Basic Anatomy & Physiology. BonesProvide: Protection Support Shape.
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Transcript of Basic Anatomy & Physiology. BonesProvide: Protection Support Shape.
Basic Anatomy & Basic Anatomy & PhysiologyPhysiology
BonesBones
Provide:Provide: ProtectionProtection
SupportSupport ShapeShape
Primary JointsPrimary Joints
HipHipKneeKneeShoulderShoulderElbowElbowWrist Wrist AnkleAnkle
HipHipFemurFemurAcetabulum Acetabulum LigamentsLigamentsLabrumLabrumMusclesMuscles
HipHip
KneeKnee FemurFemur Tibia/FibulaTibia/Fibula PatellaPatella Ligaments: Ligaments:
– MCL/LCL/PCL/ACLMCL/LCL/PCL/ACL MeniscusMeniscus
ShoulderShoulder
HumerusHumerusGlenoidGlenoidClavicalClavicalScapulaScapulaLigamentsLigamentsMusclesMusclesLabrumLabrum
ElbowElbow
Humerus Humerus RadiusRadiusUlnaUlnaLigamentsLigamentsMusclesMusclesUlnar NerveUlnar Nerve
WristWrist
RadiusRadiusUlnaUlnaCarpalsCarpalsMetacarpalsMetacarpalsMedian NerveMedian NerveCarpal TunnelCarpal TunnelLigamentsLigamentsMusclesMuscles
AnkleAnkle
TibiaTibia FibulaFibula Ligaments:Ligaments:
– ATFL, PTFL, CFLATFL, PTFL, CFL– DeltoidDeltoid
TalusTalus CalcaneusCalcaneus MusclesMuscles
LigamentsLigaments
Connect Bone to BoneConnect Bone to Bone
Provide StabilityProvide Stability
Will NOT heal after injuryWill NOT heal after injury
Injured Ligament = Injured Ligament = SprainSprain
Sprained Ankle:Sprained Ankle:#1: Ant. Talofibular Lig#1: Ant. Talofibular Lig
#2: Calcaneofibular Lig#2: Calcaneofibular Lig
#3: Post. Talofibular Lig#3: Post. Talofibular Lig
CartilageCartilageCovers the end of bonesCovers the end of bones
Also located in joints, nose, and Also located in joints, nose, and earsears
General Purpose:General Purpose:– Absorb shockAbsorb shock– Reduce frictionReduce friction– Increase joint Increase joint
stabilitystability
- Provide nutrition- Provide nutritionArticular Cartilage
MusclesMuscles
Injured Muscle = Injured Muscle = StrainStrain
Common Injury Locations:Common Injury Locations:– Rotator Cuff Rotator Cuff
SupraspinatusSupraspinatus
– QuadricepsQuadricepsRectus Femoris Rectus Femoris
– HamstringsHamstringsBicep FemorisBicep Femoris
– CalfCalfGastrocnemius & SoleusGastrocnemius & Soleus
Leg MusclesLeg Muscles
Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Achilles Tendon
IT Band
Arm MusclesArm Muscles
Most Common Shoulder Injuries:Most Common Shoulder Injuries:– Rotator CuffRotator Cuff
Tendonitis, Tears, ImpingementTendonitis, Tears, Impingement
– Bicipital TendonitisBicipital Tendonitis
TendonsTendons Attach Muscle to BoneAttach Muscle to Bone
Tendons surrounded by sheath filled w/ Tendons surrounded by sheath filled w/ synovial fluid to decrease friction synovial fluid to decrease friction – TenosynovitisTenosynovitis
Injury to Tendon = Injury to Tendon = StrainStrain
Common Injury Locations:Common Injury Locations:– Achilles Achilles – BicepsBiceps– PatellarPatellar– Rotator CuffRotator Cuff
BursaBursa Small, fluid filled sacsSmall, fluid filled sacs Located between tissues to decrease Located between tissues to decrease
frictionfriction Common Injury:Common Injury: BursitisBursitis
Neurological SystemNeurological SystemControls:Controls:
– DigestionDigestion– SensationSensation– BreathingBreathing– HRHR– BPBP– Muscle ContractionMuscle Contraction– Many other functionsMany other functions
Digestive/ReproductiveDigestive/ReproductiveSystemsSystems
ULQULQ:: Stomach, Stomach, spleenspleen, L kidney, , L kidney, gut, ½ pancreasgut, ½ pancreas
URQURQ:: LiverLiver, gall bladder, R kidney, , gall bladder, R kidney, gut, ½ pancreasgut, ½ pancreas
LLQ:LLQ: Ureter, Ureter,
½ bladder, L ovary ½ bladder, L ovary LRQLRQ:: Ureter, Ureter,
½ bladder, ½ bladder, appendixappendix, ,
R ovaryR ovary
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System Path of Air:Path of Air:
– Nose/Mouth Nose/Mouth – Pharynx-Larynx-TracheaPharynx-Larynx-Trachea– BronchiBronchi– LungsLungs
Muscles of inspiration:Muscles of inspiration:– DiaphragmDiaphragm– IntercostalsIntercostals
Muscles of expiration:Muscles of expiration:– Abdominal muscles:Abdominal muscles:
Rectus abdominusRectus abdominus Internal/external obliquesInternal/external obliquesTransversus abdominusTransversus abdominus
Cardiovascular SystemCardiovascular System
Heart Heart – 2 atria2 atria– 2 ventricles2 ventricles
Vascular StructuresVascular Structures– AortaAorta– Inferior/superior Inferior/superior
vena cavavena cava– Pulmonary arteries/veinsPulmonary arteries/veins