B4ANG201110S

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FEDERATION EUROPEENNE DES ECOLES

EUROPEAN FEDERATION OF SCHOOLSOrganisation non gouvernementale dote du statut participatif auprs du Conseil de lEuropeNGO enjoying participatory status with the Council of Europe

Fdration Europenne Des Ecoles - European Federation of Schools - Octobre 2011UC B4 Anglais - Sujet

UE B - LANGUE VIVANTE

EUROPEENNE

UC B4 - Anglais Ecrit

Aucun dictionnaire autoris

Les rponses doivent tre reportes sur la fiche optique fournie

Type dpreuve : QCM et Essai

Dure : 1h45

Session : Octobre 2011

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Fdration Europenne Des Ecoles - European Federation of Schools - Octobre 2011 2/9UC B4 Anglais - Sujet

UC B4 - ANGLAIS ECRIT

BAREME DE NOTATION

1/ Questionnaire Choix Multiples* 60 points

2/ Texte complter* 90 points

3/ Essai 70 points

Total 220 points

*DETAIL DU BAREME DE NOTATION DU QCM ET DU TEXTE A COMPLETER

Bonne rponse 3 points

Absence de rponse 0 point

Rponse errone -1 point

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1/ Questionnaire choix multiples

Texte de comprhension n1

Companies are Not Charities

STEVE COOGAN, a British comedian, once told a joke about David Beckham, a footballer who is unlikely towin a Nobel prize for physics: They say, Oh, David Beckham - hes not very clever. Yeah. They dont say,Stephen Hawking - shit at football. Successful corporations are like Mr Beckham. Both excel at one thing:in Mr Beckhams case, kicking a ball; in the corporations case, making profits. They may also be reasonablyadept at other things, but their chief contribution to society comes from their area of specialisation.

Ann Bernstein, the head of a South African think-tank called the Centre for Development and Enterprise,thinks that advocates of corporate social responsibility (CSR) tend to miss this point. In her new book, TheCase for Business in Developing Economies, she stresses the ways companies benefit society simply bygoing about their normal business. In a free and competitive market, firms profit by selling goods or servicesto willing customers. To stay in business, they must offer lower prices or higher quality than their competitors.

Those that fail disappear. Those that succeed spread prosperity. Shareholders receive dividends. Employeesearn wages. Suppliers win contracts. Ordinary people gain access to luxuries that would have made CecilRhodes gasp, such as television, air-conditioning and antibiotics.

These are not new arguments, but Ms Bernstein makes them fresh by writing from an African perspective.Citizens of rich countries often fret about the occasional harm that corporations do, yet take for granted theprosperity they create. People in developing countries do not have that luxury.

In South Africa, where more than a third of the workforce is jobless, the problem is not that corporations areunethical but that there are not enough of them. One reason is that South Africas leaders blithely heap socialresponsibilities on corporate shoulders. Strict environmental laws cause long delays in building homes. This isnice for endangered butterflies, but tough for South Africans who live in shacks. Such laws also slow the

construction of power plants, contributing to the rolling blackouts that crippled South Africa in 2008. SouthAfrican labour laws make it hard to fire workers, which deters companies from hiring them in the first place.

Adapted from The Economist 0ctober 23rd, 2010

1. What do Beckham, Hawkings and successful corporations have in common?a. they have all won Nobel prizesb. their performance in their specialisation is their most useful social contributionc. their socially responsible contributions in other activities have made them famous

2. Advocates of corporate social responsibility:a. are corporate lawyersb. are lawyers that prosecute companies that violate lawsc. dont understand how important it is for a company to focus on its specific activity

3. Anne Berstein argues that companies in developing countries:a. are most useful when focusing on making a profitb. should be more concerned about the environment and labour lawsc. are too greedy and unethical

4. Berstein thinks that companies that focus on making a profit in developing countries:a. create unemployment and weaken local economiesb. contribute to sustainable development locallyc. can more easily circumvent labour and environmental laws

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5. According to Berstein successful companies in developing countries:a. are those that are the most socially responsibleb. by focusing on profit help a wide range of social categoriesc. often fail to increase the standard of living of the local population

6. These are not new arguments, but Ms Bernstein makes them fresh by writing from anAfrican perspective means:a. Bersteins writing reflects the shift in her point of viewb. Bersteins book has revamped the African way of thinkingc. Bersteins book is original because of its point of view rather than its content

7. Citizens of rich countries often fret about the occasional harm that corporations do,yet take for granted the prosperity they create. People in developing countries do not

have that luxury means:a. unlike people in developed countries, citizens in poor countries do not have luxury productsb. people in developed countries tend to emphasize a companys negative impact without mentioning

the wealth it generates, whereas in developing countries spreading wealth is the priorityc. people in rich countries are worried that if companies set up in developing countries they will havefewer privileges

8. The South African government:a. should take advantage of the economic boom to make corporate social responsibility a priorityb. should focus on attracting companies to stimulate the economy and to create jobsc. encourages foreign investment and facilitates their setting up

9. Socially responsible companies:a. specialize in social projectsb. donate their profits to developing economiesc. respect the environment and human rights

10.According to the article the environmental and labour laws in South Africa:a. have boosted developmentb. protect the local populations and environment from being exploitedc. are an obstacle to development

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Texte de comprhension n2

Milton Friedman goes on Tour

A survey of attitudes to business turns up some intriguing national differences.

PUBLIC-RELATIONS folk are not noted for burning the midnight oil over the works of great economists.But Edelman, an American firm, has come up with a clever idea. It asked members of the informed public -broadly, people with university degrees who are in the top quarter of wage-earners in their particular agegroups and countries - what they think of Milton Friedmans famous assertion that the social responsibility ofbusiness is to increase its profits.

The issue of whether businesses should promote corporate social responsibility (CSR) is hotly debated. Manyof the worlds biggest companies (including BP and the now defunct Enron) have embraced the notion. Sohave politicians. Britains 2006 Companies Act requires businesses to report on their CSR records. The UnitedNations has a global compact for CSR. But the worlds Friedmanites have waged a relentless guerrilla waragainst the idea, denouncing it as a farrago of value-destroying nonsense.

Edelmans research gives a good overview of the state of the global battle. The worlds most Friedman-friendly country is the United Arab Emirates, with 84 % agreeing with his dictum: perhaps not surprising for asmall, business-oriented country. Second prize goes to Japan, a country normally associated with stakeholdercapitalism, but which may have tired of its model after two decades of stagnation. Sweden also scoredremarkably highly, with 60 % of people agreeing with Friedman. Perhaps people feel little need for CSR whenthe government cares for them from cradle to grave. Yet some supposedly Friedmanite bastions went wobbly,with Britain scoring 43 % and Friedmans own homeland, the United States, 5 %.

The worlds striving nations tend to disdain CSR. The top ten Friedmanite countries include four emergingmarkets (India, Indonesia, Mexico and Poland) and two recently emerged ones (Singapore and South Korea).But there are important exceptions to the rule. Well-informed folk in China and Brazil almost match theirpeers in Germany and Italy in their enthusiasm for corporate do-gooding.

The Economist, January 27th, 2011

11.The results of the survey were:a. predictableb. shockingc. somewhat surprising

12.Milton Friedman:a. is a public relations expert who has come up with a brainstormb. is a famous economist who believes a corporations main duty to society is to increase its bottomlinec. is a researcher who has done a world tour to question the informed public about corporate social

responsibility

13.Edelmans survey:a. studies the responsibility of banks in the economies of societies around the worldb. asked wealthy college graduates round the world whether they thought a corporations greatest

social contribution was to increase profitc. asked the informed public what they thought about Milton Friedmans contribution to society

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14.public relations folk are not noted for burning the midnight oil over the works of greateconomists means:

a. PR specialists usually do not spend much time reading publications by famous economistsb. PR specialists should pay closer attention to what economists have to sayc. PR specialists havent noticed the impact of the oil crisis on the economy and way of thinking of

famous economists

15.Corporate Social Responsibility:a. has promoted a consensus among people, social categories, organizations and institutions around

the worldb. is an international pacifist organization that denounces civil wars around the worldc. is a subject of debate

16.Friedmanites are:a. people who espouse the ideas of Milton Friedmanb. people who are adversaries of Friedmans ideasc. mercenaries who wage guerrilla war around the world

17.According to the Economist, the survey:a. gives a good general picture of what different countries think about CSRb. was handicapped by battles and civil wars around the worldc. focuses too much on developed countries

18.The research found that the nations that were the strongest supporters of Friedmansideas:

a. are developing countriesb. are mostly English-speaking countriesc. are in both developed and developing countries

19.people feel little need for CSR when the government cares for them from cradle to thegrave means:

a. if the government provides lifelong social programs for its citizens, they may not think it isnecessary for corporations to provide for them as well

b. as the government cares about its citizens, they may require companies to have the same attitudec. people may agree with Friedmans assertion because they think private enterprise rather than the

government should give them a little help

20.Most emerging and emerged markets:a. are advocates of CSRb. are not enthusiastic about CSRc. are divided on the issue of CSR

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2/ Texte complter

For Pepsi, a Business Decision With Social ______(21) ______.

SAN GABRIEL, Mexico In the past, farmers ______(22) ______ the ______(23) ______trek north fromthis tiny town ______(24) ______ in the rugged folds of the Jalisco mountain range to ______(25) ______,

hoping to earn enough money doing ______(26) ______ jobs to cover debts______(27) ______ whilecultivating the small plots of land that have been in their families for generations.But more recently, many have managed to______(28) ______ the trips, staying home as the result of a new______(29) ______ with Pepsi co, which buys their ______(30) ______.

Some of us______(31) ______to go north to work to make money to pay ______(32) ______ debts, but nolonger, said Martn Ramos Torres, a farmer, adding that at least two members of the cooperative he leads hadbeen caught by United States border patrol agents and ______(33) ______. In just three years, everything haschanged.

Mr. Ramos and some 300 small farmers here no longer sell their corn to ______(34) ______but directly toPepsiCo, which guarantees the price it will pay for their crops ______(35) ______. The deal ______(36)

______ the small farmers to secure credit to buy ______(37) ______ and fertilizers, crop insurance andequipment.PepsiCos work with the corn farmers reflects a relatively new approach by corporations trying to maintain abusiness edge while helping out small communities and farmers. Begun as a pilot project by the foundation______(38) ______with the companys Sabritas snack foods division, it is expanding to about 850 farmers todevelop a local source of sunflower oil, which the company needs to improve the nutritional quality of itsproducts.

The corn project ______(39) ______ PepsiCo transportation costs because the farms were close to two of itsfactories, and the use of local farms assured it access to types of corn best suited to its products and processes.That gives us great leverage because corn prices dont fluctuate so much, but transportation costs do, saidPedro Padierna, president of PepsiCos operations in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean.

The______(40) ______ benefits of the corn program are ______(41) ______ in higher incomes that haveimproved nutritional and educational standards among the participating farmers, not to mention its impact onillegal immigration and possibly even the reduction of marijuana production.A ______(42) ______ number of major companies have adopted similar business tacks aimed at profitabilitythat also prove to be economically and socially ______(43) ______ for______(44) ______. One of theearliest examples was Danones development of a vitamin-enhanced yogurt product that sells for 11 cents inBangladesh. The product is profit-neutral, but has given the company valuable______(45) ______ into the 2.5billion potential ______(46) ______ who live on less than $2.50 a day.These are markets, Harry Verhaar, head of strategic sustainability initiatives at Philips Electronics, said ofcountries with______(47) ______ populations of impoverished consumers.

Philips has begun selling ______(48) ______, solar-powered lighting products in Africa to people who lackaccess to the electrical grid. We are developing products to address them that are economically good for us asa company and also good for ecology and good for consumers, Mr. Verhaar said.We are seeing an increased focus by companies looking to see how they can use their ______(49) ______capabilities for public good rather than simply writing a big ______(50) ______, said Gaurav Gupta, regionaldirector for a consulting firm focused on international development. Theyre starting to realize that themarginal cost of doing a little extra good produces such a great impact and not only in terms of good will,but also because its good for business.

Abridged from The New York Times, February 21st, 2011

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21.a. costsb. setbacksc. benefitsd. climbing

22.a. will makeb. had madec. would maked. were making

23.a. shortb. easyc. dangerousd. exciting

24.a. hidingb. hidec. hiddend. hid

25.a. Japanb. Francec. The United Statesd. the UK

26.a. strangeb. unpaidc. oddd. interesting

27.a. forgottenb. incurredc. paid offd. cancelled

28.a. makeb. shortenc. put offd. avoid

29.a. ventureb. treatyc. softwared. law

30.a. sodab. cropsc. homed. land

31.a. are usedb. usec. usedd. went

32.a. forb. offc. outd. pal

33.a. welcomedb. congratulatedc. deportedd. rewarded

34.a. middlemenb. wholesalersc. creditorsd. smugglers

35.a. under the tableb. on creditc. eventuallyd. legally

36a. preventsb. enablesc. forbidsd. lets

37.a. gunsb. drugsc. seedsd.hardware

38.a. affiliatesb. affiliationc. affiliatingd. affiliated

39.a. savedb. eliminatedc. decreasedd. skyrocketed

40.a. psychologicalb. politicalc. sociald. strategical

41.a. minimumb. obviousc. invisibled. disappointing

42.a. grownb. growingc. decreasedd. decreasing

43.a. benefitedb. beneficialc. inefficientd. ineffective

44.a. needy peopleb. the wealthyc. babiesd. shareholders

45.a. investmentsb. advicec. insightd. goods

46.a. executivesb. sellersc. consumersd. retailers

47.a. smallb. insignificantc. sizabled. decreasing

48.a. expensiveb. unaffordablec. hi-techd. low-cost

49.a. coreb. secondaryc. unusuald. untapped

50.a. bookb. editorialc. checkd. advertisement

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3/ Essai

Explain with concrete examples what corporate social responsibility means.

How and to what extent should companies be socially responsible?

Answer in 400 words (+ ou - 10%)..

B4ANG201110S

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