Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery
-
Upload
kamal-shanto -
Category
Documents
-
view
402 -
download
12
Transcript of Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery
![Page 1: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BASIC ARMAMENTARIUM FOR MINOR ORAL SURGERY
![Page 2: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TYPES OF JOINTS
![Page 3: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Lap Joint Box Joint
Double Action Joint
![Page 4: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
TYPES OF HANDLES
![Page 5: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Ring Handle Ring handle with one extra large Handle
Grooved Handle
Grooved Handle with Horn
Hollow Handle
![Page 6: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
RETAINING SYSTEMS
![Page 7: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Ratchet Lock Single Spring
Double Spring
![Page 8: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Single Spring with Roller
Double Spring with Ball & Socket
Double Leaf Spring Sliding Ring
![Page 9: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cam Ratchet
Bar Ratchet
Bar & Wingnut
![Page 10: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
TYPES OF BLADE TIPS
![Page 11: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Blunt, Blunt Blunt, Blunt with Bevel
Sharp, Blunt Sharp, Sharp
Fine Tip Blunt Fine Tip Sharp
![Page 12: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Blunt with Retaining HookBlunt with Rounded Probe End
Serrated Dissector EndBlunt, One hook
End
![Page 13: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Fine Straight Jaw Round Jaw
Square JawStraight on Flat
Punch Upward through Cutting
Punch Upward Oblique
![Page 14: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
INSTRUMENTS CLASSIFICATION BY USAGE
![Page 15: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Surgical instruments are designed to perform either diagnostic or therapeutic operations; to locate the cause of a problem, or to treat a problem once it has been found. Each instrument is designed to perform a specific function. Those functions may be generally categorized under one of the following uses:
1. To cut or incise:Instruments used for this purpose are frequently referred to as “sharps”. They include scissors, knives, scalpels, chisels and osteotomes, among others.
2. To retract tissue:Hand-held and self-retaining retractors serve this purpose, as well as instruments such as skin and bone hooks
![Page 16: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
3. To grasp, hold or occlude:These include the many types of forceps, including hemostats, dressing and tissue forceps, as well as bone holding forceps. Also included in this group are needle holders.
4. To dilate or probe:These instruments are used to dilate or enlarge openings or to find an area or foreign object.
5. To cannulate or drain:These instruments including catheters, drains and cannulas, are generally used to drain a wound.
![Page 17: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
6. To aspirate, inject or infuse:These instruments serve to remove unwanted fluids as well as to inject needed fluids into a patient. Among these instruments are syringes, some needles, trocars and cannulas.
7. To suture or ligate:Suture or ligation is used to close or rejoin a wound or an area of operation, e.g., a vessel, a nerve or tissue. There are a variety of sutures and clips, as well as suture needles and ligating instruments.
![Page 18: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SOFT TISSUE INSTRUMENTS
![Page 19: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Scalpel Handle #4: To hold scalpel blade
Scalpel Blade Seating Area
Grooved Grip Area
Shank
Pattern Number
![Page 20: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Scalpel Blades: from right to left; # 15, #12, #11, and #
10
Mounted Scalpel Blades on Scalpel Handles
![Page 21: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Disposable Scalpel
Clinical Tip: Because scalpel blades dull rapidly after being pressed against bone they should be changed between incisions if more than one flap is to be reflected.
![Page 22: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Periosteal Elevators
Molt # 9 & Woodson # 1
Seldin
![Page 23: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Clinical Tips for periosteal Elevators
Pry Stroke: Using the tooth as a fulcrum, the sharp pointed end of the elevator is used to reflect the MPF by first prying the IDP free from the underlying bone.
Push Stroke: Using the broad end of the elevator in a push stroke, the attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa are reflected to the desired extent.
Pull Stroke: Using the periosteal elevator in a pull stroke can sometimes shred the periosteum.
Periosteal elevators are used to reflect mucoperiosteum, to loosen soft tissue from teeth before extraction, and to retract small flaps
![Page 24: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Tissue Retractors
Seldin
Austin
Minnesota
![Page 25: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Tissue Retractors: Clinical Tips
1. For small flaps, use the periosteal elevator for retraction
2. For large flaps use Minnesota or Austin retractor
3. Place retractor beneath the flap resting on sound bone
4. Avoid trapping of flap between retractor and bone
5. RETRACT PASSIVELY: no attempt is made to pull the flap out of the field
![Page 26: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Dissection Scissors: To cut and dissect tissue
Blunt, Blunt Tip
Beveled Cutting Blade with Regular Cutting Edge
Screw Lock (Lap Joint)
Shank
Finger Rings
![Page 27: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Dissection Scissors
Iris: small sharp-pointed scissors
Metzenbaum: longer, delicate, blunt-nosed scissors
![Page 28: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Operating Scissors: To cut sutures, gauze and other materials
Stitch Scissor
Operating Scissor
![Page 29: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
SCISSORS come in a tremendous variety of styles and sizes. They come in straight, curved and angular versions.
Useful Tips in Usage: 1. The curved patterns are preferred by most surgeons for dissecting, since they provide a better field of vision for the areas to be cut.
2. Straight scissors are used when a straight cut is desired, such as in sutures, nerves, vessels.
3. Scissors are also used to spread and probe the area of incision (dissection & undermining tissues). The smaller sizes are used at the surface, the larger sizes deeper in the cavities.
4. Dedicate the different types for their specific purpose for example, using fine dissecting scissors to cut suture can ruin the cutting edge.
5. Special care instructions: To maintain scissors in peak operating condition, they must be sharpened regularly.
![Page 30: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tissue Forceps: To grasp and handle soft tissue
Grooved grip area
Spring
Serrated tips Jaws
AdsonAllis: to grasp and hold
tissue that will be excised
![Page 31: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Tissue Forceps: To grasp and handle soft tissue
Russian: is specially useful
for grasping teeth that are loose in the
mouth
Pickup: is useful to handle
tissue in the posterior aspect
of the mouth
![Page 32: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
WEIDER Tongue Retractor: very useful instrument during
surgery for impacted lower third molars
Jones Towel Clamp
Foerster Dressing Forceps Backhaus Towel Clamp
![Page 33: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Hemostat: To clamp and restrict bleeders or tissue, to control the flow of blood
Fully Serrated Jaws
Box Lock
Shank
Ratchet
Finger Rings
The hemostat most commonly used in OS is curved hemostat
![Page 34: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Straight & Curved Hemostats
The Hemostat has a relatively
long delicate peak
Hartmann-Mosquito Forceps
Halsted-Mosquito Forceps
![Page 35: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Needle Holder: To hold and guide suture needles securely for suturing
Groove & Crosshatching
Jaws
Box Lock
Shank
Ratchet
Finger Rings
Scissor cutting blades
![Page 36: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Needle Holders Vs Hemostats1. Needle holders look similar to hemostats, but jaws are thicker and shorter.
2. Face of shorter beak of needle holder is crosshatched to ensure positive grip on needle but hemostat has parallel grooves that do not allow a firm grip on needle.
Needle Holder: Clinical TipsNeedle holders are available in many styles and sizes. Shorter ones are used for working close to the surface.Longer ones are for deeper cavities. The smaller the needle, the smaller the jaws of the needle holder. If the needle is too large to be held securely, select a larger size needle holder. Otherwise, the needle may slip, or the needle holder may be overstressed, causing fatigue or breakage
![Page 37: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
INSTRUMENTS FOR BONE SURGERY
![Page 38: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Bone Curette: To curette or remove soft tissue from bony cavities
Volkmann
![Page 39: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Brun
Halle
Bone Curette
![Page 40: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Bone File: for final smoothing of bone before suturing the MPF back into position
![Page 41: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Bone File: Clinical Tips
1. Use the bone file in a pull stroke, because the teeth of the file are arranged in such a fashion to remove bone only in this direction.
2. Avoid cross filing or pushing the bone file, because this results in burnishing and crushing of bone.
3. Carefully Cleanse the instrument by wiping the grooved ends with a sponge. By failure to do this, dust or chips may easily remain in the wound.
![Page 42: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Bone Rongeur: to remove bone by shearing on a planned action
![Page 43: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Bone Rongeur: Clinical Tips
1. Smaller amount of bone should be removed in each of multiple bites but never large amount of bone in a single bite.
2. A constant cleansing of the blades is necessary.
3. Rongeurs are delicate and relatively expensive therefore, NEVER remove teeth with rongeurs.
![Page 44: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Chisels and Gouges: To score, cut, scrape, and sculpt bone
![Page 45: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Osteotomes: To shape and sculpt bone, or section a toothChisels: To cut a window in the bone cortex for access or to allow harvesting of pure soft boneGouges: To scoop away strips of soft bone, especially in bone grafting
Chisels and Gouges
![Page 46: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Mallet
Plastic working end
Stainless steel working end
Shank
Phenolic handle
![Page 47: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Cheek Retractors
Farabauf Kilner
![Page 48: Basic Armamentarium for Minor Oral Surgery](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012309/544c39ccb1af9fb60f8b4eae/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)