYCOLYSIS• Breaks down “Glucose” (6-carbon sugar) into

2 molecules of “Pyruvic Acid” (3-carbon compound)

• The products are:– 2 Pyruvic Acid molecules– 2 ATP molecules– 2 NADH molecules

Glycolysis has 2 pathways…

1. If Oxygen is present (Aerobic) ...“Krebs Cycle”… then to Electron Transport Chain

2. If Oxygen is absent (Anaerobic) … “Fermentation”… (directly to Electron Transport Chain)

FERMENTATION(Aanerobic Pathway)

2 TYPES: Alcoholic & Lactic Acid

1. Alcoholic :• Yeast & other microorganisms use this to

produce alcohol & CO2 as wastes.

• Beer is a beverage made by alcoholic fermentation

2. Lactic Acid:– Exercise causes the body needs

more oxygen for respiration to make more ATP

– Body resorts to lactic acid fermentation to make ATP

– Lactic Acid is also produced causing burning sensation in muscles

FERMENTATION(Aanerobic Pathway)

Glycolysis has 2 pathways…

1. If Oxygen is present (Aerobic) ...“Krebs Cycle”… then to Electron Transport Chain

2. If Oxygen is absent (Anaerobic) … “Fermentation”… (directly to Electron Transport Chain)

KREBS CYCLE(Aerobic Pathway)

• Pyruvic Acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy extracting reactions

Hans Kreb:• SEE P.226• Discovered

citric acid cycle, “Krebs Cycle”

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

• Uses high energy electrons from the Krebs Cycle to convert ADP to ATP!!!

• O2 is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Cellular Respiration…

• Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose & other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

• Glycolysis sets

the stage for

Cellular RespirationTwo Stages:

1. Krebs Cycle2. Electron Transport Chain

Cellular RespirationMini-Lab

• Clear your desk (except for pencil or pen)

• Write the title above on notebook paper• Complete the Mini-lab (procedures & observations)

• Answer the questions on both sides• Turn-in work to class basket when you

finish (we will discuss it in class)

You Have 15 min.!!!