B1 C1 P1 REVISION QUIZ!

B1 You and Your Genes1. Put these words in the correct order of their

size from smallest to largest.

gene cell nucleuschromosome

B1 You and Your Genes2. Place the following characteristics into the correct category.EYE COLOUR, SCAR, NATURAL HAIR COLOURBLOOD GROUP, TATTOOS, PIERCINGS

Inherited Environmental

B1 You and Your Genes3. Complete the diagram below to show how identical twins are formed.

SPERM CELL

EGG CELL

FERTILISATION

FERTILISED EGG CELL …?

B1 You and Your Genes4. Identical twins and spider plants are examples of natural clones.Write a definition for the word ‘clone’.

B1 You and Your Genes5. Chromosome numbers! How many chromosomes will the following human cells have?a) A male body cell?b) A male sex cell (sperm)?c) A female body cell?d) A female sex cell (egg)?e) A fertilised egg cell?

B1 You and Your Genes6. Genetic diseases.

a) This man has Huntington’s disease. Give two symptoms he may suffer from.

b) This young girl has cystic fibrosis. Give two symptoms she may suffer from.

B1 You and Your Genes6. Male or female?What sex chromosome(s) would be in the nucleus of:a) A man’s body cell?b) An egg cell?c) A woman’s body cell?d) A sperm cell?

B1 You and Your Genes7. Genetic cross diagrams (part 1).The height of these people is determined by two genes: T is dominant and produces tall people; t is recessive and produces short people.

a) List the possible genotype(s) of Giant.

b) List the possible genotype(s) of Shorty.

Giant (male)Shorty

(female)

B1 You and Your Genes7. Genetic cross diagrams (part 2).Use your answers to 7a and 7b to help with these questions.

Giant (male)Shorty

(female)

c) Giant has a gene pair that is homozygous. If he and Shorty were to have child, what would the childrens’ genotype be?

d) What is the phenotype of the children?

B1 You and Your Genes8. Genetic testing.Elaine and Peter are worried about the health of their unborn child as Elaine’s nephew has just been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis.a) Is there a chance that Elaine and Peter’s

unborn child may have cystic fibrosis?b) How could they find out for sure?c) Give two ethical issues of choosing to find

out for sure.

B1 You and Your Genes9. a) What does the phrase IVF stand for?b) Describe what pre-implantation genetic

diagnosis (PGD) is used for.c) Write a step-by-step guide on how PGD is

carried out.

B1 You and Your Genes10.a) Write a definition for ‘stem cells’.b) Give one reason why embryonic stem cells

are considered very important for scientific research.

1. Composition of air.

C1 Air Quality

a)Name gases A and B.

b)Name the main gas that makes up the ‘1% Other’ category.

gas A

gas B

2. The atmosphere of early Earth.

C1 Air Quality

For each of the following gases, state whether it is now present in a higher, lower or the same concentration in comparison to early Earth’s atmosphere.a) Carbon dioxideb) Water vapourc) Oxygen

3. Air pollutants

C1 Air Quality

a) Name these five air pollutants from their chemical symbols: SO2, CO, CO2, NO, NO2

b) Name one air pollutant that can cause acid rain.

c) Name one air pollutant that can change the amount of oxygen in the blood.

d) Name one air pollutant, not listed above, that is deposited on surfaces, making them dirty.

4. Analysing data. Match the keyword to its definition.

C1 Air Quality

A. Accuracy

D. Mean

C. Range

B. Outlier

1. Shows how close a result is to the true value.

4. The variation in a set of results, from the highest to the lowest.

3. A result that is very different to the others.

2. The best estimate calculated using a range of values.

5. Burning fuels

C1 Air Quality

a) Name the two products formed when natural gas (methane, CH4) is burnt in plenty of oxygen.

b) Name two other products also formed if the natural gas is burnt in a limited supply of oxygen.

c) In car engines, nitrogen monoxide can also be formed, in addition to the four products above. Explain how the nitrogen monoxide is formed.

6. Particle diagrams and conservation of atoms. Complete the diagram below to show the products. [3]

C1 Air Quality

+ +

Methane Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water

CH

H

HH

O O

O O

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Month

Num

ber o

f pre

scrip

tions

for

hay

feve

r med

icati

on (p

er

1000

of p

opul

ation

)

7. On this graph, the blue line shows number of hayfever prescriptions per month. The black line shows pollen count per month.

C1 Air Quality

Does this graph prove that pollen causes hayfever symptoms? Explain your answer. [3]

8. Asthma

C1 Air Quality

a) Give two examples of things that may trigger an asthma attack.

b) Scientists are still researching asthma to develop a full understanding of the condition. Why it is important that scientists publish their data and explanations?

9. Reducing pollutants from cars

C1 Air Quality

a) Which two pollutants are removed by catalytic converters?

b) For each of pollutant, which less harmful gas is it converted into?

c) How has low-sulfur fuel helped to reduce pollution?

d) Electirc cars do not produce any pollutants when they are used. However, they are not considered to be totally pollution-free. Why?

10. Reducing pollutants from power stations.

C1 Air Quality

a) This machine carries out wet scrubbing to remove an acidic pollutant gas from factory gas outlets. Name the pollutant gas it removes.

b) Describe how an electrostatic precipitator removes particulates from factory gas outlets.

1. Place these words in order of size, from the smallest to the largest.

P1 The Earth in the Universe

Galaxy Asteroid

Moon Planet

Star

Comet

2. Write definitions for these wordsa) Cometb) Asteroidc) Light yeard) Fusion


3. Measuring distancesa) Explain how scientists would use parallax to determine

whether Star 1 or Star 2 is closer to Earth.

b) Star 1 and Star 2 are of the same type. Explain how scientists would use brightness to determine which of the two stars is closer to Earth.


Star 1

Star 2

Earth in June

Earth in December

4. The start of the Universea) State the approximate age of the Universe.b) State the approximate age of the Earth.c) Give one piece of evidence that supports the big

bang theory.


5. Dating rocks. Use the diagram to answer the questions.


a) Which letter represents the oldest layer of rock?

b) Which letter represent the youngest layer of rock?

c) Which of H or M is likely to be the youngest rock?

6. Continental drift.a) Name the scientist who came up with the theory

of continental drift.b) Use the diagram on the

right to give two pieces of evidence that support his theory.


7. Write down the keywords that fill the gaps.The Earth’s crust is made up of ____1_____ plates that flow very slowly over the layer beneath them, called the ___2___.

The ocean floor continually grows wider where plates are moving ____3____. This is know as seafloor ____4______.

Ocean floor is destroyed where plates are moving ______5______. Sometimes the meeting of two plates can result in rocks buckling and folding upwards to form ______6_______.

The friction of plates moving side-by-side along fault lines can cause ______7_________.


8. Detecting Earthquakes.a) Draw a longitudinal wave (a P wave)b) Label it with compression, rarefaction and

wavelength.c) Draw a transverse wave (an S wave)d) Label it with wavelength and amplitude.e) What is the frequency of a wave?


9. The wave equation.Wave speed (m/s) = frequency (Hz) x wavelength (m)


a)A seismic wave travelling through rock has a frequency of 0.5 Hz. The wavelength is 20 km. Calculate the speed of the wave.

b)The same wave passes into a different rock where the speed is 14 m/s. What will the new wavelength be?

10. Using waves.

P1 The Earth in the UniverseScientist studies of the movement of seismic waves have informed us about the structure of the Earth.a) What does the S-wave

shadow zone tell us about the structure of the core?

b) Explain what causes the S-wave shadow zone.

B1 C1 P1 REVISION QUIZ!ANSWERS

B1 You and Your Genes1. Put these words in the correct order of their

size from smallest to largest.

1. gene

4. cell 3. nucleus2. chromosome

B1 You and Your Genes2. Place the following characteristics into the correct category.EYE COLOUR, SCAR, NATURAL HAIR COLOURBLOOD GROUP, TATTOOS, PIERCINGS

Inherited EnvironmentalEYE COLOUR SCAR

NATURAL HAIR COLOUR

TATTOOS

BLOOD GROUP PIERCINGS

B1 You and Your Genes3. Complete the diagram below to show how identical twins are formed.

SPERM CELL

EGG CELL

FERTILISATION

FERTILISED EGG CELL

CELL SPLITS

BABY

BABY

B1 You and Your Genes4. Identical twins and spider plants are examples of natural clones.Write a definition for the word ‘clone’.

Organisms / living things that are genetically identical / genetically the same / have the same genes.

B1 You and Your Genes5. Chromosome numbers! How many chromosomes will the following human cells have?a) A male body cell? 46b) A male sex cell (sperm)? 23c) A female body cell? 46d) A female sex cell (egg)? 23e) A fertilised egg cell? 46

B1 You and Your Genes6. Genetic diseases.

a) This man has Huntington’s disease. Give two symptoms he may suffer from.

b) This young girl has cystic fibrosis. Give two symptoms she may suffer from.

Forgetfulness, memory loss, staggering, loss of balance, falling over.

Thick mucus in lungs, breathlessness, regular chest infections, malnutrition, digestive problems

B1 You and Your Genes6. Male or female?What sex chromosome(s) would be in the nucleus of:a) A man’s body cell? XYb) An egg cell? Xc) A woman’s body cell? XXd) A sperm cell? X or Y

B1 You and Your Genes7. Genetic cross diagrams (part 1).The height of these people is determined by two genes: T is dominant and produces tall people; t is recessive and produces short people.

a) List the possible genotype(s) of Giant. TT or Tt

b) List the possible genotype(s) of Shorty. tt

Giant (male)Shorty

(female)

B1 You and Your Genes7. Genetic cross diagrams (part 2).Use your answers to 7a and 7b to help with these questions.

Giant (male)Shorty

(female)

c) Giant has a gene pair that is homozygous. If he and Shorty were to have child, what would the childrens’ genotype be? All Tt

d) What is the phenotype of the children? All tall

B1 You and Your Genes8. Genetic testing.Elaine and Peter are worried about the health of their unborn child as Elaine’s nephew has just been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis.a) Is there a chance that Elaine and Peter’s unborn child may

have cystic fibrosis? Yesb) How could they find out for sure? Genetic testing of foetus

via aminocentesis or chorionic villus tests.c) Give two ethical issues of choosing to find out for sure. Tests

carry small risk of miscarriage. Very small risk of infection. Results are not 100% (may get false negative or false positive). May have to choose whether to continue with pregnancy or have a termination. Etc.

B1 You and Your Genes9. a) What does the phrase IVF stand for? In vitro fertilisation.

a) Describe what pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is used for. To screen IVF embryos before they are implanted, to check for genetic diseases.

b) Write a step-by-step guide on how PGD is carried out. Sperm fertilise eggs in a petri dish. Fertilised eggs allowed to develop until 8-cell stage. One cell removed from each embryo and tests for genetic diseases. Only embryos free from disease are implanted into a female’s uterus.

B1 You and Your Genes10.

a) Write a definition for ‘stem cells’. Unspecialised cells.

b) Give one reason why embryonic stem cells are considered very important for scientific research. Can grow into any cell type in human body. Can be used to treat diseases. Could be used in cloning to create a genetic match. Etc.

1. Composition of air.

C1 Air Quality

a)Name gases A and B. A = nitrogen, B = oxygen

b)Name the main gas that makes up the ‘1% Other’ category. Argon.

gas A

gas B

2. The atmosphere of early Earth.

C1 Air Quality

For each of the following gases, state whether it is now present in a higher, lower or the same concentration in comparison to early Earth’s atmosphere.a) Carbon dioxide LOWERb) Water vapour LOWERc) Oxygen HIGHER

3. Air pollutants

C1 Air Quality

a) Name these five air pollutants from their chemical symbols: SO2 = sulphur dioxide, CO = carbon monoxide, CO2 = carbon dioxide, NO = nitrogen monoxide, NO2 = nitrogen dioxide

b) Name one air pollutant that can cause acid rain. Sulphur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide.

c) Name one air pollutant that can change the amount of oxygen in the blood. Carbon monoxide.

d) Name one air pollutant, not listed above, that is deposited on surfaces, making them dirty. Particulates.

4. Analysing data. Match the keyword to its definition.

C1 Air Quality

A. Accuracy

D. Mean

C. Range

B. Outlier

1. Shows how close a result is to the true value.

4. The variation in a set of results, from the highest to the lowest.

3. A result that is very different to the others.

2. The best estimate calculated using a range of values.

5. Burning fuels

C1 Air Quality

a) Name the two products formed when natural gas (methane, CH4) is burnt in plenty of oxygen. Carbon dioxide, water.

b) Name two other products also formed if the natural gas is burnt in a limited supply of oxygen. Carbon monoxide, particulates.

c) In car engines, nitrogen monoxide can also be formed, in addition to the four products above. Explain how the nitrogen monoxide is formed. Formed when nitrogen in the air reacts with oxygen under high pressure and temperature in the car engine.

6. Particle diagrams and conservation of atoms. Complete the diagram below to show the products.

C1 Air Quality

+ +

Methane Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water

CH

H

HH

CH

H

HH

O O

O O

O

OO O

0 2 4 6 8 10 120

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Month

Num

ber o

f pre

scrip

tions

for

hay

feve

r med

icati

on (p

er

1000

of p

opul

ation

)

7. On this graph, the blue line shows number of hayfever prescriptions per month. The black line shows pollen count per month.

C1 Air Quality

Does this graph prove that pollen causes hayfever symptoms? Explain your answer. [3] No. It shows a correlation. Correlation does not prove cause. There could be another (3rd) factor cause the correlation.

8. Asthma

C1 Air Quality

a) Give two examples of things that may trigger an asthma attack. Tree or grass pollen, animal skin flakes, nuts, shellfish, air pollution, dust, getting emotional, stress, exercise, colds, etc.

b) Scientists are still researching asthma to develop a full understanding of the condition. Why it is important that scientists publish their data and explanations? Other scientists can evaluate their claims, check their method of investigation, presentation of data, way they interpret data, conclusions. This is peer review.

9. Reducing pollutants from cars

C1 Air Quality

a) Which two pollutants are removed by catalytic converters? Carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide.

b) For each of pollutant, which less harmful gas is it converted into? Carbon monoxide carbon dioxide, nitrogen monoxide nitrogen and oxygen.

c) How has low-sulfur fuel helped to reduce pollution? Reduced amount of sulphur dioxide produced.

d) Electirc cars do not produce any pollutants when they are used. However, they are not considered to be totally pollution-free. Why? Because production of electricity requires burning fossil fuels and therefore still produces pollutants.

10. Reducing pollutants from power stations.

C1 Air Quality

a) This machine carries out wet scrubbing to remove an acidic pollutant gas from factory gas outlets. Name the pollutant gas it removes. Sulphur dioxide.

b) Describe how an electrostatic precipitator removes particulates from factory gas outlets. It gives particulates a negative charge. They are attracted to a positively charged collecting plate so removed from the waste gases.

1. Place these words in order of size, from the smallest to the largest.


6. Galaxy

1. Asteroid

3. Moon4. Planet

5. Star2. Comet

2. Write definitions for these words

a) Comet = large ball of dust and ice

b) Asteroid = small and rocky orbiting the Sun in a band between Mars and Jupiter.

c) Light year = a unit of distance used by astronomers. The distance that light travels in a year

d) Fusion = Joining smaller nuclei together to make larger elements. Releases energy. Occurs inside the Sun.


3. Measuring distancesa) Explain how scientists would use parallax to determine whether Star 1 or Star 2

is closer to Earth. Observe distant stars behind both Star 1 and Star 2 in both June and December. The closest Star is the one that shows the largest change in the distant stars as its background.


Star 1

Star 2

Earth in June

Earth in December

b) Star 1 and Star 2 are of the same type. Explain how scientists would use brightness to determine which of the two stars is closer to Earth.

Closest star will be the brightest one.

4. The start of the Universe

a) State the approximate age of the Universe. 13,700 million years old.

b) State the approximate age of the Earth. 4,500 million years old.

c) Give one piece of evidence that supports the big bang theory. Galaxies are moving away from each other. Universe is getting bigger. Space is expanding. Red shift. Presence of cosmic microwave background radiation. Oldest stars are younger than predicted age of Universe. Etc.


5. Dating rocks. Use the diagram to answer the questions.


a) Which letter represents the oldest layer of rock? I

b) Which letter represent the youngest layer of rock? R

c) Which of H or M is likely to be the youngest rock? H

6. Continental drift.a) Name the scientist who came up with the theory of

continental drift. Wegener.

b) Use the diagram on the right to give two pieces of evidence that support his theory. Continents fit like a jigsaw. Fossils found on different continents are identical. Rock types found on different continents are identical.


7. Write down the keywords that fill the gaps.The Earth’s crust is made up of 1. tectonic plates that flow very slowly over the layer beneath them, called the 2. mantle.

The ocean floor continually grows wider where plates are moving 3. apart. This is know as seafloor 4. spreading.

Ocean floor is destroyed where plates are moving 5. towards each other. Sometimes the meeting of two plates can result in rocks buckling and folding upwards to form 6. mountains.

The friction of plates moving side-by-side along fault lines can cause 7. earthquakes.


8. Detecting Earthquakes.a) Draw a longitudinal wave (a P wave)

b) Label it with compression, rarefaction and wavelength.

c) Draw a transverse wave (an S wave)

d) Label it with wavelength and amplitude.

e) What is the frequency of a wave?


Frequency – number of waves per second.

9. The wave equation.Wave speed (m/s) = frequency (Hz) x wavelength (m)


a)A seismic wave travelling through rock has a frequency of 0.5 Hz. The wavelength is 20 km. Calculate the speed of the wave. 10000 m/s

b)The same wave passes into a different rock where the speed is 14 m/s. What will the new wavelength be? 28m

10. Using waves.

P1 The Earth in the UniverseScientist studies of the movement of seismic waves have informed us about the structure of the Earth.a) What does the S-wave

shadow zone tell us about the structure of the core? It is liquid.

b) Explain what causes the S-wave shadow zone. S waves cannot travel through liquid.

B1 C1 P1 REVISION QUIZ!

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