B L O C K 12
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Transcript of B L O C K 12
AIRWAYWARMING OF AIRHUMIDIFICATION OF AIRCLEANING OF AIR SMELL (Food)SMELL (Protection)VOICE RESONANCENASAL REFLEXESSEXUAL
FUNCTIONS OF THE NOSE
What can narrow or block a tube?
Something entering the lumen.
Something pushing in from neighbouring structures.
Something that is normally there, changes.
PAIN
Burning
Stabbing
Throbbing
Pressure
BLOCKED
Unilateral
Bilateral
Intermittent
Progressive
DISCHARGE
Watery/Mucoid
Yellow/Green
Blood
ANOSMIA
CACOSMIA
ITCHING
SNEEZING
EPISTAXIS
SINO-NASAL PATHOLOGYSYMPTOMS
Sensory olfactory epithelium
10 million receptor cells with 8-20olfactory cilia (non – motile)
40 nerve bundles transverse the cribiform plate – enter the anteriorcranial fossa and the olfactory bulb
Only volatile substances can be detected by the olfactory neurons and the molecules must be soluble in water and lipids.
Industrialdusts andpollutants
Drugs
Drugs
Medicalinterventions
Neoplasms
Neurological
Nutritional
Psychiatric
Drugs(65)
Endocrine
Infections
Nasal obstruction
Medicalinterventions
If the level of olfaction fluctuates or the use of a intranasal decongestant or steroid improves
olfaction, there is a conductive cause in the nasal space and it can be treated!
⅓
Altered autonomic control
Prolonged QT-interval
Atrial fibrillation
Hypoxia
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
20% MI and 15% sudden death
Depression of respiratory control
Decreased arterial oxygen saturation
Atrial fibrillation
Heart failure
Hypertension
Cardiovascular System