Basic Accounting and Financial Reports Ver 1.0

8/20/2019 Basic Accounting and Financial Reports Ver 1.0

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Basic Accounting &

Financial Reports

MATA KULIAH EKONOMI PERUSAHA AN

PEMBANGKITAN TENAGA LISTRIK

P R O GR A M S T U D I T E K N I K E L E K T R O

K E L O M P O K P E M I N A TA N M A N A J E M E N K E T E N A G A L I S T R I K A N D A N E N E R G I

FAKULTAS TEKN I K

U N I V E R S I T AS I N D O N E S I A



OUR AGENDA

Introduction to Accounting

Basic Component of Accounting

Financial Reporting

Balance Sheet Structure



OUR AGENDA



Financial Reporting




What is the meaning of Accounting???

The process of identifying, measuring and communicating

information to permit judgment and decision by users of

accounts.

According to Am rican Accounting Association

The art of recording, classifying, summarizing, and reporting offinancial transactions that are occurring within a company

According to Suwarjono (2002



Accounting provides a way to collect economic informatioand report it to the interested parties

Investors to help determine whether to !"# hold# or sell his $ her in % p%rti&!l%r &omp%n"

Emplo"eesto %ssess the &omp%n"'s %ilit" to provide rem!ner%tionene(ts %nd emplo"ment opport!nities)

*reditorsto de&ide whether the %mo!nt o+ the lo%n will e p&omp%n" on the d!e d%te)

S!pplierse&%!se o+ sellin, ,oods on &redit# the" need the in+odetermine whether the &omp%n" is %le to p%" +or the &re

Governmentto determine the %mo!nt o+ t%-es th%t will e levied&omp%n")

So&iet"to identi+" trends %nd developments prosperit" o+ the &o

%ll its %&tivities



OUR AGENDA



Financial Reporting




Accounting cycle is a series of accounting activities carried outsystematically starting from the accounting records until the closinthe oo!!eeping

Step 1 Analysis of

BusinessTransaction

Step 2Make

ournal!ntries

Step "#ost to$eneral%edger

Step &#repare

TrialBalance

Step 'Make

Ad(usting!ntries

Step ) Ad(usted

TrialBalance

Step *#repareFinancial

Statement

Step +Close

Accounts

Step ,#ost-

ClosingTrial

Balance

An%l".in, the prep%re oo//e

do&!ments1

1

Re&ord %&&o!nt 2

Ad2!sted Tri%l B%&&o!nt titles the ,ener%l leentries +or %n posted to the %&&

6

M%/e %d2!stin, 25

Prep%re 4in%n&iReport# st%temeret%ined e%rninsheet1)

7

Postin, to the ,e3

A post6&losin, twhi&h is prep%r%&&o!nts in the&losed) The temin&ome st%temreven!e# e-penss!mm%r" %&&o!%l%n&e sheet %&

9

Prep%re % tri%l o+ %ll o+ the %&&oh%ve %l%n&es)

4

I+ the (n%n&i%l stA&&o!nts is &lo

8



Basic Accounting Equation shows the alance etween the amouof the company"s assets and total liailities and total e#uity

Assets=Liabilities!"uit#*!rrent Assets7- *%sh- A&&o!nt

Re&eiv%le- E5!ipment- Sto&/s# et&

Non6&!rrentAssets7- B!ildin,- Li&ense# et&

*!rrent Li%ilities7- A&&o!nts P%"%le

- B%n/ 8et 08!ed%te 9 : "e%r1

- T%-es# et&

Lon, Term Li%ilities7- B%n/ 8et 08!e

d%te ; : "e%r1- Bond 8et# et&

- Owner<sSh%reholder

- *%pit%l Sto&/)- Ret%ined

E%rnin,# et&



E$ample from %& 'ndonesia %ower



OUR AGENDA



Financial Reporting




(inancial reports generated y a company must provide enefits to parties concerned with the financial statements) Accordingly* thereseveral #uality standards that must e met)

Delivering informationto a consumer is a

very, very powerfultool. It’s giving themmore control in their

life.

$an b%nerst

Reabilit#

$an be$o'pare

Rele(an

)eutral

*n +i'e

$o'p

(n%n&i%l st%tements %re presented in % w%" th%t is e%s"

to !nderst%nd# with the %ss!mption th%t the !ser h%s h%d%de5!%te /nowled,e o+ e&onomi& %nd !siness %&tivit"

(n%n&i%l in+orm%tion provided &%n meet the needs o+!sers %nd &%n %ssist !sers in ev%l!%tin, the events o+

the p%st %nd the +!t!re

The res!ltin, (n%n&i%l in+orm%tion m!st e veri(%le" %n independent veri(er with proper

me%s!rements

(n%n&i%l st%tements &%n &omp%re (n%n&i%lst%tements etween periods# so %s to identi+" trendsin (n%n&i%l position %nd per+orm%n&e

(n%n&i%l in+orm%tion sho!ld e %ddressed to the,ener%l p!rpose !sers

the (n%n&i%l st%tements sho!ld e presented %s e%rl" %spossile# so th%t it &%n e !sed %s % %sis +or &orpor%te

de&ision6m%/in, in %&&ord%n&e with the in+orm%tion itneeds time

(n%n&i%l in+orm%tion sho!ld present %ll the (n%n&i%l +%&ts th%t%re import%nt# %s well %s presentin, the +%&ts in % w%" th%t willnot misle%d re%ders



&he financial statements are the end result of the activity of accounand summari+e transaction data in a form that is useful for decision,ma!ing [1/2]

,nco'e -tate'ent

A report showin, the&omp%n" or !sinessentit"'s %ilit" to,ener%te pro(ts in %,iven period)

1

,nco'e .....

!.pense ...../

0rot Loss

.....

-tate'ent o*ners !"uit#

A report showin,&h%n,es in owner'se5!it" d!rin, % spe&i(&time period)

2

!"uit#

Retaine!arning inearl# perio .....

0rot Loss.... /

.....

0ri(e 0a#'ent o

i(ien ..... /!"uit# in en

Balance -eet

4in%n&i%l st%tementswhi&h des&rie the(n%n&i%l &ondition o+ %&omp%n" %t % spe&i(&d%te

3

Assets

$urrentAssets ..... Lia

Fi.e Assets .....

8e

!"

Assets +otal ..... A<s



&he financial statements are the end result of the activity ofaccounting and summari+e transaction data in a form that is usefuldecision,ma!ing [2/2]

-tate'ento $asFlos

A report th%t des&riesthe &%sh in=ows 0&%shre&eipts1 %nd o!t=ows0&%sh e-pendit!res1 in %,iven period

4!.a'ple ro' 0+ ,nonesia

0oer



OUR AGENDA



Financial Reporting




'ncome -tatement* .alance -heet* and -tatement of /ash (lowsdon0t stand alone* ut interrelated in a system

Pro(t $ Loss

*%sh

Initi%lB%l%n&

eSheet

4in%lB%l%n&

eSheet

*om&on%) I) 4&) P

S

d) S4



-imply* the alance sheet is a direct illustration of the assets usedcompany and funds related to such assets

Assets

Liabilities !"uit#

!(er#tingic Are

*ne" &omp%n"

+eA'ount

*e" &omp%n"

>:??? >:???

Assets

>:???

Fi.e AssetsFA:

$urrentAssets $A:

>@??

>??

Balance -eet ;+raitional For'

Balance -eet ; FBo.es For'



.alance -heet -tructure [1/2]

Assets

Liabilities !"uit#

>:??? >:???

Fi.e AssetsFA:

L+L

*F

$L

>@??

>??

>CD?

>D?

$urrent

Assets $A:

>??2

2

$urrent Assets All -orAssets:

a< -toc 0R%w m%teri%ls# pro&essed# (nished ,ootools1

b< Accounts Recei(ablec< $as 0%n/ deposits in

se&!rities# et&1< *ters 0%ll other short

s!&h %s e%rl" p%"ment n!mer o+ &orpor%te %&

tr%de tr%ns%&tions shor

Fi.e AssetsFA:

>@??1

1Fi.e Assets All Long +a< ,ntangibles 0,oodwill#

others1b< )et Fi.e Assets 0l%n

+%&tor" %nd tr%nsport e&omp!ter# o&e e5!ipmothers1

c< ,n(est'ent 0sto&/s1



.alance -heet -tructure [2/2]

Assets

Liabilities !"uit#

>:??? >:???

Fi.e AssetsFA:

L+L

*F

$L

>@??

>??

>CD?

>D?4

All loans in Long +er' >ortgages? ebenturesbons

3

*ner Funing a< -are ,ssue

b< $apital Reser(es 0s!ro!tside the norm%l tr%dsh%reholders1

c< Re(enue Reser(es 0s+rom tr%des1

*nerFuning *F:

>D?

3

$urrent

Assets $A:

>??

Long +er'LiabilitiesL+L:

>CD?$urentLiabilities$L:

>??

4

5

5All Liabilities in -ort +e

a< Account 0a#ables thdet to s!ppliers +rom %&tivities1

b< -ort +er' Loans 0in+rom B%n/ %nd %ll sho

c< *ters 0det p%"ment

Basic Accounting and Financial Reports Ver 1.0

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Transcript of Basic Accounting and Financial Reports Ver 1.0