Belum Rainforest Pulau Banding, Gerik, Perak

Macro Site Analysis

History

History of Gerik

• Gerik was covered by thick forest and was under the rule of King Reman.

• In 1870, a few people arrived from Patani by the Hangai River and was headed by a man called Tok Ad. (Tok Sa ad).

Once upon a time

King Reman with his family members

• Not long after that, King Reman, came elephant hunting at Gunung Tujuh, near Kuala Kenderong.

• When King Reman came near to the village, he heard a strange noise from the base of a cluster of

bamboos. He then ordered his men to dig it up to find out what made the strange noises.

• Once it was dug up, they discovered a large number of rats eating the bamboo root. As the root was very hard, the rats made screeching noise.

King Reman thus named the place Gerit Village.

Gerit was later changed from Gerit to Grik, and now to Gerik.

Belommmm… belommmmmmmmmmmmm

ORIGINS OF THE BELUM VALLEY Belum Valley is named after a small river called the river yet located in the most upstream Perak.  The name 'Belum' is given by the first settlers in conjunction with similar grasshopper-like locusts species that produces loud voice 'Belommmm ... belommm ....’

KAMPUNG BELUM LAMAand its existence

o EW Birch’s adventures to Belum Valley. o He notes that several current village Melayu already

existed in the region with a population of 205 people.o He also wrote that there was a European traveler

decades earlier it had reached the area. 

1909

1930

o Communist organizations existed in Malaya. o Originally a communist organization is to spread

communist ideology among people in Malaya and also against European colonial control of Malaya. 

1948o the intervention of China in Kampung Belum. o there have been Chinese who converted to Islam and

married Older people of Belum village. 

1952

o Security forces (paratrooper, army, and police officers and office staff) were involved to oppose the force of communists. 

o After security forces dominated the Belum Valley and surrounding villages, all residents Belum Village has been ordered to evacuate

o They were were broken into five groups (each group consists of about 50 people)

Transfer to Belum Baru Journey across the jungle border of Perak/Thai and parameter of Perak/Kelantan >> Kampung Kalai in Jeli, Kelantan >> Batu Melintang >> Mekong River >> Kampung Jeli (Kelantan) >> military base near Kota Baharu, Kelantan Chepa >> Taiping, Perak >> Gerik Village

1953

o The population of Belum Lama villagers moved hereo They renamed the place named Kampung Belum

Baruo The name Kampung Belum Lama remained to be

with Belum Valley (Lembah Belum) as the villagers were forced to leave the place. 

Transfer of Belum villagers were done hastily because there were no new permanent settlements and perfectly prepared as planned before. 

Not long after the villagers were placed in Gerik, British administrators began looking for a new settlement in Gerik, Perak Lenggong to the field.

Eventually the Belum Lama villagers reluctantly chose Bedang Puru or Padang Puru to live in.

KAMPUNG BELUM BARUand the aftermath

FACTS o Belum Village is a communist hideout, refuge for British colonial crimes

and also the people who oppose British government.

o Belum Valley is located below the state government through the conquest of the kingdom of Siam Thailand on the Malay kingdom of Patani (Reman King or Raja Rahman ).

o The area is also at the time becoming the border of dispute between Britain and Thailand, hence no absolute government enforcement existing either from Thailand or from Perak Government. 

o  The history of the reign of Bintang Tiga after Japan's surrender had taken so many Malay victims; the reason why the Belum Lama cooperated with the

communists even though they basically did not support communism. 

o The communists have made the village yet Lama as a base to supply material and also manpower by force because the area is an area of their tradition.

As Banding Island used to be a part of this rainforest, similarly it is over 130 million years old, making it one of the world's oldest rainforests

(older than both the Amazon and the Congo) (Belum Resort)

Belum Rainforest

Banding Island is a 243-hectare inland island encircled by the Temengor Lake. (Belum Resort)

It is a 130 million year old rainforest island. (Belum Resort)Banding Island is surrounded by a man-made lake created in the late 1960s (completed 1977) by constructing the Temengor Dam and flooding the valleys of the Upper Perak River and its tributaries (originally built to generate hydro-electric power + deprive communist terrorists from Thailand) (Belum Resort) (Journey Malaysia)

Flooded logging workers’ items and an entire Jahai and Temiar village.

• As it is a state park, the Malaysian government is fighting to have it gazette and turn into a national park to exploit the land and its resources.

• The area has been identified as an Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) Rank 1 under the Malaysian National Physical Plan and recognized by Birdlife International as an Important Bird Area.

• The Malaysian federal government has labelled the area as a whole as an essential water catchment area and part of Central Forest Spine and plans to protect the forest under the Malaysian National Forestry Act.

• The state government of Perak however has resisted the effort citing that logging provides the state with more than RM 30 million in revenue. Nevertheless, the state government azette 1,175 square kilometres, part of the Belum forest reserve as state park on May 3 2007.

• The Government wants to see the Royal Belum-Temengor rainforest reserve listed as a Unesco World Heritage site. (The Star, 2014)

Climate & Geography

GEOGRAPHYPulau Banding is an artificial island which is located within Lake Temenggor, Perak, Malaysia. The distance of Pulau Banding is 368km away from Kuala Lumpur. It is the gateway to the world’s oldest rainforest Belum-Temenggor rainforest.

Belum-Temengor Rainforest divided into:

Royal Belum State Park (north) Thailand Border

Tasik Temengor (heart of the Rainforest)covering 15,200 hectares. (Belum Resort)

Temengor Forest Reserve(south)

WIND

The chart shows the average expected wind speed and the maximum recorded wind speed

The Northeast Monsoon (May – Sept) brings heavy rainfall, particularly to the east coast states of Peninsular Malaysia, whereas the Southwest Monsoon (Nov – Mac) normally signifies relatively drier weather. Prevailing wind is obstructed by hills which surround the whole island cause the lack of air movement.

RAINFALL

The chart shows the number of days expected to have rain

Surrounded by a thick and dense forest, the average annual rainfall is high, about 22 500mm and a great amount of precipitate. Highest rainfall is between October-November.

HUMIDITY

The highest humidity recorded was in the month of November, due to less hours of sun and greater precipitation sum.

TEMPERATURE

Having located in a tropical forest of Peninsula Malaysia, Pulau Banding experiences constant hot and humid climate throughout the year. The temperature of the climate ranges from 22 degree Celcius to 32 degree Celsius. The highest temperature is between May to Sept.

SUN PATH

pulau banding - sunpath 1.jp

There is minimal sunlight except noon and afternoon as most of the time the sun is blocked by the clouds.

Authority & Regulation

AUTHORITIESLOCAL AUTHORITY + NGO

LOCAL AUTHORITY Perak State Government

NGOS FRIM ( Forest Research Institute Malaysia )

WWF ( World Wide Fund ) MNS ( Malaysia Nature Society )

EMKAY

Collaborate to put together a proper IMP

Promote sustainable development of Belum-Temengor raiforest ecosystem

*IMP ( Integrated Management Plan ) – Get all related organization and authorities to observe standard procedures related to the activities to be conducted in the forest for sustainability.

Emkay took over Pulau Banding, and helped the local Orang Asli community with additional income by creating jobs.

Emkay is also working with Mercy Malaysia and Malaysia Medical Association Foundation to provide medical aids for the Orang Asli.

NATIONAL FOREST ACT 1998

Construction of any road, building or structure

1) Any person, organ of State or organisation may apply to the Minister for a licence to construct any road, building or other structure.

2) The Minister must approve the building plan or plans for the construction of any road, building or structure.

3) An application for a licence brought in terms of subregulation must –(a) indicate whether the structure to be constructed will be a define the construction phases and the duration of each phase;

and(b)include the design plans, a site map, specifications and a

description of the construction method to be used.

Road Construction Regulation

Designed according to Forest Road Specification 1988 with cross drain at intervals.

No long unbroken stretches running downslopes.

Cross drains should be constructed on roads, at a spacing of 30m or less with a minimum angle of 30 degree, should be designed in a disperse rather than concentrate.

Any culverts must be carefully designed to avoid scour on their down-slope sides.

Road cuts should not be more than 20 degree to ensure a stable slope and not lead to further sliding and slipping.

Road should be constructed against the sunlight in order to speed up the drying process of road surface after a heavy downpour.

Any haulage tracks made to remove trees should be blocked off by bulldozing simple earth barriers across the road at intervals.

WATER ACT 1920 ( ACT 418 )

This law provides for control over development of riverine areas, acts affecting rivers, prohibition of diversion, prohibition of pollution, as well as restriction on construction of walls and buildings on banks of rivers

or within flood channels.

-Erect or build any wall or construct any revetment along the bank of any river or erect any building or structure within fifty feet of any such bank, or within any flood channel declared under this section,

except under and in accordance with the terms of a written permission in that behalf from the State Authority; any such permission may be subject to such conditions and restrictions as the State Authority thinks fit to impose.

Social & Cultural

ORANG ASLI

AUTHORITIES

TOURISTS

RESEARCHERS

SOCIAL & CULTURALHuman Flow iin Belum Rainforest Resort

BELUM RAINFOREST RESORT, PULAU BANDING,GERIK, PERAK

• The minority peoples of peninsular Malaysia. • The name is a malay term which transliterates as 'original peoples' or 'first peoples.' • Each has its own language and culture• Divided into 3 groups : -semai -orang melayu asli -negrito(temiar’ and the ‘jahai’)• Have a chief for every tribe• Live in small tribe in jungle (near river)

SOCIAL & CULTURALORANG ASLI

• Activities: Hunting, Fishing,gathening & Trading  Jungle Products• Hunt With Blowpipes• Engage In Swiddening (Hill Rice Cultivation)• Houses Called Rumah Gadang (Big House), Made By Local Materials

SOCIAL & CULTURALORANG ASLI

BELUM RAINFOREST RESORT, PULAU BANDING,GERIK, PERAK

• Ecotourism Attractions• Job Opportunities

• Land Development• Increase Economy Of The Area• Provide Source Of Basic Needs

SOCIAL & CULTURALACTIVITIES

BELUM RAINFOREST RESORT, PULAU BANDING,GERIK, PERAK

• Culture Enrichment • Exploration Activities• Natural Getway From The City• Strategy Location• Holiday Destination • Bonding Purposes (Families)• increase local economy

SOCIAL & CULTURALTOURISTS

BELUM RAINFOREST RESORT, PULAU BANDING,GERIK, PERAK

• Rich Biodiversity Of Flora And Fauna.• Rainforest Research Spot• Scientific Expedition (Events)• School Program

• Protection And Conservation

SOCIAL & CULTURALRESEARCHERS

BELUM RAINFOREST RESORT, PULAU BANDING,GERIK, PERAK

WATERFALLSRAFFLESIAORANG ASLI SETTLEMENTS

BIRD WATCHINGSALT LICKS

BELUM RAINFOREST RESORT, PULAU BANDING,GERIK, PERAK

SOCIAL & CULTURAL

• CAN BE TOUR GUIDE, SELLING CRAFTS AND PERFORMING TRADITIONAL CULTURE PERFORMANCE

• JABATAN KEMAJUAN ORANG ASLI (JAKOA) GIVING HELP IN EDUCATION, HEALTH AWARENESS AND JOB OPPORTUNITIES.

• THE GOVERNMENT AND NGOS WORK TOGETHER IN PROMOTE EARLIER EDUCATION FOR THE CHILDREN.

JOB OPPORTUNITY GIVEN IN RESORT

PROVIDE HOSPITALITY

CONSERVATION

CULTURAL INFULENCE

ATTRACTION

DISTRBUNCE

SOURCES EXPLOITATION

LAND DEVELOPMENT

SOCIAL & CULTURAL INFLUENCE

BELUM RAINFOREST RESORT, PULAU BANDING,GERIK, PERAK

Thank you

WORKS CITED• Banding Island,. 'Banding Island'. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.• Belumresort.com,. 'Experience Nature's Paradise | Beautiful Malaysia Rainforest | Belum Rainforest Resort'.

N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.• Wonderfulmalaysia.com,. 'Royal Belum State Park | Wonderful Malaysia'. N.p., 2015. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.• The Malaysian Nature Society. "Every name helps keep our forests intact. We need more.“• Novista. "Temenggor - Biodiversity In The Face of Danger“• The Star,. 'Govt Eyes Unesco Heritage Listing For Belum-Temengor Rainforest Reserve'. 2015. Web. 10 Sept.

2015.