Bangarang Musical Engineering

Bangarang Musical Bangarang Musical EngineeringEngineering

University of Notre Dame University of Notre Dame Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Department of Aerospace and Mechanical

EngineeringEngineeringGroup Members: Roberto Ayala, Ryan Bradley, Pat Group Members: Roberto Ayala, Ryan Bradley, Pat

Fox, Matt Medlock, Mike Tieu Fox, Matt Medlock, Mike Tieu

Outline of PresentationOutline of Presentation

Project Overview and ObjectivesProject Overview and Objectives Concept SelectionConcept Selection Identification of Technical Challenges and Identification of Technical Challenges and

Feasibility IssuesFeasibility Issues Prototype Creation Prototype Creation Feasibility AssessmentFeasibility Assessment ConclusionsConclusions

Project ObjectivesProject Objectives

Task: Develop an innovative musical Task: Develop an innovative musical instrumentinstrument

Requirements:Requirements:

-- Play in an automated and manual -- Play in an automated and manual fashionfashion

-- Utilize embedded intelligence-- Utilize embedded intelligence

Concept SelectionConcept SelectionInitial Concepts and Design ConsiderationsInitial Concepts and Design Considerations

Air Guitar ConceptAir Guitar Concept Fan Sound GenerationFan Sound Generation

Key Design Considerations for Final ConceptKey Design Considerations for Final Concept

-- Enable disabled people to play a new instrument-- Enable disabled people to play a new instrument

-- Generate mechanical sound-- Generate mechanical sound

Concept SelectionConcept SelectionTarget Market IdentificationTarget Market Identification

Initial Target Market: People suffering from motor-Initial Target Market: People suffering from motor-skill skill disabilitiesdisabilities

Confirmed from meeting with physical therapist Confirmed from meeting with physical therapist

-- “Call-and-response” method of rehabilitation-- “Call-and-response” method of rehabilitation

Target market now includes neuro-rehabilitiation Target market now includes neuro-rehabilitiation capabilitiescapabilities

Concept SelectionConcept SelectionFinal Design ConceptFinal Design Concept

Group chose to pursue a mechanically operated drum setGroup chose to pursue a mechanically operated drum set

Features:Features:-- Two Drums Sticks-- Two Drums Sticks

-- Two Actuators-- Two Actuators

Key Technical Challenges and Feasibility Key Technical Challenges and Feasibility IssuesIssues

Drum stick actuating mechanismDrum stick actuating mechanism

-- Solenoid Selection-- Solenoid Selection Selection of pressure sensorsSelection of pressure sensors Drum stick material selectionDrum stick material selection Minimizing system response timeMinimizing system response time Generating variable volumeGenerating variable volume


Selection of Drum Stick ActuatorSelection of Drum Stick Actuator

Five actuating options considered:Five actuating options considered:-- solenoid, linear motor, rotary/servo motor, -- solenoid, linear motor, rotary/servo motor,

stepper motor, pneumatic systemsstepper motor, pneumatic systems

Merit based comparison:Merit based comparison:-- cost, estimated response time, durability, -- cost, estimated response time, durability,

variable force controlvariable force control

Selected a push solenoid as the actuating Selected a push solenoid as the actuating mechanismmechanism

Key Technical Challenges and Feasibility Key Technical Challenges and Feasibility

IssuesIssues Solenoid SelectionSolenoid Selection Investigate stick tip velocity and actuation force through two Investigate stick tip velocity and actuation force through two

trade trade studies studies

Requirements:Requirements:-- 65 dB of sound output-- 65 dB of sound output-- Stick tip velocity of 7 ft/s-- Stick tip velocity of 7 ft/s

Selected a solenoid with a stroke length of 1.0 ” and 5 lbf of Selected a solenoid with a stroke length of 1.0 ” and 5 lbf of pushing pushing forceforce-- Attached a spring with constant 3.34 lb/in to recoil stick-- Attached a spring with constant 3.34 lb/in to recoil stick


Pressure SensorsPressure Sensors

A trade study investigated the force exerted A trade study investigated the force exerted during during finger tapping finger tapping

Selected 0 to 1 lb pressure sensorsSelected 0 to 1 lb pressure sensors

Average Tapping Force (lbs)Average Tapping Force (lbs)

FingerFinger IndexIndex MiddleMiddle RingRing PinkyPinky

Force (lbs)Force (lbs) 0.2990.299 0.3630.363 0.3100.310 0.2600.260

Key Technical Challenges and Feasibility Key Technical Challenges and Feasibility Issues Issues

Drum Stick Material SelectionDrum Stick Material Selection

Study conducted in Study conducted in order to determine the order to determine the drum stick tip material drum stick tip material

Selected wood as the Selected wood as the materialmaterial-- Greatest slope-- Greatest slope

Velocity, Force, and Material StudyVelocity, Force, and Material Study

MaterialMaterial WoodWood ¾” ¾” steelsteel

¼” ¼” steelsteel

AlAl PlasticPlastic

Slope (dB-s/ft)Slope (dB-s/ft) 1.451.45 0.740.74 1.201.20 1.191.19 0.460.46


Minimizing System Response TimeMinimizing System Response Time

Electrical response from sensors was negligible (5 Electrical response from sensors was negligible (5 µs)µs)

Main contributor was mechanical responseMain contributor was mechanical response-- Solenoid push-- Solenoid push

-- Stick recoil-- Stick recoil


Generate variable volumeGenerate variable volume Desired to create three different volumesDesired to create three different volumes

-- Pressure Sensor-- Pressure Sensor

-- Microcontroller-- Microcontroller

-- DC Solenoid-- DC Solenoid

Utilized three Utilized three different different microcontroller microcontroller pins to output pins to output variable volume variable volume commandscommands

Prototype CreationPrototype CreationCAD ModelingCAD Modeling

CAD model created to visualize the CAD model created to visualize the prototypeprototype

Prototype CreationPrototype CreationCritical FunctionsCritical Functions

Will prove concept feasibility in the following areas:Will prove concept feasibility in the following areas:-- Generate variable volumes greater than 65 dB-- Generate variable volumes greater than 65 dB

-- Function both manually and autonomously-- Function both manually and autonomously

-- Operates at a minimum rate of 1 beat/s-- Operates at a minimum rate of 1 beat/s

Additional goals:Additional goals:

-- Robust design-- Robust design

Budget Requirements:Budget Requirements:-- Maximum $500-- Maximum $500

-- Actual Cost - $432-- Actual Cost - $432

Prototype CreationPrototype CreationManufacturingManufacturing

-- Striving towards a prototype with complete adjustability

Frame Mount

Clevis

Prototype CreationPrototype CreationCompleted PrototypeCompleted Prototype

Prototype CreationPrototype CreationDemonstrationDemonstration

Feasibility AssessmentFeasibility Assessment Prototype effectively demonstrated product feasibilityPrototype effectively demonstrated product feasibility Scored 95/100 on team-developed performance requirementsScored 95/100 on team-developed performance requirements

Prototype Strengths:Prototype Strengths:-- Pressure sensor effectiveness-- Pressure sensor effectiveness-- Minimum mechanical complexity-- Minimum mechanical complexity-- System response time-- System response time-- Packaging and presentation-- Packaging and presentation-- Robust-- Robust

Prototype Weaknesses:Prototype Weaknesses:-- Circuit assembly problems-- Circuit assembly problems-- Extra sound from solenoid actuation and contact with -- Extra sound from solenoid actuation and contact with mountmount-- Over weight limit-- Over weight limit

ConclusionsConclusions

Product has high market Product has high market potentialpotential

Group believes that Group believes that product will be successfulproduct will be successful

Prototype demonstrates Prototype demonstrates product feasibilityproduct feasibility

Final Product Changes:Final Product Changes:-- Drum size-- Drum size

-- Circuit design-- Circuit design

Questions????Questions????

Questions Asked:Questions Asked: Question: How important was it to return the stick to its Question: How important was it to return the stick to its

original position?original position? The stick had to be returned to its initial position to be able The stick had to be returned to its initial position to be able

to change the volumes at which the drum played. If the drum stick to change the volumes at which the drum played. If the drum stick did not return to its initial position, the variable force firing of the did not return to its initial position, the variable force firing of the solenoid would have little to no effect on the stick tip velocity, thus solenoid would have little to no effect on the stick tip velocity, thus making it impossible to change the volume.making it impossible to change the volume.

Additionally, the stick had to return to its original position Additionally, the stick had to return to its original position because otherwise, it would not create sound. If the drum stick because otherwise, it would not create sound. If the drum stick remained in contact with the drum head, the firing of the solenoid remained in contact with the drum head, the firing of the solenoid would not generate sound. The stick would be driven through the would not generate sound. The stick would be driven through the drum head.drum head.

Question: How durable was the spring?Question: How durable was the spring? The spring was effective for our use. The design team feels The spring was effective for our use. The design team feels

that because of the spring constant, the durability of the spring that because of the spring constant, the durability of the spring would not be an issue.would not be an issue.

Question: How easy would it be to add components?Question: How easy would it be to add components? Adding components would be a significant challenge that Adding components would be a significant challenge that

would need to be thought out. By adding more components, the would need to be thought out. By adding more components, the weight of the design would be significantly increased, which would weight of the design would be significantly increased, which would cause the apparatus to be difficult to move around. Additionally, to cause the apparatus to be difficult to move around. Additionally, to fit the design through a set of doors, one could not extend the size of fit the design through a set of doors, one could not extend the size of the frame to include more components. This question requires much the frame to include more components. This question requires much more thought, and would need to be fully investigated if pursuing more thought, and would need to be fully investigated if pursuing the product.the product.

Question: Have you performed a patent search?Question: Have you performed a patent search? We have not performed a patent search. We are pursuing We have not performed a patent search. We are pursuing

undergraduate design competitions in an effort to get the design undergraduate design competitions in an effort to get the design noticed.noticed.

Bangarang Musical Engineering

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