1. Active Voice: the voice used to indicate that the grammaticalsubject of the verb is performing the action or causing thehappening denoted by the verbSentence: The leopard chased the antelope.2. Anaphora: the regular repetition of the same word or phrase atthe beginning of succesive phrases or clausesEx:"I needed a drink, I needed a lot of life insurance, I needed avacation, I needed a home in the country. What I had was a coat,a hat and a gun."Raymond Chandler- Farewell, My Lovely3. Anastrophe: a rhetorical term for the inversion of the normalorder of the parts of a sentenceEx: She stared into the dog's eyes deep and menacing.4. Antecedent: the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronounrefersSentence: I love my brother so much I gave him chips.5. Antitheses: figure of speech in which opposing or contrastingideas are balanced against each other using grammaticallyparallel syntaxEx: Bittersweet, pretty ugly6. Apposition: a syntactic relation between expressions, usuallyconsecutive, that have the same function and the same relation toother elements in the sentence, the second expression identifyingor supplementing the firstEx: My best friend, Lee, caught a whelk when he was fishing forbass.7. Asyndeton: conjunctions are omitted, producing a fast-pacedand rapid proseEx: He comes, he sleeps, he goes.8. Climax: the turning point or high point in a plot's actionEx: In the climactic scene of the movie, the aliens emerge fromthe capsule and start zapping the onlookers.-grammar-monster.com9. Embedded Sentence: a sentence that occurs within a sentencein a phrase structure tree Ex: You know that sheepdogs can'tread.10. Epistrophe: the repetition of a word or words at the end of twoor more succesive verses, clauses, or sentencesEx: "A day may come when the courage of men fails, when weforsake our friends and break all bonds of fellowship, but it is notthis day. An hour of woes and shattered shields, when the age ofmen comes crashing down! But it is not this day! This day wefight!" -Viggo Mortensen as Aragorn in The Lord of the Rings:The Return of the King11. Hortative Sentence: Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats,implores, or calls to action. Ex: Let both sides explore whatproblems unite us instead of belaboring those that divide us.12. Imperative Sentence: sentence structure that gives acommandEx: Go cut the grass.13. Independent Clause: a clause that can stand alone as asentence, containing a subject and a predicate with a finite verbSentence: -The crew could see the whale-, which had surfacedbehind them.14. Isocolon: a figure of speech or sentence having a parallelstructure formed by the use of two or more clauses, or cola, ofsimilar lengthEx: "He said, she said."15. Loose or Cumulative Sentence: modifiers follow the SVCpattern allowing the strength of the sentence to come first Ex: I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy, and shopped atthe mall.16. Parallelism/ Parallel Structure: expressing similar or relatedideas in similar grammatical structureEx: You need to work quickly and decisively17. Passive Voice: the voice used to indicate that the grammaticalsubject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the actiondenoted by the verbSentence: The bridge was blown up by engineers.18. Periodic Sentence: the main idea comes last in the sentenceleaving the reader with a more powerful last impressionEx: In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the gamecontinued.19. Polysyndeton: the opposite of asyndeton; the use of manyconjuctions has a slowing effectEx: We have ships and men and money and stores.20. Predicate Adjective: an adjective used in the prediate,especially wtih a copulative verb and attributive to the subject orattributive to the direct objectSentence: Everything is funny as long as it is happening tosomebody else.21. Predicate Nominative: a predicate noun or adjective in thenominative caseSentence: For many of us on the team, the fans were anembarrassment.22. Rhetorical Question: questions that do not require an answerEx: infront of a crowd at the beginning of a speech you ask "Howmany of you have ogne fishing?" you're not really waiting for ananswer23. Subject Complement: a word or a group of words, usuallyfunctioning as an adjective or noun, that is used in the predicatefollowing a copula and describes or is identified with the subjectof the sentenceSentence: Ben is a policeman.24. Subordinate Clause: a clause that modifies the principalclause or some part of it or that serves a noun function in theprincipal clauseSentence: The crew could see the whale, -which had surfacedbehind them.-25. Syntax: the grammatical arrangement of words in sentencesAP English Language Jargon B TermsStudy online at quizlet.com/_1fg8l4