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Welcome to Training and Welcome to Training and Development 518Development 518

Barry Williams Ph.D.

Fall Semester

Mondays 6 - 8:30 P.M.

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TextbooksTextbooks

The Systematic Design of Instruction, Walter Dick , and Lou Carey. Fourth Edition, Harper, 1996

Essentials of Learning for Instruction, Robert M. Gagne, and Mary P. Driscoll. Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 1988

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Intro. to Instructional DesignIntro. to Instructional DesignDick & CareyDick & Carey

Chapter 1Chapter 1

Or

Is there a better way to train?

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Traditional InstructionTraditional Instruction

Instructors Learners Textbooks Where teaching is

getting content from the text into the heads of learners

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Instruction: As a Instruction: As a SystematicSystematic ProcessProcess

Views every component of instruction (teacher, student materials, and learning environment) as crucial to successful learning

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What is a system?What is a system?

A set of interrelated parts all working together toward a defined goal.

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How can a systems approach How can a systems approach improve instruction?improve instruction?

Allows you to look at– the learners, – the instructor, – the instructional materials, – and learning environment

To bring about increased learning.

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Rationale for using the Rationale for using the systems approachsystems approach

See the roles of all the components Control how they interact

– Reduces overemphasis on any one component

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Dick & Carey ModelDick & Carey Model

Assess NeedsI.D.. Goals

ConductInstructionalAnalysis

Analyze Learners & Contexts

WritePerformance Objectives

DevelopmentAssessment Instrument

ReviseInstructions

DevelopInstructionalStrategy

Develop & SelectInstructionalMaterials

Design &ConductFormative Evaluation of Instruction

Design & ConductSummative Evaluation

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Components of the Systems Components of the Systems Approach ModelApproach Model

Determine Instructional Goal Analyze the Instructional Goal Analyze Learners & Contexts Write Performance Objectives Develop Assessment Instruments Develop Instructional Strategy

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More Components of the Systems More Components of the Systems Approach ModelApproach Model

Develop & Select Instruction Design & Conduct the Formative

Evaluation of Instruction Revise Instruction Conduct Summative Evaluation

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Reasons for the effectiveness Reasons for the effectiveness of a systematic approachof a systematic approach

Focus on what the learner is to know or do The process has a linkage between each

component– especially between instructional strategy and

learning outcomes It is an empirical & replicable process with

over 25 years of research evidence

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Types of Systematically Types of Systematically Designed InstructionDesigned Instruction

Programmed instruction Learning activity packages (LAPs) Modules

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Characteristics of an Characteristics of an Instructional ModuleInstructional Module

Learner interaction with material Usually self-instructional Has an integrated theme Provides information needed to acquire

specified knowledge & skill Only one component of the curriculum Has statement of objectives

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Systems Approach Is Systems Approach Is Appropriate for:Appropriate for:

Any instructional delivery system– It is the analysis and not the delivery mode that

determines the success of the instruction. Both individualized and group instruction

– Don’t confuse design process with delivery mode

Instructors, instructional designers, trainers Business, Industry, K-12 Ed., Higher Ed.