Bad Bugs Begone - Pest Control in Your Garden

Bad Bugs Begone

Independence GardensPortland, OR

January 2012© Independence Gardens LLC

Download the handout that goes along with this slideshow!

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Tuesday, January 31, 2012

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What We’ll Cover TodayIntro

we are Independence Gardens• We build raised beds, chicken coops,

terraces, trellises, & other garden infrastructure

• Help with garden design & planning, cleanup, prep, and installation

• Teach edible gardening classes

• & make Doo Tees!


Topics We’ll Cover• What “bugs” us most• Soil ➔ plant health• Right plant/right place• Plants’ friends are yours, too• IPM hierarchy• Less-toxic control• Take-home message(s)

What We’ll Cover TodayPreview

Got Questions? Please ask as we go along.


What We’ll Skip TodayAnd Some Other Options“Favorite” garden pests

Slugs Aphids Squirrels

Cats

Scale

Powdery MildewRaccoonsMoles


And Some Other OptionsSlugs


And Some Other OptionsAphids


And Some Other OptionsScale


And Some Other OptionsPowdery mildew


And Some Other OptionsWho, me?


And Some Other OptionsRaccoons


And Some Other OptionsMoles, squirrels, etc.


Why Compost?An ounce of prevention...

• “Being there”- Observation, then

intervention

• Focusing on soil and plant health

• Right plant/right place

• Weeding and general cleanliness


Bene!cial insectsGround beetle

“Ladybug”

Lacewing

Hover!ies

Praying mantis

Wasp

Rove beetlePirate bug


Companion planting

• Guilds• Form/

function• Deterrents• Trap crops


IPM: Integrated Pest Management

• Focus on control, not eradication- Monitoring- Identifying- Establishing

tolerance level- Developing a pest

management strategy

- Evaluating results


Hierarchy of response

• 1-Cultural• 2-Physical• 3-Biological• 4-Chemical


• How you choose to grow your plants ma!ers- Choose disease-resistant varieties- Put the right plant in the right place- Use best practices for watering and

feeding your plants- Keep the garden clean- Implement a crop rotation- Plant plant companions

1-Cultural


2-Physical

• Hand-picking• Spraying with water• Pruning• Barriers• Diatomaceous earth• Vacuuming• Mulching• Tilling• Trapping


3-Biological

• Bene"cial insects• Nematodes• Bt• Encouraging animals that

prey on pests (garter snakes, frogs, and ducks) by providing appropriate habitat


4-Chemical

• Insecticidal soap• Horticultural oils• Botanical

insecticides• Inorganic

insecticides• And if all else fails

and you still have a major problem...


Organic products

• Look for control products that are OMRI-listed

• ALWAYS read the label and ALWAYS follow instructions

• Wear your PPE (personal protective equipment)!


Common pitfalls

• Time constraints• Lack of consistency• Discomfort with

eliminating living things

• Proper technique• Trying to eliminate

ALL pests


A Pocket Guide

Common Natural Enemies

of Crop and Garden Pestsin the Pacific Northwest

Determine the relative populations of pests and

natural enemies with preliminary monitoring. Then

use the following tactics to enhance biological

control as part of an IPM program.

! Protect natural enemies from disturbances

such as pesticides, other management

practices, their own natural enemies

(e.g., ants), or adverse environmental

conditions.

! Provide supplementary nectar or pollen

sources, alternate hosts, or shelter.

! Manipulate the behaviors of natural enemies

with attractants or with plant structure and

arrangement.

! Augment natural enemy populations with mass

releases of lab-reared individuals.

! Introduce natural enemies that are

absent from the area.

Biological Control Lady Beetles

(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

3

Observation tipsAll stages found on plants.

Predacious activityAdults and larvae prey onaphids, scale insects, mites,and other small insects.

Similar beetles

Adalia bipunctata

IdentificationAdults orange to redwith black spots, ormostly black; larvaelonger; eggs inclusters.

larva

pupa

eggs

Coccinella

novemnotata

Hippodamia

convergensOlla abdominalis

Chrysomelid beetles

Using this Guide

The cards in this guide are designed to help

you quickly learn the main groups of natural

enemies of crop and garden pests, their

predacious activity, and tips for observing them.

Photographs are of the most common species in

the Pacific Northwest.

Use this guide as a field supplement to other

publications that provide more detail on how to

scout for and manage specific pests and natural

enemies.

Print each sheet on regular paper or cardstock.

Then fold on the central horizontal line and cut

on the dotted orange lines to create three 2-sided

cards. (Laminate if needed.)

Most of the photographs in this pocket guide arefrom the Ken Gray collection.

All other photographs are from the author.

2

! When doing visual counts, also inspect the

undersides of leaves.

! Approach fast-moving insects slowly, or

use nets, beating trays, and traps to get a

closer look.

General Observation Tips

4 6

Green and Brown Lacewings

(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae)

Green lacewings, e.g., Chrysopa californica

IdentificationLight green orbrown, largewings, longantennae; larvaeflat with longmouthparts;eggs on stalks.

eggs

larva

ObservationtipsAdults often seenflying or on plants;eggs and larvae onplants. Brown lacewings, e.g., Hemerobius spp.

Predacious activityLarvae and adults mostly prey on aphids,mealybugs, and other small insects.

1⁄8 –1⁄3"

1⁄2 –3⁄4"

Distinguishing Natural Enemies

from Plant Pests in General

! Observe the specimen to see whether it

feeds on animals or plants.

! To see whether a particular natural enemy

attacks a target pest species, place

individuals of both species together in an

enclosed environment that allows them

room to move.

< fold here >< fold here > < fold here >

punchhole

5

EC 1613-E

December 2007

Resources

• Pocket Guide• OSU Extension Service

Master Gardeners• Miss Snail Pail


Take-home message

• Your regular involvement is key

• Include others in your garden routine if at all possible

• Don’t let a problem become a Problem

• It’s OK to ask for help


Got Questions?


Bad Bugs Begone - Pest Control in Your Garden

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