12 Chemistry 2.6 rxn rates, eqm, acids and bases CR 07

Bases

In aqueous solutions H2O donates H+ (H2O acts as an acid) and OH- ions are formed. In a solution where H2O donates H+ it is said to be basic or alkaline.

12 Chemistry 2.6 rxn rates, eqm, acids and bases CR 07

Ammonia solution

base acid

NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH-

not all NH3 accept H+

- in fact only a few do

12 Chemistry 2.6 rxn rates, eqm, acids and bases CR 07

Ammonia is a weak base

Ammonia is a weak base because it does not fully dissociate. The solution is basic because there are OH- ions in it.In truth there is more NH3 + H2O than NH4

+ + OH-

12 Chemistry 2.6 rxn rates, eqm, acids and bases CR 07

CO32- - Carbonate ion

CO32- + H2O HCO3

- + OH-

This is a basic solution