Russia & the Republics. Russia & the Republics Physical Geography.
Banana Republics
Transcript of Banana Republics
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UNITED FRUIT CO.Presented By
Hayden SantimanoCLAS
Part I
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Genesis
Bananas unknown unt
il 1866
Captain Baker, Andrew Preston & Minor Keith form UFC on March
1899 UFC purchases Boston Fruit Company and associates & Keith's prop
Expanded cultivation by purchasing land
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THE BANANA SUPPORT INDUST
International Railways of Central America (IRCA)
Interdependency between both
Transcontinental railroads dream
United fruit company acquired favors like
Land grants &
Duty exemptions
The Railways
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Andrew Preston created United's Great White Fleet
1899 chartered four new ships (the Admiral Dewey, Admiral Schley, A
Sampson, and the Farragut)
1903 the S.S. Venus 1st
refrigerated ship 1904, United first to put commercial radio on shipboard
By 1933 had fleet of 95 refrigerated ships
1913, Tropical Radio Telegraph Company was incorporated as a subs
of United Fruit
The Waterways
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49
53
2787
94
C.A. & Caribbean EconomiesDependent on US Before WW II
Costa Rica
DominicanRepublic
Guatemala
Honduras
Panama
53
62
50
67
55
C.A. & Caribbean Boug
Before WW II
Very low level of diversification
By 1913, fifty per cent of Costa Rican exports were bananas and thirty-five per c
Guatemalan exports depended on eighty-four per cent on coffee and six per cen
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American Mare Nostrum, 1900-19
Early 20th century, the Central American and Caribbean countries un
American influence as the US paid countries foreign debt with Euro
powers
America has also used force to protect their interests
General Treaty of Peace and Amity - countries committed themselve
non-intervention in their neighbors affairs, and non-recognition of n
elected governments
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Honduras
2ndlargest banana exporter in Central America from 1900 until 1916 after that
General Terencio Sierrasdictatorship(1899-1903)
Manuel Bonilla(1903-1907)
General Miguel Dvila(1907-1911 nationalist)
Manuel Bonilla
General Tiburcio Caras(1932-1949) permitted reduced wages
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Honduras
Manuel Glvez (1949-)
created the countrys first income tax, health insurance, social security, and hour day
May 1954 workers on strike, because of its peaceful nature more support
Government declared itself neutral in this conflict
U.S. government saw this strike as steps towards a Communist insurrection
June 1954 agreement reached 21 % wage increase (from the original 71% dby the workers) and health care for the workers families
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Guatemala
General Manuel Estrada Cabrera(1898-1921)
1901 - Gave United Fruit transportation concession over the Puerto
(in the Atlantic Coast)and New Orleans 1904 - Granted the IRCA a 99-year concession over construction an
management from Guatemala City with Puerto Barrios
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Guatemala
General Jorge Ubico(1930-1944)
The Indians called his The Father
Ordered to work for local landowners at least 100 days a year
Legal for the landowners to murder stubborn or rebellious Indians (rracism)
Paranoid of Communist conspiracies
1930 UFC dropped the port project to not compete with IRCA but
keep land
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Guatemala
After 1944 military junta: - ended censorship, forbade presidential re
for more than two periods, classified racial discrimination as a crime,
established a 40-hour work week, forbade payment to the workers inchangeable for goods at the landowners store and legalized labor uni
Juan Jose Arvalo(1944-1949)
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Guatemala
Captain Jacobo Arbenz(1951-1954)
Established the first income tax in Guatemala & created government
Built roads, ports and hydroelectricity
1951 the IRCA Annual Report included a Labor Relations
In 1952 Land Reform passed
If the landowners had not cheated on their tax forms, they would ha
amounts they were demanding
Carlos Castillo Armas(1954-1957)
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UFCs DeclineHome Reasons
Banana consumption replacedby canned fruits
Anti-trust regulations by gettingrid of some of its lands
Moodys rating
State Reasons
First permanent expropriationsby Fidel Castro in 1959
Costa Rica passed a newlegislation that forcedsignificant increase in wages
External Reasons
In 1970 United Fruit mergedwith AMK Corporation
creating a new company:United Brands
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Conclusion
All dictators & UFCs relations started of with good intentions
Less democratic a government, the more inclined to accommodate it
interests of United States and the United Fruit Co.
Dictators helped United Fruits business, and United Fruit helped theremain in power
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Bibliography
Good dictator, bad dictator - Marcelo Bucheli University of Illinois a
Urbana
The case of United Fruit Company in Latin AmericaStacy May an
Plaza
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Thank You For Listening (or not)
Go Bananas!!!!!