Basic approaches used to improve productivity 5.doc
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The Human Relations Approach Some Early Developments The third strand in the development of modern management was the increase in attention to the human factors, which has become known as the 'human relations school of management.' The UK was served by some remarkable men, both of high reputation as managers as well as impressive in theoretical presentation. The small group that surrounded B. S. owntree, who did much to set out the arguments for an ethical approach to management responsibilities, was declaring sturdily that it was good business to look after the worker also. The enlightened paternalism that they offered was attractive to many in management, particularly those who saw it as a continuation of the comradeship of !irst "orld "ar. #t the $ational %nstitute of %ndustrial &sychology, r (. S. )yers !S, the irector until *+*, promoted empirical studies of industrial fatigue in particular, and employee problems in general. The inevitable professional body appeared, initially with the support of the ubi-uitous cocoa manufacturers, who were so active in promoting that combination of humanity with profit for which they have been ustly famous. #fter many metamorphoses, the "elfare "orkers' #ssociation /*+*0 was eventually to become the modern %nstitute of &ersonnel )anagement /%&)0. But ideas from the United States were also influential. 1lton )ayo's detailed and continuing work in the 2awthorne e3periments, widely publici4ed as it was, seemed to suggest that a new approach to motivation and employee care was both possible and sensible. #lthough aspects of this work were later to be -uestioned, they remained the largest and probably most influential work in this field into the *+56s. Thus by the Second "orld "ar a level of good management practice was established in the UK, principally in the professional bodies, a limited educational establishment, the body of thoughtful managers who surrounded B. S. owntree and an embryo consultant effort based on the Bedau3 (ompany and its successors, which although critici4ed had provided the most e3tensive contribution to scientific management. 7et it is easily possible to overestimate the influence of these pioneers on established practice. %n general, industrial managers remained pragmatic in outlook, suspicious of new ideas and wedded to the oversimplified notions of the past. !irms such as %(%, but without enthusiasm or success occasionally e3perimented with sophisticated organi4ational structures. $o revolution along the lines that #lfred Sloan /*89:;*+550, /Sloan /*+500 introduced at <eneral )otors was achieved. British industry preferred the simple 'one man control' system that it thought had served it so well in the past.
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Transcript of Basic approaches used to improve productivity 5.doc
8/14/2019 Basic approaches used to improve productivity 5.doc
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/basic-approaches-used-to-improve-productivity-5doc 1/2
The Human Relations ApproachSome Early Developments
The third strand in the development of modern management was the increase in attentionto the human factors, which has become known as the 'human relations school ofmanagement.'
The UK was served by some remarkable men, both of high reputation as managers aswell as impressive in theoretical presentation. The small group that surrounded B. S.
owntree, who did much to set out the arguments for an ethical approach to managementresponsibilities, was declaring sturdily that it was good business to look after the workeralso. The enlightened paternalism that they offered was attractive to many inmanagement, particularly those who saw it as a continuation of the comradeship of !irst"orld "ar.
#t the $ational %nstitute of %ndustrial &sychology, r (. S. )yers ! S, the irector until*+ *, promoted empirical studies of industrial fatigue in particular, and employee
problems in general. The inevitable professional body appeared, initially with the supportof the ubi-uitous cocoa manufacturers, who were so active in promoting that combinationof humanity with profit for which they have been ustly famous. #fter manymetamorphoses, the "elfare "orkers' #ssociation /*+* 0 was eventually to become themodern %nstitute of &ersonnel )anagement /%&)0.
But ideas from the United States were also influential. 1lton )ayo 's detailed andcontinuing work in the 2awthorne e3periments, widely publici4ed as it was, seemed to
suggest that a new approach to motivation and employee care was both possible andsensible. #lthough aspects of this work were later to be -uestioned, they remained thelargest and probably most influential work in this field into the *+56s.
Thus by the Second "orld "ar a level of good management practice was established inthe UK, principally in the professional bodies, a limited educational establishment, the
body of thoughtful managers who surrounded B. S. owntree and an embryo consultanteffort based on the Bedau3 (ompany and its successors, which although critici4ed had
provided the most e3tensive contribution to scientific management.
7et it is easily possible to overestimate the influence of these pioneers on established
practice. %n general, industrial managers remained pragmatic in outlook, suspicious ofnew ideas and wedded to the oversimplified notions of the past. !irms such as %(%, butwithout enthusiasm or success occasionally e3perimented with sophisticatedorgani4ational structures. $o revolution along the lines that #lfred Sloan /*89:;*+550,/Sloan /*+5 00 introduced at <eneral )otors was achieved. British industry preferred thesimple 'one man control' system that it thought had served it so well in the past.
8/14/2019 Basic approaches used to improve productivity 5.doc
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/basic-approaches-used-to-improve-productivity-5doc 2/2
