Baroque Music 1600-1760 Centered in Germany Elaborate, complex techniques Many cantatas, concertos...
-
Upload
doris-ferguson -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Baroque Music 1600-1760 Centered in Germany Elaborate, complex techniques Many cantatas, concertos...
Baroque Music 1600-1760
• Centered in Germany• Elaborate, complex
techniques• Many cantatas, concertos
oratorios and some operas• Johann Sebastian Bach
(1685-1750)• (Mass in B Minor, St.
Matthew’s Passion)• George Frederick Handel
(1685-1759)• (Famous for his oratorio the
Messiah)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Classical Music (1730-1820)
• Shift to Austria
• Greater use of orchestras and operas
• Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809): “Master of the symphony”
• 104 symphonies• Two oratorios: The Creation
and the Seasons
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)
• Child prodigy who lived to compose numerous operas, concertos, and symphonies
• Operas such as the Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni, and the Magic Flute
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Development of the Novel
• Decisive time in the development of the novel
• Samuel Richardson– Pamela: or, Virtue
Rewarded (1740)
• Henry FieldingThe History of Tom Jones (1749)
• Daniel DefoeRobinson Crusoe (1719)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Enlightenment History• 1. Removed God even more
than the humanists did• 2. Focused on other
components besides politics• 3. Note Voltaire’s The Age of
Louis XIV• 4. Viewed history as a way
to civilize their society. Criticized religious influences--note Gibbon’s Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. “First modern historian.”
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
The High Culture of the Eighteenth Century
• What’s the difference between high and low?
• Characteristics• Increased
readership and publishing. How does this lead to independence for author’s?
• Development of magazines and newspapers for the general public– Joseph Addison and
Richard Steele’s Spectator– Female Spectator– First newspaper in London
(1702) ; by 1780 37 towns had their own papers
• Education and Universities--schools shifted focus
• Realschule in Berlin in 1747. • Wear did most scientific
discoveries occur?
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Crime and Punishment
• Punishment in the eighteenth century--shift from brutal torture to a system of rehabilitation
• Cesare Beccaria (1738-1794), On Crimes and Punishments– Punishment should serve
only as deterrent
• Punishment moved away from spectacle towards rehabilitation
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
World of Medicine
• University of Leiden: replaced the U of Padua in the early 17th-c; U. of Vienna then rose to prominence
• Royal College of Physicians--few physicians licensed• Barber-surgeons separated in the 18th century.
Surgeons began to be licensed.• Apothecaries, midwives, and faith healers--medical
care for the common people• Hospital conditions--not good.
Popular Culture • Festivals, carnivals, and fairs--carnival
• Gathering places– Taverns and Alcohol
• The gap between high culture and popular culture-- upper class abandoned popular culture between 1500 and 1800
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
• Literacy and Primary Education– Spread of literacy--increase
among the urban populations, especially the middle and upper class
– State-supported primary schools: Volkschulen in the Austrian Empire and some schools in Protestant countries (Scotland, Saxony, Swiss cantons, etc. )
– Hannah More
Enlightement Art, etc. Part 2