Based on Part 3 of Text: Organization. Extemporaneous Speaking Making Effective Presentations.
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Transcript of Based on Part 3 of Text: Organization. Extemporaneous Speaking Making Effective Presentations.
Based on Part 3 of Text:Organization
Extemporaneous Speaking
Making Effective Presentations
Making Effective Presentations
Basic Elements of a SpeechIntroductionCentral Idea (Thesis Statement)Body Main points Sub pointsConclusion
Organizing the BodyIdentify Main Points and Sub-pointsChoose the Best Organizational Pattern
Chronological-- SpatialTopicalCause-effectProblem-solutionMotivated Sequence *(motivational)
Like a sales pitch -- sequence of ideas which, by following the normal process of human thinking, motivates the audience to respond to the speaker’s purpose
Motivated SequenceAttention stepNeed stepSatisfaction step Visualization stepAction step(persuasive)
Build A “Logic Tree”
MERCURY IS THE BEST SERVICE TO DELIVER
HIGH PRIORITY PACKAGES OVERNIGHT
IT'S THE MOSTRELIABLE SERVICE.
IT'S THE MOSTCONVENIENT SERVICE.
IT'S THE MOST ECONOMICAL SERVICE
IT HAS A 98 PERCENT TROUBLE-FREE RECORD.
IT RECEIVED THE HIGHEST RATING FROM CUSTOMERS LAST YEAR.
THEY PICK UP AND DELIVER TO INDIVIDUAL OFFICES, NOT JUST THE MAILROOM.
THEY PICK UP AND DELIVER THROUGHOUT THE DAY
MERCURY'S RATES ARE LOWEST OVERALL.
MERCURY DOESN'T CHARGE EXTRA FOR LARGE OR ODDLY SHAPED PACKAGES.
Rules for Main Points
Main points should be stated as claims, declarative sentences
All points should support the thesisA presentation should contain no more
than five main points (us, usually 3)Each main point should contain only one
ideaNo complex sentences
Main points should be parallel in structure whenever possible
Our book says…
Assemble all promising informationUse a variety of tools to identify
potential pointsMain points must correspond with the
thesisUse main points that are mutually
exclusiveInclude 2-5 main pointsExpress points to reflect relationships
Common Organizational Problems
Taking Too Long to Get to the PointIncluding Irrelevant MaterialLeaving Out Necessary InformationGetting Ideas Mixed upUnclear or missing transitionsAdding info in speech that’s not in
the outline
Functions of the Introduction (attention focusing material)Capture the Listeners’ AttentionGive Your Audience a Reason to
ListenSet the Proper Tone for the Topic
and SettingEstablish Your QualificationsIntroduce Your Thesis and Preview
Your Presentation
Types of Opening Statements (attention-focusing ideas)
Ask a Question or Rhetorical Question
Tell a StoryPresent a QuotationMake a Startling StatementRefer to the AudienceRefer to the OccasionUse Humor
Orientating MaterialHistorical BackgroundDefine TermsPersonal History or Tie to TopicStill keep Intro short -- don’t get
into speech body content
Our book saysProject confidence before starting Engage the audience immediatelyProvide a psychological orientationProvide a logical orientationCreate a compact introduction
Planning the ConclusionFunctions of the Conclusion
The ReviewThe Closing Statement
Types of Closing StatementsReturn to the Theme of Your Opening
StatementAppeal for Action (inform vs. persuade)End With a ChallengeClincher connects to open -- pulls
together thesis
More ConclusionHumorous StoryRhetorical QuestionUnusual or Dramatic DeviceQuotationsSummaryIn conclusion…& close!Again -- short part of speechDON’T ASK FOR QUESTIONS
Our book says…Provide logical closureProvide psychological closureEnd your speech with a clincher
Adding Transitions (aka ‘connectives’)
Functions of TransitionsThey Promote ClarityThey Emphasize Important IdeasThey Keep Listeners’ InterestedThey are the road map* to your main ideas and supporting evidence*trip to Houston
Our book says…
Select connectives that reflect logical relationshipsInvolves which organizational pattern
‘first of all’ / “second…”
Use internal previews and summariesInternal preview: forecastingSummary: recapping
Major Speeches...Plan for 10 minute speech
Practice, record, evaluate -- realistic setting
Rough draft work in class; final draft speech outline and note card(s) – see course outline – hard copies must be stapled & note card secured
Minimum 2 prepared visual aids in each – due by 10 pm Wednesday to [email protected] (see course outline)
Visual / presentation aids (later pages) Sources and citations – References
(citations) required: increased need and use over next two speeches
Critique SpeechesSpeaker 1Speaker 2Previous: student workHere: ‘professionals’
One More Prep Issue…Thinking ahead to visual aids2 different types required in Major Speeches
Use them to enhance understanding
Talk to the audience, not the visual aid
Cite source for any that you do not make
Wi-Fi Radio Plans
Auto makers putting Internet radio tuners in cars
Home wi-fi radio
Making Money: The SoundExchange Problem NAB - SoundExchange Settlement
2006 - $.0008 2007 - $.0011 2008 - $.0014 2009 - $.0015 2010 - $.0016 2011 - $.0017 2012 - $.0020 2013 - $.0022 2014 - $.0023 2015 - $.0025
The SoundExchange Problem
Assuming 12 songs an hour times the aggregate tuning hours from previous months plus a growth rate.
KNDE example last month: 18,859 aggregate tuning hours
18,859*12*$0.0015=$339.46 for the SoundExchange fee
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If time – samples for spacing
