for the beneficial tillage

BARBELO

BarbelAgro Project…agriculture thereafter…

Web: http://www.barbelagro.org

...about the technology, the implement & the theory behind...

Our Team

Agriculture in the XXIst century

SOIL

Air4 – 40 %

Minerals43 – 45 %

Organic matter5 – 7 %

Water10 – 46 %

Soil ingredients

http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange2/current/lectures/land_deg/land_deg.html

Symptoms Reasons PillsInanitio Lack of minerals Fertilizers

Intrauterin retardatio

Stress, ChemicalsEating disorders

GMO

Candida /Vermititis

BacteriasParasites

Pesticides

OedemaDehydration

Water cycle problem

SubsoilerIrrigation

Psoriasis Stress Under development

Asphyxia Dust allergy Under development

Illness? Doctor! Doctor!! …

Doctor!!!!!

Compacted layersPlough pan

Temperature

Water cycle

Air / Wind

Soil qualityand quantity

Reduced organic matter

Agricultural problems

Accretion of Carbon loss

Growing wind erosion

Increasing soil stress

Accumulating compaction

Reducing soil organic matter

Intensification of soil degradation

Image source: http://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/pyramid-scheme.html

Several soil working phases

Open soilsurface

Ploughdisk & weight

Dust

Soil working problems

Intensification of soil degradation

Increasing agricultural energyconsumption

Destroyed water-, air- and temperature cycles

http://slideplayer.hu/slide/2146069/

Amplified humus decomposing processes

Slowed microbial activity, water & nutrient intake

Decreasing organic fertilizer decom-position efficiency

Com

pact

ion

& p

loug

h pa

n

Higher exposure erosion & deflation

Effects of compaction

“The water balance of the soil defines the air - and heat management, the biological activity

and - through them – also the nutrient management of the soil.”

Prof. György Várallyay

Hungarian Science Academy

RainIrrigation

100 %

Evapotranspiration ~ 35-40 %

Infiltration ~ 50 %

Interflow & deep infiltration ~ 4 - 40 %

Stored ~ 10 – 46 %

Runoff ~ 10 - 15 %

Source: Dr. Fekete Zoltán, http://erdeszetilapok.oszk.hu/00189/pdf/EL_1957_02_58-62.pdfhttp://salem.njaes.rutgers.edu/nre/agriculture/agriculture.htmLdr. Sebestyén Endre, http://www.agraragazat.hu/cikk/aszalykar-vizhiany-talajhiba-helytelen-agrotechnikahttp://water.usgs.gov/edu/graphics/wcinfiltrationsoilzone.gif

Well balanced water cycle

Indisponablewater

2 – 33 %

Soil-stored water

10 – 46 %

Disponablewater

8 – 16 %

+

Image source: http://www.ag.unr.edu/nowak/NRES%20406/Spring15/Feb23_2015_EnvRsp_II_HOs.pdfData source: Dr. Varga Csaba, http://zeus.nyf.hu/~tkgt/okse/tatata08/tata0811.pdf

=

Well-balanced water storage

Disponable water (available)

Indisponable water(unavailable)

Gravitation water

Capillary water

Ground water / Water table

Adsorpted (physically bonded) water

Chemically bonded water

Biologically bonded water

Source: http://www.pkkft.hu/agrarium/eloadas/nov2.pdf

Types of soil-stored water

RainIrrigation

100 %

Evapotranspiration ~ 35-40 %

Infiltration ~ 50 %

Interflow & deep infiltration ~ 4 - 40 %

Stored ~ 5 – 31 %

Runoff ~ 10 - 15 %

Source: Dr. Fekete Zoltán, http://erdeszetilapok.oszk.hu/00189/pdf/EL_1957_02_58-62.pdfhttp://geography.hu/mfk2012/pdf/Rakonczai_Janos.pdfhttp://water.usgs.gov/edu/graphics/wcinfiltrationsoilzone.gif

compaction

- 50-67 % decreasing

{+ 5 - 15 %increasing

Water cycle problems

Misbalanced water cycle

Intensification of soil degradation

Growing water erosion

Shrinking water table level

Decreasing infiltration depth

Diminishing soil permeability

Destroyed water cycle

Image source: http://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/pyramid-scheme.html

Com

pact

ion

& pl

ough

pan

Water cycle problems

http://extension.missouri.edu/explore/images/g01509art01.jpghttp://www.ic.ucsc.edu/~wxcheng/envs23/lecture9/Erosion_process.jpg

+ Inland water

Various water erosion types

http://cdn.szeged.hu/media/.thumbs/belviz/644_belviz10.jpeghttp://www.agraragazat.hu/sites/default/files/styles/cikkkep/public/trakt_belviz.jpg?itok=aQDPwMblhttp://hirado.cms.mtv.hu/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2015/02/DROTI20150209010.jpg

Inland water / inundation

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242194191_A_belviz-veszelyeztetettseg_talajtani_osszefuggesei_a_Bekes-Csanadi_loszhaton

Constant or slightly changing factors

* relief

* soil conditions

* geological conditions

Time-varying meteorological and hydrological factors

Human interventions

* agricultural interventions

(compacted layers & pans)

* drainage canals

* land use

* melioration

* town planning (sewer)

Why inland inundation appears?

Upper 1 m of soil in Hungary ideally: - could infiltrate 35-45 km3 water - could store 25-35 km3 water

Compacted soil – 30 cm from upper surface in Hungary: - infiltrates 21-27 km3 water -60 % - stores 18-25 km3 water -30 %

Average annual rainfall – 50-55 km3 !

Rough estimated difference

14 – 18 km3

http://www.mdpi.com/entropy/entropy-17-04454/article_deploy/html/images/entropy-17-04454f1-1024.png

Effect of compaction on water cycle in Hungary...

Where that water is going?

http://sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/H2O-On-the-Go/Sci-Media/Images/The-water-cycle

Image source: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MEDIA/nrcs142p2_049821.jpg

http://data.worldbank.org

Uruguay 82 %Saudi Arabia 81 %Kazakhstan 80 %

46 %

19 %

31 %

34 %41 %

31 %

Agricultural land areas

Tillage

NO Tillage

ContinentLand area

[M ha]

Agricultural land

[M ha]

Degraded agricultural land

[M ha]

Percentage [%]

Europe 1050,8 433,20 18,29 4,22

Asia 4441,1 1522,21 138,86 9,12

Africa 3031,9 1399,95 116,26 8,3

North-America 2151,5 412,36 47,54 11,53

South-America 2056,6 640,39 20,72 3,24

Australia 851,0 263,47 4,8 1,82

https://www.env.go.jp/en/nature/desert/global_2.html

...fo

od fo

r

346,

47 m

illio

n

hum

ans.

..

Soil degradation & causes

Image source: http://www.fao.org/nr/lada/gladis/gladis_db/downl.php

“I am pessimistic about the human race because it is too ingenious for its own good. Our approach to nature is to beat it into submission. We would stand a better chance of survival if we accommodated ourselves to this planet and viewed it appreciatively, instead of skeptically and

dictatorially.”

(E.B. White)

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/tillage-what-metin-kaan-uygunt%C3%BCzel

Main tillage technologies

http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/4/4/938/htmhttp://www.advancefarming.com/image/tractor_graphic_for_threat.jpg

Tillage machinery

TillageTillage

Reduced Reduced TillageTillage

NO NO TillageTillage

BARBELOBARBELO

today

aftertomorrow

Our role in the agricultural pyramid

http://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/4/4/938/htm

Soil fertilitySoil erosion regulation

Wind erosion regulation

Biodiversity

Sustainable Agri. Value

Food Forage

Weed control

Pest regulation

Soil moisture retention

Climate regulation

0

5

Tillage QA & QC

Barbelo-technology

0-1

0

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-20

20

-30

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-40

40

-50

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-60

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-70

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-80

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-90

90

-10

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40

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>5

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45

Fertilizers (ton/1000 ha) Power (Fertilizers (ton/1000 ha))

Total amount of fertilizers [ton / 1000 ha]

Nu

mb

er

of c

ou

ntr

ies

Usage of fertilizers worldwide in 2010

Data source: http://faostat3.fao.org

AVG: 126.69 kg / ha (94.51 kg / ha)STDEV: 434.52RANGE: 5117 (!)

TOP 3 Qatar: 5117.5 Trinidad and Tobago: 1536.68 New Zealand: 1096.96

0-1

1-2

2-3

3-4

4-5

5-6

6-7

7-8

8-9

9-10

11-1

2

12-1

3

13-1

4

14-1

5

15-1

6

>16

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Number of countries Power (Number of countries)

Pesticides used 1990-2010 [ton / 1000 ha]

Nu

mb

er

of c

ou

ntr

ies

Usage of pesticides worldwide 1990-2010

AVG: 3.99 kg / haSTDEV: 343.52RANGE: 68

Data source: http://faostat3.fao.org

TOP 3 Bahamas: 68.36 Mauritius: 31.02 Barbados: 27.94

Cumulated amount of agrochemicals

World average agrochems130.68 kg / ha

Unexploited avg pesticides*3.59 kg / ha

*http://www.kia.hu/konyvtar/szemle/55_f.htm

Epigenetic trans-generation inheritance

Fetal deathSerious human health issues

Air pollution

Water pollution worldwide

Mis balanced (soil) fauna

Image source: http://www.canstockphoto.com/illustration/pyramid-scheme.html

Hum

anki

nd

Effects of pesticides

Unknown synergy effectsEnvironmental mutations

Agrochemicals cycle

http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/wat3350

Compaction

More compactionMore pesticidesMore fertilizers

Global warming Desertification

Hunger

Water pollution

Climate change Flood

Consequences if we won't do anything

“Farm machinery needs to be intelligent, lean, precise and efficient in order to

minimize the impact on the soil and the landscape.”

FAO, 2014

http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/212184/icode/

...complicated &

difficult...

...to understand, properly select and use different machines and technologies

...ineffective&

expensive...

...too many machines and processes, more-and-more agrochemicals, less profits

...unsustainable&

destructive...

...causing climate and human catastrophe while destroying “food peel” of our world killing the future of our grandchildren

Being a farmer could be...

Brand new tillage equipment and technology

One machine is enough doing all soil working

1 StressStep instead of many

1 step preparing ideal seedbed from the straw covered topsoil breaking

compacted layers & plough/disk pans

Helps healing the soil with giving back homogeneously the straw

Barbelo's features

● prepares a homogeneous, 20-50 cm seedbed-quality soil by cutting and mixing a straw-covered topsoil in a single operation in the whole working depth (20-50 cm)

● Barbelo breaks existing compacted layers & pans within the working depth without causing additional soil compaction

● small energy consumption● makes minimal amount of dust due to tillage● causes minimal stress to the soil● could raise foreign objects out of the soil without any serious damage of the implement● quasi-independent on the weather● decreases the effect of water erosion including inland inundation● minimizes carbon-loss closing the soil immediately● reduces weediness● with homogeneously mixed organic fertilizer it helps naturally to get the soil balance

again (water-, air- and heat management & organic matter)● gives higher yields● after the process the optimized crumbly structure of the soil will be kept● customizable for different crops and tillage systems

Why the Barbelo-technology is beneficial?

Profitable - reduced investment & higher yields

Efficient - less work & more time

Beneficial – healing the soil

Sustainablehttp://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0369/6129/products/detach_stack.jpeg?v=1391958789

Flexible - adaptable/customizable to different cultivates & tillage systems

Barbelo-technology's benefits

In 2012, the first Barbelo prototype was tested in a comparative trial with conventional tillage farming in a corn field in Hungary.

Testing results

Corn yields

Conventional: 3.5 tons/haBarbelo: 5.3 tons/ha

Patent application (HU)

Hungarian Novelty Report

26th December 2015

22nd March 2016

18th April 2016Technology design & image

(webpage, presentations)

Year 2016Meetings in order to build the network

Current situation

Patent Application

Applied in December 2015 in Hungary

SubjectAgricultural soil working machine & technology described by ● 35 claims● 31 drawings

Hungarian Novelty Report

Received on 22nd of March 2016, referred 6 patent documentation dated between 1943-2012 mainly in other fields

Official analysis: Novelty: 24 claims out of 35 Applicability: 35 claims out of 35 Inventability: none out of 35

Looking forward for...

● manufacturing partners in order to produce Barbelo● Research Institutes and Universities (professors, PhD's,

researchers, PhD candidates) willing to cooperate in testing processes analyzing all of the effects of Barbelo

● governments & ministries responsible for agriculture & environment

● farmers interested in sustainable agricultural practices

● foundations working for a better world● non-governmental organizations● etc...

Contact us!

TillageReduced Tillage

NO Tillage