BACTERIELE DIVERSITEIT
Transcript of BACTERIELE DIVERSITEIT
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MICROBIOLOGIE
- DEEL III -
Prof. Dr. ir. J. Swings
« Biology of Microorganisms », 9de ed. (2000)
BACTERIELE DIVERSITEIT
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BACTERIA & ARCHAEA
• < 10 000 species
• 99% niet kweekbaar
• 10% identificeerbaar
• 45 000 16S rDNA sequenties
• meer dan 100 bacteriele genomen gesequeneerd of
onderweg
K. I. Proteobacteria
• 13.11 Vibrio
• 13.12 Rickettsias
• 13.13 Spirillen
• 13.14 Schedevormende bacteriën
• 13.15 Steeltjes- en knopvormende bacteriën
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K. I. Proteobacteria
Vibrio en Photobacterium
• Gram –
• Facultatief aeroob
• Polair geflagelleerd
• Vibrio cholerae
• Vibrio parahemolyticus
• Photobacterium
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‘Flashlight fish’ en Photobacterium phosphoreum
Photobacterium palpebratus
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Opkomende infecties
Aziatische Cholera en ‘the broad street pump’
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Rickettsias
• Rickettsia
R. rickettsii vlekkoorts teek
R. prowazeki tyfus luis
R. typhi tyfus vlo
• Rochalimaea
R. quintana loopgravenkoorts luis
• Coxiella
C. burnetii Q koorts teek
• Ehrlichia ehrlichiosis teek
Rickettsia typhi
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Uitslag van ‘Rocky Mountain spotted fever’
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Obligaat intracellulaire parasieten
Rocky mountain spotted fever
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Voornaamste ziekten veroorzaakt door intracellulaire pathogenen
• Rocky mountain spotted fever Rickettsia rickettsii
• Typhus Rickettsia prowazekii
• Chlamydia venereal syndromes Chlamydia trachomatis
• Trachoma Chlamydia trachomatis
• Brucellosis Brucella abortus
• Tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Leprosy Mycobacterium leprae
• Listeriosis Listeria monocytogenes
• Typhoid fever Salmonella typhi
Coxiella burnetii
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Infectie cyclus van Coxiella burnetii
Spirillen
• Spirillum, Aquaspirillum, Oceanospirillum en
Azospirillum
Magnetotaxis en magnetosomen
• Campylobacter en Helicobacter
• Bdellovibrio
een obligaat parasiet
bdelloplast
levenscyclus
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Spirillum volutans
Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum
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Aanhechting en penetratie van Bdellovibrio
Ontwikkelingscyclus van Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
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Schedevormende Proteobacteria
• Sphaerotilus
• Leptothrix
Sphaerotilus natans
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Sphaerotilus natans
Lepthothrix
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Steeltjes- en knopvormende bacteriën
• Inleiding
cytoplasmatische extrusies, prosthecae
polaire groei
Plantomyces en Pirella
• Bacteriën met steeltjes
Caulobacter, Gallionella
• Bacteriën met knoppen
Hyphomicrobium
Asticcacaulis biprosthecum
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Ancalomicrobium adetum
Ancalochloris perfilievii
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Stella
Celdeling
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Hyphomicrobium celcylcus
Hyphomicrobium
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Hyphomicrobium facilis
Caulobacter
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Caulobacter celcyclus
Gallionella ferruginea
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Gallionella ferruginea
K. IV. Chlamydia
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Chlamydia
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Delende cel van Chlamydia psittaci
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K. V. Planctomyces / Pirella
Plantomyces maris
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K. VI. Bacteroides / Flavobacteria
Bacteroides
• Obligaat anaeroben
• Intestinaal 1010 – 1011
• Sfingolipiden
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Sfingolipiden
vetzuur choline/suikers
glycerol
sfingosine
Flavobacterium
• Aquatisch / voedsel
• Geel
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Cytophaga / Sporocytophaga
• Glijdend
• Microcysten
• Cellulolytisch
• Geel – oranje
• Aeroob
• Vispathogenen:
C. columnaris
C. psychrophila
K. VIII. Spirocheten
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Spirocheten
• Spirochaeta
• Treponema syphilis
• Borrelia lyme disease
• Leptospira leptospirosis
• Critispira
Spirochaeta stenostrepta
Spirochaeta plicatilis
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Spirochaeta zuelzerae
Cristispira
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Treponema saccharophilum
Tickborne Relapsing FeverBorrelia recurrentis
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Tickborne Relapsing FeverBorrelia recurrentis
Tickborne Relapsing FeverBorrelia recurrentis
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Borrelia burgdorferiLevenscyclus van ‘Lyme disease’
K. IX. Deinococcus / Thermus
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Deinococcus
• Gram +
• Outer membraan-lipid A
• Rood-rose: carotenoïden
• Resistent aan UV en ioniserende stralen
• Reparatie mechanismen
• Resistent aan mutagenen
• Bodemorganisme
Deinococcus radiodurans
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Thermus
• Aeroob
• Gram –
• Taq DNA polymerase
K. XI. XII. XIII. Hypothermofielen
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Thermotoga
• Hyperthermofiel (80°C)
• Gram –
• Anaeroob
Thermotoga maritima
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Thermodesulfobacterium
• Sulfaatreductie
• Ether lipiden
Aquifex
• Chemolithotroof
• 85°C optimum
• Aeroob
• O2 of NO3- als ε acceptor
• Nooit chemoorganotroof
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Aquifex pyrophilus