Barium Chloride

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BARIUM CHLORIDE

CONTENTS

SECTION I PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS SECTION II PRODUCT APPLICATIONS SECTION III INDIAN MANUFACTURERS SECTION IV IMPORT/EXPORT TRENDS SECTION V PRICE TRENDS SECTION VI INDIAN DEMAND SECTION VII BROAD OUTLINE OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS SECTION VIII RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS AND AVAILABILITY SECTION IX GLOBAL SCENARIO SECTION X DISCUSSIONS ON ECONOMIC CAPACITY, PROJECT COST AND PROFITABILITY PROJECTIONS SECTION XI SWOT ANALYSIS SECTION XII FACTORS INFLUENCING THE POSITION FOR

A NEW INDUSTRY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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SECTION I

PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS

1.1. Product characteristics Appearance Colourless crystals or monoclinic colourless

plates. Grades Technical grades of 99 to 99.5%.

Dihydrate are also available as a high purity grade(100%)

Molecular formula BaCl2 Molecular weight 208.25 Density 3.856 gm per litre 1.2. Specifications Characteristics

Technical AR grade

Assay (as BaCl2 2H2O) % by mass

99.0 to 102.0 99.0 to 101.0

Matter insoluble in water,%by mass, max

0.1 0.005

Oxidising substances (as NO3), % by mass, max

-- --

Heavy metals as Pb,mg/kg max

100 3

Iron (as Fe), % by mass,max 0.002 0.0001 Substances not precipitated by sulphuric acid, % by mass,max

0.2 0.02

Calcium and strontium salts, % by mass,max

-- 0.01

PH ( of aqueous solution) 5.0 to 8.0 5.0 to 8.0 Water soluble sulphide (as S) mg/Kg,max

20 --

Sodium (as Na), % by mass,max

-- 0.02

Sulphur compounds (as S To pass the test To pass the test Copper (as Cu), % by mass,max

0.002 --

1.3. Packing The product can be packed in clean jute bags lined with Polyethylene. Analytical reagent grade of the material shall be packed in glass bottles.

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SECTION II

PRODUCT APPLICATIONS

Sector of application Nature of application

Organic pigments Used in the manufacture of a number of organic pigments, including the two most widely used reds, Lithol Red and Red Lake C. In both cases, the Barium salt of the sulphonic acid is preferred to the corresponding sodium or calcium salt because of the brighter colour of the Barium salt. For its preparation, a solution with proper amount of Barium chloride in hot water is added to the diazo dye at the coupling stage of the process.

Heat treating baths Used in heat treating baths, because of its low melting point. Mixtures of Barium and other chlorides readily form eutectic mixtures.

Derivative products Barium salts like Barium stearate, Naphthenate, Phthalate,Citrate, and Barium sulphate.

Miscellaneous Used in Aluminium refining and boiler water treatment Barium Chloride is also used to set up porcelain enamels for sheet steel and it is used to produce blanc fixe. Used to remove sulphate ion in some eletrolytic plants, producing Chlorine, Caustic soda, Magnesium metal, or Sodium metal. A component in a flux used to prevent oxidation of molten Magnesium. Used to make "blanc fixe" for photo paper coating. Barium carbonate is an alternate raw material in this use. Used as an ingredient in case-hardening and heat-treating baths and as a flux in the manufacture of Magnesium metal. Used to precipitate Barium sulphate pigment for use in photographic paper, although Barium carbonate is preferred for this purpose.

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Used as ingredient in case hardening To precipitate Barium Sulphate pigment for use in photographic paper. In the boiler water treatment Used as a component of melt quenching baths for steel Used to set up porcelain enamels for sheet steel.

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SECTION III

INDIAN MANUFACTURERS

Barium Chloride is produced by a number of organisations largely in the unorganised sector. The manufacturers include the following. * Athiappa Chemicals (P) Ltd., A-52 & A55, PIPDIC Indl. Estate, Mettupalayam,

Pondicherry-605 009. * Digjyot Chemicals P. Ltd. 302, Tirumala Classic Road No.8, West Marredpally Secunderabad-500 028 * Kalpana Chemicals E/186, First Floor, B.G. Tower, O/s. Delhi Gate Ahmedabad-380 004 * Rayalaseema Chemicals, 141, Indl. Development Area, Cuddapah - 516 004. * Sri Annapurna Chemical Industries, Block 12, Flat No.71, Municipal Colony, Malakpet, Hyderabad - 500 036. * Siva Alkaline Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. 206, Prashant Chambers 74/78, Bhandari Street,

Bombay-400 003. * Shiv Chemicals, Near Raiyapur Gate, Darwaja, P.B.No.12, Viramgam-382 150, Gujarat, * Siva Alkaline Chemicals Pvt.Ltd., Super Chlorides Pvt. Ltd. 206, Prashant Chambers, 74/78, Bhandari Street, Vadgadi, Mumbai-400 003.

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* TCM Ltd., (Formerly Travancore Chemical & Mfg. Co. Ltd.,) P.B. No. 19, Kalamassery - 683 104

Kerala * Vishnu Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. 6-3-662/B/A, Flat No.1 Suvarna House, Sangeetnagar Colony Somajiguda, Hyderabad-500 082 Location : Urandur Srikalahasti Mandal, Chittoor * Vinayaka Crystal Products, 69/5B-Thattankulam Road, Uthangudi (Post),Madurai-625 107.

Indian installed capacity

Around 14000 tonnes per annum.

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SECTION IV

IMPORT/EXPORT TRENDS 4.1. Imports 4.1.1. Present Import level Around 250 tonnes per annum

Countrywise Imports Country

Quantity in Kgs

China P RP 237344

4.2. Exports 4.2.1 Present Export level Around 12 tonnes 4.2.2. Countrywise exports

Country Quantity in kg

Kenya 100 Malaysia 100 South Africa 10 USA 1000

4.2.3. Sample of individual exports Name of the exporters Quantity in

tonnes Value in Rs. Country Date Port

Greenstar Impex P.Ltd., 0.008 3903 Djibouti 17.09.2002 to 31.09.2002

Mumbai

Titan Pharma (P) Ltd., 0.006 471 Djibouti 20.08.2002 to 31.08.2002

Mumbai


Mumbai


Mumbai


Mumbai

Shivdial Sud & Sons 0.002 319 Djibouti 02.09.2002 to 16.09.2002

Mumbai

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SECTION V

PRICE TRENDS Basic price: Rs.25 per kg Taxes and duties Extra as applicable

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SECTION VI

INDIAN DEMAND

6.1. Sector of applications 1. Dyestuff sector 2. Heat Treatment slats/baths 3. In the manufacture of Potassium chlorate 4. Ore processing 5. Miscellaneous sector 6.2. Estimated Indian demand 8500 tonnes per annum 6.3. Pattern of sectorwise demand

6.4. Growth rate in demand 7 to 8% per annum.

Miscellaneous sector19%

Ore Processing2%

Potassium/sodium chlorate

3%

Heat treatment salts/baths

68%

Dyestuff industry8%

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SECTION VII

BROAD OUTLINE OF MANUFACTURING PROCESS Raw material Barytes Process sequence Process stages for Barium sulphide (Black ash)

Barytes

Water soluble Barium sulphide

Reduction with carbon

Barium compounds

Barytes

Crushing and mixing

Thermal reduction in rotary klin

Leaching

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Manufacture of Barium Chloride from Barium Sulphide Barium Chloride is produced by the reaction of 20wt% BaS solution with sodium chloride in an agitated reaction vessel The reaction is BaS + 2NaCl ---------------------> BaCl2 + Na2S The resulting solution contains water soluble sulphur compounds Barium sulphate and heavy metal sulphides. Water soluble compounds are removed by acidification, air-blowing or oxidation with chloride. The heavy metals are precipitated by neutralising with Barium carbonate. The insolubles are removed by filteration. The final Barium chloride is adjusted for PH and is concentrated. Evaporation and crystallisation are combined in one step owing to smalldifferences in solubility. The crystals are centrifuged and dried to anhydrous or dihydrate state controlling the temperature. Source of technology T.S. Enterprises, Works E-416 Road No.14 Vishwakarma Ind.Area, Jaipur-302 013 Rajasthan Office : A-151, Nehru Nagar, Jaipur - 302 016.

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Major plant and machinery and suppliers Name of the equipment

Name of the company

Pulveriser

ACE Pack Machines 23, V.N. Industrial Estate Bharathi Colony,Near Athiparasakthi Temple Peelamedu, Coimbatore-641 004 Frigmaires Engineers PO Box 16353, 8, Janata Industrial Estate Senapati Bapat Marg Opp Phoenix Mill, Lower Parel (W) Mumbai-400 013

Rotary kiln Veesons Boiler Engineers C-14/2, Industrial Estate, Trichy-620 015 Nadi Airtechnics EBM - Nadi International Pvt. Ltd. (An Indo-German Joint Venture) 26 and 26/3, G.N.T. Road, Erukkencherry, Chennai-600 118, Tamil Nadu

Reactors Chemitherm Plants & Systems P. Ltd., 30, Anandha Street Alwarpet, Chennai-600 018 Texel Fabricators Pvt. Ltd., 335, Sidco Industrial Estate, Ambattur, Chennai-600 098, Tamil Nadu

Leaching tank Sharplex Agro Process (I) Pvt. Ltd., 302, Hill View Industrial Estate, LBS Marg Ghatkopar (W), Bombay-400 086

Neutraliser

Sharplex Agro Process (I) Pvt. Ltd., 302, Hill View Industrial Estate, LBS Marg Ghatkopar (W), Bombay-400 086

Nutche filter Aristo Engineers J-3, Vikas Udyog Nagar, Behind Kasturi Tiwer Phatak-Goddeo Road, Bhayander (E), Thane-401 105 A.V. Industrial Plastics Corp. 202/Him Shikhar, 1st Floor, Plot No.113

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Sector 21, Near Apna Bazar Nerul, Navi Mumbai-400 706 Bifriends Engineering Works Klm College, Sant Narsi Mehta Marg, Parsiwadi, Ghatkopar (W), Mumbai-400 084

Evaporator Excel Industrial Services White House, D-111/8,Ist Main Road, Anna Nagar (East) Chennai-600 102 Alfa Laval Saunders (India) Ltd., No.18, Gill Nagar, Fist Street Chennai-600 094

Centrifuge Hydrabad Met Chem. Pvt. Ltd., 34, C.I.E., Phase II, Gandhinagar, Opp. IDPL Colony Hyderabad-500 037 Spark Engineers Pvt. Ltd., 5/332, State Bank Colony II Salem-636 004

Vacuum tray dryer V.P. Engineering Plot No.25/8, MIDC, Opp. Hindustan Petroleum, Turbhe, Navi Mumbai-400 705

Boilers Cethar Vessels Ltd., No.4, Dindigul High Road, Trichy Firetech Boilers Pvt. Ltd. No.211, 2nd Cross, 38th Main, B.T.M. Layout 2nd Stage, Bangalore-68

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SECTION VIII

RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS AND AVAILABILITY Basis: One tonne of Barium chloride Baryte : 1.67 tonnes Calcium chloride : 0.56 tonnes Coke : 0.56 tonnes Utility requirements Fuel oil 140 litres Installed power 120 HP (for the project of capacity 900 tonnes per annum) Raw Material Availability Source of supply of raw materials

Name of the raw materials Name of the company

Barytes Barytes is extensively produced from mines in Andhra Pradesh.

Deposits in tonnes Andhra Pradesh 695286 Himachala Pradesh 1536 Madhya Pradesh 280 Rajasthan 10148 Total 707250

Calcium chloride Amritha Chemicals, Namakkal Dist., Tamil Nadu Karthik Chemicals, Pudukkotai Dist., Tamil Nadu Madurai Meenakshi & Co., Madurai, Tamil Nadu Shri Shakti Industries, Chennai, Tamil Nadu Vinayaka Crystal Products,Madurai, Tamil Nadu Nandu Chemical Industries,Hubli, Karnataka

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SECTION IX

GLOBAL SCENARIO 9.1. Global use pattern of Barium chloride Brine treatment 28% Magnesium flux 11% Blanc fixe 11% Organic chemicals like Barium stearate, naphthenate, phthalate and citrate

28%

Steel heat treating 11% Miscellaneous 11% 9.2. Global players * Solvay & Cie S.A. Rue du Prince Albert 33 1050 Brussels * Sachtleben Chemie GmbH Dr.Rudolf Strasse 4 Postfach 17 04 54 D-4100 Duisburg 17 * Barium Chemicals Co. Ltd., Tekko Bldg 8-2, Marunouchi 1-chome Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100 * Sakai Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Head Office : 1-1-23, Ebisuno-cho-nishi Sakai, Osaka, 590-8502 * Veckridge Chemicals Company, Inc. 60-70 Central Avenue, South Kearny,NJ 07032

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SECTION X

DISCUSSIONS ON ECONOMIC CAPACITY, PROJECT COST AND PROFITABILITY PROJECTIONS

Economic capacity : 900 tonnes per annum Project cost : Rs.156 lakhs Assessment of project cost 1. Land S.No. Description Cost

Rs.in`lakhs

1.1 Cost of land of one acre at Rs.5.5 lakh per acre 5.5 1.2 Cost of levelling, laying internal roads/fencing and

compound wall 0.55

Subtotal 6.05 2. Building S.No. Description Cost

Rs.in lakhs

2.1 Factory building of area 350sq.m. at Rs.3500/sq.m. 11.2 2.2 Non-factory building of area 70 sq.m.at Rs.4500/sq.m. 3.15 Subtotal 14.35 3. Cost of Plant & Machinery S.No. Description Cost

Rs.in lakhs

3.1 Cost of basic plant and machinery 48 3.2 Instrumentation and control 3.6 3.3 Pipelines and valves 4.8 3.4 Structurals for erection 2.4 Subtotal 58.8 3.5 Octroi, excise duty, sales tax, etc.at 12%� 7.06 3.6 Packaging and insurance charges (2%) 1.18 3.7 Transportation charges (2%) 1.18 3.8 Machinery stores and spares (2%) 1.18 3.9 Foundation charges (2%) 1.18 3.10 Installation charges (2%) 1.18 Total cost of plant and Machinery 71.74

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4. Technical know-how fees Rs.4 lakhs 5. Miscellaneous fixed assets S.No. Description Cost

Rs.in lakhs

5.1. Electrification 4 5.2. Steam boiler and auxillaries 4.2 5.3. Water storage tank, borewell etc. 0.8 5.4. Fuel storage tank 1 5.5. Laboratory equipment 0.6 5.6. Office machinery & equipment 1 5.7. Material handling equipment, packaging machinery,

weigh balance, etc. 1.5

5.8. Diesel generator 4.5 5.9. Effluent treatment 0.6 Total 18.2 6. Preliminary & Pre-operative expenses: S.No. Description Cost

Rs.in lakhs

6.1. Preliminary expenses 0.8 6.2. Pre-operative expenses:- 6.2.1 Establishment 0.8 6.2.2 Rent rates and taxes 0.8 6.2.3 Travelling expenses 1.2 6.2.4 Interest and commitment charges on borrowings 12.5 6.2.5 Insurance during construction period 1 6.2.6 Other preoperative expenses and deposits - 6.2.7 Interest on deferred payment - Total 17.1 7. Provision for contingency Rs.8.33 lakhs 8. Working capital margin Rs. 16.35 9. Total project cost Rs. 156 10. Means of finance Promoter's contribution Rs 62 lakhs Term loan from financing institutions Rs 94 lakhs Total project cost Rs 156 lakhs

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11. Financial statements Cost of production A Variable cost

Rs. in lakhs

Raw material and utilities 109.71 Spares and maintenance 4.3 Selling expenses 11.25 Total variable cost (A)

125.26

B Fixed cost

Salaries and wages 18 Interest on term loan and working capital loan 25.69 Depreciation 9.53 Administrative expenses 6.75 Total fixed cost (B)

59.97

C. Total cost of production E (A+B)

185.23

D. Selling price per kg. (in Rupees)

25

E. Annual sales turnover C

225

F. Net profit before tax (E-C)

39.77

G. Breakeven point in %

60%

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SECTION XI

SWOT ANALYSIS

Strength Abundant availability of raw material Weakness Environmental issues Opportunity Export market Threat Competitive conditions

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SECTION XII

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE POSITION FOR A NEW INDUSTRY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Barium chloride is an important intermediate chemical with the growing demand The basic raw material namely Barytes is available in India in large quantity. Barium chloride can be set up in multi product facility, where other Barium chemicals can also be produced. Considering the growth in demand and export opportunity, the project can be favourably considered.

Barium Chloride

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