man pages section 1: User Commands

Part No: 816–5165–17August 2011

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U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS

Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government customers are "commercial computer software" or"commercial technical data" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, duplication,disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government contract, and, to the extentapplicable by the terms of the Government contract, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software License (December 2007).Oracle America, Inc., 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065.

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This software or hardware is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherentlydangerous applications, including applications that may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software or hardware in dangerous applications, then you shallbe responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure its safe use. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim anyliability for any damages caused by use of this software or hardware in dangerous applications.

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Contents

Preface ...................................................................................................................................................19

Introduction .........................................................................................................................................23Intro(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 24

User Commands ...................................................................................................................................29acctcom(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 30adb(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 33addbib(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 34alias(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 36allocate(1) ......................................................................................................................................... 39amt(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 41appcert(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 42apptrace(1) ......................................................................................................................................... 49apropos(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 53ar(1) ...................................................................................................................................................... 55arch(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 59as(1) ...................................................................................................................................................... 60asa(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 65at(1) ...................................................................................................................................................... 67atq(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 74atrm(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 75audioconvert(1) ................................................................................................................................. 76audioplay(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 80audiorecord(1) ................................................................................................................................... 83auths(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 86auto_ef(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 88

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awk(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 91banner(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 97basename(1) ......................................................................................................................................... 98basename(1B) ..................................................................................................................................... 100bc(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 101bdiff(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 105bfs(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 106biff(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 110break(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 111cal(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 113calendar(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 114cancel(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 116cat(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 118cc(1B) .................................................................................................................................................. 121cd(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 123cdrw(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 127checknr(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 133chgrp(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 135chkey(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 138chmod(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 140chown(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 158chown(1B) ........................................................................................................................................... 161ckdate(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 162ckgid(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 165ckint(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 167ckitem(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 169ckkeywd(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 172ckpath(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 174ckrange(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 177ckstr(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 180cksum(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 183cktime(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 185ckuid(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 187ckyorn(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 189clear(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 191cmp(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 192

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col(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 194comm(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 196command(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 198compress(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 201coproc(1F) ......................................................................................................................................... 204cp(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 208cpio(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 212cpp(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 220cputrack(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 226crle(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 231crontab(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 241crypt(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 246csh(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 248csplit(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 274ct(1C) ................................................................................................................................................. 277ctags(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 279ctrun(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 282ctstat(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 285ctwatch(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 288cu(1C) ................................................................................................................................................. 290cut(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 297date(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 300dc(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 304deallocate(1) ................................................................................................................................... 307deroff(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 309df(1B) .................................................................................................................................................. 310dhcpinfo(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 312diff(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 315diff3(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 319diffmk(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 321digest(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 322dircmp(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 324dis(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 325dispgid(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 327dispuid(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 328dos2unix(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 329

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download(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 331dpost(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 333dtappsession(1) ............................................................................................................................... 336du(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 338du(1B) .................................................................................................................................................. 341dump(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 343dumpcs(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 346echo(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 347echo(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 350echo(1F) .............................................................................................................................................. 351ed(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 352edit(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 366egrep(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 371eject(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 374elfdump(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 377elfedit(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 383elfsign(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 393elfwrap(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 398enable(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 401encrypt(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 403enhance(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 406env(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 408eqn(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 410error(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 414ex(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 417exec(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 428exit(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 430expand(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 432exportfs(1B) ..................................................................................................................................... 434expr(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 435expr(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 439exstr(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 442face(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 446factor(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 447fastboot(1B) ..................................................................................................................................... 448fdformat(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 449

Contents

man pages section 1: User Commands • August 20116

fgrep(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 453file(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 456file(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 459filesync(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 461find(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 469finger(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 477fmlcut(1F) ......................................................................................................................................... 480fmlexpr(1F) ....................................................................................................................................... 482fmlgrep(1F) ....................................................................................................................................... 485fmli(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 487fmt(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 489fmtmsg(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 490fold(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 494from(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 496ftp(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 497ftpcount(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 512ftpwho(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 513gcore(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 514gencat(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 516geniconvtbl(1) ................................................................................................................................. 519genlayouttbl(1) ............................................................................................................................... 522genmsg(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 538getconf(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 544getfacl(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 551getfrm(1F) ......................................................................................................................................... 555getitems(1F) ..................................................................................................................................... 556getlabel(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 557getopt(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 558getoptcvt(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 560getopts(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 563gettext(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 569gettxt(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 571getzonepath(1) ................................................................................................................................. 573glob(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 574gprof(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 575graph(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 580

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grep(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 582groups(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 587groups(1B) ......................................................................................................................................... 588grpck(1B) ........................................................................................................................................... 589hash(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 590head(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 592history(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 594hostid(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 603hostname(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 604iconv(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 605idnconv(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 608indicator(1F) ................................................................................................................................... 613indxbib(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 615install(1B) ....................................................................................................................................... 616ipcrm(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 618ipcs(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 620isainfo(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 624isalist(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 626jobs(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 627join(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 634kbd(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 637kdestroy(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 643keylogin(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 645keylogout(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 647kill(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 648kinit(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 652klist(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 657kmdb(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 659kmfcfg(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 665kpasswd(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 673krb5-config(1) ................................................................................................................................. 674ksh(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 676ktutil(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 727lari(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 729last(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 737lastcomm(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 739

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man pages section 1: User Commands • August 20118

ld(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 741ld(1B) .................................................................................................................................................. 761ldap(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 762ldapdelete(1) ................................................................................................................................... 766ldaplist(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 772ldapmodify(1) ................................................................................................................................... 778ldapmodrdn(1) ................................................................................................................................... 786ldapsearch(1) ................................................................................................................................... 792ldd(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 802ld.so.1(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 808let(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 817lex(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 818limit(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 830line(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 835lint(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 836list_devices(1) ............................................................................................................................... 838listusers(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 842llc2_autoconfig(1) ......................................................................................................................... 843llc2_config(1) ................................................................................................................................. 844llc2_stats(1) ................................................................................................................................... 846ln(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 854ln(1B) .................................................................................................................................................. 857loadkeys(1) ....................................................................................................................................... 860locale(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 861localedef(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 864logger(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 869logger(1B) ......................................................................................................................................... 871login(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 873logname(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 881logout(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 882look(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 883lookbib(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 884lorder(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 885lp(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 886lpc(1B) ............................................................................................................................................... 894lpq(1B) ............................................................................................................................................... 898

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lpr(1B) ............................................................................................................................................... 900lprm(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 903lpstat(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 905lptest(1B) ......................................................................................................................................... 909ls(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 910ls(1B) .................................................................................................................................................. 921m4(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 924mac(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 930mach(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 932machid(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 933madv.so.1(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 935mail(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 939mail(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 945mailcompat(1) ................................................................................................................................... 946mailp(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 948mailq(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 950mailstats(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 952mailx(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 954make(1S) .............................................................................................................................................. 979man(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1015mconnect(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1021mcs(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1022mdb(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1024mesg(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1068message(1F) ..................................................................................................................................... 1069mixerctl(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1071mkdir(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1073mkmsgs(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1075mkstr(1B) ......................................................................................................................................... 1077mktemp(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1079moe(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1082more(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1084mp(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1091mpss.so.1(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1099msgfmt(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1102mt(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1108

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mv(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1111nawk(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1114nca(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1135ncab2clf(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1137ncakmod(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1139newform(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1140newgrp(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1143news(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1145newtask(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1146nice(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1148NIS+(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1150niscat(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1165nischgrp(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1168nischmod(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1170nischown(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1173nischttl(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1175nisdefaults(1) ............................................................................................................................... 1177niserror(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1180nisgrpadm(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1181nisln(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1184nisls(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1186nismatch(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1188nismkdir(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1191nisopaccess(1) ............................................................................................................................... 1194nispasswd(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1197nisrm(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1201nisrmdir(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1202nistbladm(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1204nistest(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1210nl(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1212nm(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1215nohup(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1220nroff(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1224od(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1227on(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1234optisa(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1236

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pack(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1237pagesize(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1240pargs(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1241passwd(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1243paste(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1253patch(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1256pathchk(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1261pathconv(1F) ................................................................................................................................... 1264pax(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1266perl(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1298pfexec(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1305pg(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1307pgrep(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1312pkginfo(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1316pkgmk(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1318pkgparam(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1321pkgproto(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1323pkgtrans(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1325pktool(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1329plabel(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1344plimit(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1345plot(1B) ........................................................................................................................................... 1347pmap(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1349postdaisy(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1358postdmd(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1360postio(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1362postmd(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1365postplot(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1368postprint(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1370postreverse(1) ............................................................................................................................... 1372posttek(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1374ppgsz(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1376ppriv(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1379pr(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1383praliases(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1387prctl(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1388

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preap(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1394prex(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1396print(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1408printenv(1B) ................................................................................................................................... 1409printf(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1410priocntl(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1415proc(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1426prof(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1430profiles(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1434projects(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1436ps(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1438ps(1B) ................................................................................................................................................ 1448ptree(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1451pvs(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1453pwd(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1458ranlib(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1459rcapstat(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1460rcp(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1464rdist(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1468read(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1476readfile(1F) ................................................................................................................................... 1479readonly(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1480refer(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1482regcmp(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1484regex(1F) ......................................................................................................................................... 1486reinit(1F) ....................................................................................................................................... 1488renice(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1489reset(1F) ......................................................................................................................................... 1492rlogin(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1493rm(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1497rmformat(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1501roffbib(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1507roles(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1509rpcgen(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1511rpm2cpio(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1516rsh(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1517

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run(1F) .............................................................................................................................................. 1522runat(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1524rup(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1527rup(1C) ............................................................................................................................................. 1528ruptime(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1529rusage(1B) ....................................................................................................................................... 1530rusers(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1532rwho(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1533sag(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1534sar(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1536sccs(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1541sccs-admin(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1552sccs-cdc(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1557sccs-comb(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1559sccs-delta(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1561sccs-get(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1564sccs-help(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1570sccs-prs(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1571sccs-prt(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1575sccs-rmdel(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1578sccs-sact(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1579sccs-sccsdiff(1) ........................................................................................................................... 1580sccs-unget(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1581sccs-val(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1582scp(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1584script(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1586sdiff(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1587sed(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1589sed(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 1597set(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1603set(1F) .............................................................................................................................................. 1609setcolor(1F) ................................................................................................................................... 1611setfacl(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1612setlabel(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1616setpgrp(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1618sftp(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1619

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sh(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1623shell(1F) ......................................................................................................................................... 1644shell_builtins(1) ......................................................................................................................... 1645shift(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1649shutdown(1B) ................................................................................................................................... 1650size(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1651sleep(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1653snmpstatus(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1654soelim(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1656sort(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1657sortbib(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1664sotruss(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1666spell(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1668spline(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1670split(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1671srchtxt(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1673ssh(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1676ssh-add(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1687ssh-agent(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1689ssh-http-proxy-connect(1) ........................................................................................................ 1691ssh-keygen(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1693ssh-keyscan(1) ............................................................................................................................... 1697ssh-socks5-proxy-connect(1) .................................................................................................... 1699strchg(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1701strings(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1704strip(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1706stty(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1708stty(1B) ........................................................................................................................................... 1716sum(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1723sum(1B) ............................................................................................................................................. 1724suspend(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1725svcprop(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1726svcs(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1730symorder(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1737sysV-make(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1738tabs(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1745

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tail(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1749talk(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1752tar(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1755tbl(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1767tcopy(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1769tee(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1770telnet(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1771test(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1784test(1B) ........................................................................................................................................... 1792test(1F) ............................................................................................................................................ 1794tftp(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1796time(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1799times(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1801timex(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1802tip(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1804tnfdump(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1813tnfxtract(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1819touch(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1821touch(1B) ......................................................................................................................................... 1825tplot(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1826tput(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1827tr(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1832tr(1B) ................................................................................................................................................ 1837trap(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1838troff(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1840true(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1843truss(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1844tset(1B) ........................................................................................................................................... 1852tsort(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1857tty(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1859type(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1860typeset(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1861ucblinks(1B) ................................................................................................................................... 1863ul(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1864umask(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1865uname(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1869

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unifdef(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1872uniq(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1874units(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1877unix2dos(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1879uptime(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1881users(1B) ......................................................................................................................................... 1882uucp(1C) ........................................................................................................................................... 1883uuencode(1C) ................................................................................................................................... 1887uuglist(1C) ..................................................................................................................................... 1891uustat(1C) ....................................................................................................................................... 1892uuto(1C) ........................................................................................................................................... 1896uux(1C) ............................................................................................................................................. 1899vacation(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1903vc(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1906vgrind(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1909vi(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1912vipw(1B) ........................................................................................................................................... 1923volcancel(1) ................................................................................................................................... 1924volcheck(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1925volmissing(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1927volrmmount(1) ................................................................................................................................. 1928vsig(1F) ............................................................................................................................................ 1930w(1) .................................................................................................................................................... 1931wait(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1933wc(1) .................................................................................................................................................. 1936what(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1938whatis(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1940whereis(1B) ..................................................................................................................................... 1941which(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1943who(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1944whoami(1B) ....................................................................................................................................... 1947whocalls(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1948whois(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1949write(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1950xargs(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1953xgettext(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1958

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xstr(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1960yacc(1) .............................................................................................................................................. 1962yes(1) ................................................................................................................................................ 1965ypcat(1) ............................................................................................................................................ 1966ypmatch(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1967yppasswd(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1968ypwhich(1) ........................................................................................................................................ 1969zlogin(1) .......................................................................................................................................... 1970zonename(1) ..................................................................................................................................... 1973

Contents

man pages section 1: User Commands • August 201118

Preface

Both novice users and those familar with the SunOS operating system can use online man pagesto obtain information about the system and its features. A man page is intended to answerconcisely the question “What does it do?” The man pages in general comprise a referencemanual. They are not intended to be a tutorial.

OverviewThe following contains a brief description of each man page section and the information itreferences:■ Section 1 describes, in alphabetical order, commands available with the operating system.■ Section 1M describes, in alphabetical order, commands that are used chiefly for system

maintenance and administration purposes.■ Section 2 describes all of the system calls. Most of these calls have one or more error returns.

An error condition is indicated by an otherwise impossible returned value.■ Section 3 describes functions found in various libraries, other than those functions that

directly invoke UNIX system primitives, which are described in Section 2.■ Section 4 outlines the formats of various files. The C structure declarations for the file

formats are given where applicable.■ Section 5 contains miscellaneous documentation such as character-set tables.■ Section 6 contains available games and demos.■ Section 7 describes various special files that refer to specific hardware peripherals and device

drivers. STREAMS software drivers, modules and the STREAMS-generic set of system callsare also described.

■ Section 9 provides reference information needed to write device drivers in the kernelenvironment. It describes two device driver interface specifications: the Device DriverInterface (DDI) and the Driver/Kernel Interface (DKI).

■ Section 9E describes the DDI/DKI, DDI-only, and DKI-only entry-point routines adeveloper can include in a device driver.

■ Section 9F describes the kernel functions available for use by device drivers.■ Section 9S describes the data structures used by drivers to share information between the

driver and the kernel.

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Below is a generic format for man pages. The man pages of each manual section generallyfollow this order, but include only needed headings. For example, if there are no bugs to report,there is no BUGS section. See the intro pages for more information and detail about eachsection, and man(1) for more information about man pages in general.

NAME This section gives the names of the commands or functionsdocumented, followed by a brief description