Basic Geography Skills WG SOL 1. Two types of maps: General Purpose: includes political and...
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Transcript of Basic Geography Skills WG SOL 1. Two types of maps: General Purpose: includes political and...
Basic Geography SkillsBasic Geography Skills
WG SOL 1WG SOL 1
Two types of maps:Two types of maps:
General Purpose: includes political and physical maps
Thematic: A thematic map displays special features such as population, climate, vegetation, precipitation etc.
General Purpose: includes political and physical maps
Thematic: A thematic map displays special features such as population, climate, vegetation, precipitation etc.
Political and Physical Maps
Political and Physical Maps
Political MapsPolitical Maps
Political maps show Political maps show political political borders: borders: continents and continents and countries.countries.
Political maps also Political maps also include include symbols symbols and and labels labels for capitals, for capitals, cities and towns.cities and towns.
Political maps show Political maps show political political borders: borders: continents and continents and countries.countries.
Political maps also Political maps also include include symbols symbols and and labels labels for capitals, for capitals, cities and towns.cities and towns.
Physical MapsPhysical Maps
Physical maps Physical maps represent what a represent what a region region looks like by showing looks like by showing its major its major physical physical features, such as hills features, such as hills and plains. and plains.
Physical maps Physical maps represent what a represent what a region region looks like by showing looks like by showing its major its major physical physical features, such as hills features, such as hills and plains. and plains.
Important Map Terms:Important Map Terms:
Compass Rose: shows map orientation
(north, south, east, and west)Scale: shows what a measurement
on a map is equal to in real lifeLegend: a key
Compass Rose: shows map orientation
(north, south, east, and west)Scale: shows what a measurement
on a map is equal to in real lifeLegend: a key
Location, location location: 2 Types
Location, location location: 2 Types
Absolute location: specific address, latitude or longitude
Relative location: in relation to another place: north/south/right/left etc.
Absolute location: specific address, latitude or longitude
Relative location: in relation to another place: north/south/right/left etc.
Sources of Geographic Information:
Sources of Geographic Information:
GIS-Geographic Information Systems Satelite Images Maps Databases Field work Photographs Globes
GIS-Geographic Information Systems Satelite Images Maps Databases Field work Photographs Globes
Maps show information using:
Maps show information using:
Symbols: = a church Colors: represent changes in
elevation, water is usually blue Lines: usually a river Boundaries: usually a bold line Contours: lines indicate changes
in elevation
Symbols: = a church Colors: represent changes in
elevation, water is usually blue Lines: usually a river Boundaries: usually a bold line Contours: lines indicate changes
in elevation
Mental Maps•Mental Map is a map produced by someone’s mind•Uses: 1. daily activities such as going to school or driving to church 2. Give directions 3. Understand world events•Ways developed and refined: 1. Comparing to a real map 2. Describing the location 3. Describing the relative location
Understanding GlobesUnderstanding Globes
Lines of Latitude – Imaginary horizontal lines around the globe.
*Also called Parallels
Lines of Latitude – Imaginary horizontal lines around the globe.
*Also called Parallels
Lines of Longitude – Imaginary vertical lines
around the globe.*Also called Meridians
Together, these lines form the global grid. Every place on the earth has its own set of coordinates on the global
grid.
OwlTeacher.com
How Latitude and Longitude Form the Global Grid
How Latitude and Longitude Form the Global Grid
OwlTeacher.com
The HemispheresThe Hemispheres
•Which 2 hemisphere’s do we live in?•Which 2 hemisphere’s do we live in?
THE GLOBAL GRIDThe Earth is divided by latitude and longitude lines. There are several important lines to know on the earth's surface:
#1 is the ARCTIC CIRCLE found at 66 ½ o NORTH of the Equator
#2 is the TROPIC OF CANCER found at 23 ½ o NORTH of the Equator
#3 is the EQUATOR which splits the earth into two hemispheres at 0o Latitude
#4 is the TROPIC OF CAPRICORN found 23 ½ o SOUTH of the Equator.
#5 is the ANTARCTIC CIRCLE found at 66 ½ o SOUTH of the Equator 6
#6 is the PRIME MERIDIAN which runs north to south at 0o LONGITUDE
Pencils down.....just listen!
Use the pink map cards....
Pencils down.....just listen!
Use the pink map cards....
East West, North South on the Earth
East West, North South on the Earth
The N tells us we’re north of the Equator. The S tells us we’re south of the Equator.
The E tells us that we’re east of the Prime Meridian. The W tells us that we’re west of the Prime Meridian.
The N tells us we’re north of the Equator. The S tells us we’re south of the Equator.
The E tells us that we’re east of the Prime Meridian. The W tells us that we’re west of the Prime Meridian.
(N, W) (N, E)
(S, W) (S, E)
East West, North South on the Earth
East West, North South on the Earth
That means all points in North America will have a North latitude and a West longitude because it is North of the Equator and West of the Prime Meridian.
That means all points in North America will have a North latitude and a West longitude because it is North of the Equator and West of the Prime Meridian.
(N, W)
Prime Meridian
East West, North South on the Earth
East West, North South on the Earth
What would be the latitude and longitude directions in Australia?
What would be the latitude and longitude directions in Australia?
Prime Meridian ?
If you said South and East , you’re right!
So Where is (0,0)?So Where is (0,0)? The origin point
(0,0) is where the equator intersects the prime meridian.
(0,0) is off the western coast of Africa in the Atlantic Ocean.
The origin point (0,0) is where the equator intersects the prime meridian.
(0,0) is off the western coast of Africa in the Atlantic Ocean.
See If You Can Tell In Which Quarter These Lon/Lats Are
Located
See If You Can Tell In Which Quarter These Lon/Lats Are
Located
1. 41°N, 21°E 2. 37°N, 76°W 3. 72°S, 141°W 4. 7°S, 23°W 5. 15°N, 29°E 6. 34°S, 151°E
1. 41°N, 21°E 2. 37°N, 76°W 3. 72°S, 141°W 4. 7°S, 23°W 5. 15°N, 29°E 6. 34°S, 151°E
A B
C D
Equator Latitude 0o
Latitude 23½o NorthTropic of Cancer
Latitude 23½o SouthTropic of Capricorn
Longitude 30o East
Longitude 60o East
Longitude 30o West
Longitude 60o West
Positioning on the Earth’s Surface
North Pole
South Pole
23½o 23½o
66½o 90o
900
21st June
22nd December
22nd Sept
20th March
30oE60oE90oE90oW30oW60oW
Longitude 90oEastLongitude 90o West
Prime Meridian
0o Longitude
Latitude and Longitude together enable
the fixing of position on the Earth’s surface.
Now you’re ready to find some locations
on a map!
Now you’re ready to find some locations
on a map!
Activity:Activity:
Bingo with Latitude Bingo with Latitude
Honors Assignment:Create a Map
Honors Assignment:Create a Map
You will be using a mental map to create a paper map.
The mental map will be your route to school.
Be sure to include your TODALS! You will also include step by step
written instructions.
You will be using a mental map to create a paper map.
The mental map will be your route to school.
Be sure to include your TODALS! You will also include step by step
written instructions.