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Background #1S 1

• Born in Tangier, Morocco in 1304 C.E.• Began at age 21• Traveled all over the world• Traveled total distance of about 75,000 miles• Wrote journals recounting his travels

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Travels #1Q 2

• “In the course of his first Journey, Ibn Battuta travelled through Algiers, Tunis, Egypt, Palestine, and Syria.”

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Travels #1S 2

• Visited many places (see 1st notecard) he then performed his first Hajj

• Then traveled over sea to Yemen, visited Aden and set sail to East Africa

• Then he returned to Mecca to perform his 2nd Hajj

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Travels #1S 2

• Set out for India, but changed his mind and went back to Cairo, Palestine, and Syria instead

• Traveled to Black Sea and crossed it• Eventually reached Constantinople through

the Southern Ukraine

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Travels #1P 2-3

• Went to Khurasan through Khiva and visited Bukhara, Balkh, Heart, Tus, Mashhad, and Nishapur.

• Crossed Hindukush mountains into Afghanistan and later into India

• Travelled through India until he reached Delhi• Stayed in Delhi for several years with Sultan

Mohammad Tughlaq

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Travels #1P 3

• The Saltan sent Ibn Battuta to be his envoy to China

• Travelled through India he took a ship to Goa (India)

• Eventually reached Maldive islands and then Ceylon

• Landed on the Ma’bar coast and he set sail for Bengal (in China during that time)

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Travels #1P 3

• Sailing along the Malabar coast he reached the Maldive islands, and then Canton

• In China he went north east to Dhafari, Muscat, Paris (in Iran), Iraq, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt

• Then made his 7th and final Hajj in 1348 CE• Returned to his hometown of Fez• Later traveled to Muslim Spain and the Niger

region

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Impact 1Q&S 2-3

• “The variety and expenditure of the religious endowments at Damascus are beyond computation”

• Writes about cultures and structure of different society’s and analyses them

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Impact #1P 5

• His writings about sea voyages and shipping help show the Muslim’s domination on the waters of the Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean, and the Chinese waters.

• Showed that in Muslim society Christians were slightly restricted but overall were not treated to unfairly

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Impact #1S 5-6

• Ibn Battuta traveled over 75,000 miles, much more than Marco Polo

• However he is rarely mentioned in textbooks• One of the greatest contributors to geographic

study• But his work is not very easy to access by the

average person

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Background #2S 8

• Traveled for 29 years throughout the Middle East and Asia

• Crossed multiple continents• Tripled the travels of Marco Polo (traveled

75,000 miles)• Through 44 countries

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Travels #2Q 8

• “I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13th of June 1325 with the intention of making the Pilgrimage to [Mecca]… to leave all my friends both female and male, to abandon my home as birds abandon their nests.”

• Ibn Battuta writings about leaving his home to travel

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Travels #2Q 9

• “An unattractive village… the water is brackish and the place is plagued with flies.”

• Ibn Battuta descibes one Saharan town in a very negative tone

• Even though one might think he would have grown accustomed to this throughout his years of travel

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Travels #2P 9

• Ibn Battuta did not always enjoy traveling (see last card)

• He always found the richest and most powerful Muslims in a community to provide him with clean accommodations

• In return he would tell his stories and speak of his life

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Travels #2S 10

• While in the village of Fuwa Ibn Battuta had an odd dream

• He dreamed he was “on the wing of a huge bird… which flew in the direction of [Mecca], then made toward the Yemen.”

• Woke up and found that the town mystic knew of his dream

• Decided to follow the dream and went to Mecca