Awareness on the Risk Factors Contributing MALUPET To

8/11/2019 Awareness on the Risk Factors Contributing MALUPET To

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A Thesis Presented toThe Faculty of the College of Nursing

Our Lady of Fatima University

Antipolo City

In Partial Fulfillmet of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

Cabrales, Jeselle G.Ibasan, Marie Peachy R.

Palgan, Jomark B.

Suralvo, Daryl C.

Tanay, JaichelleVentura Kenn Hector C.


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IntroductionBreast cancer hits you like a slap on the face.

Your life is forever changed. There will alwaysfear of the unknown along every step of the

journey. It makes you reevaluate what isimportant and turns your focus on becomingwell again. If caught early it is better, you canpossibly get by only with some chemotherapy.At worst you could lose your life. Anyone canbe at risk of having breast cancer.


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Cancer of the breast in women is a majorhealth burden worldwide. There are about 1.38million new cases and 458,000 deaths from

breast cancer each year. (International Agencyfor Research on Cancer, Globocan, 2008).

There is no single, specific cause of breastcancer; rather, a combination of hormonal,

genetic, and possibly environmental eventsmay contribute to its development (Smeltzer &Bare, 2009). Therefore, early detection of the

disease remains the cornerstone of breastcancer control.


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The majority of deaths (269,000) occur in lowand middle-income countries, where mostwomen with breast cancer are diagnosed in late

stages due mainly to lack of awareness on earlydetection and barriers to health services (WorldHealth Organization, 2013).

According to Dr. Felycette Lapus of

Philippine Society of Medical Oncology, breastcancer is now the leading cancer siteovertaking lung cancer for both sexes in the

Philippines (i.e. 15% of all cancers)(Santos,2012). It is also the number one cause ofcancer morbidity and


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mortality among Filipino womenaccounting for almost 30% of all

female malignancies. In Asia, thePhilippines are among the countrieswith the highest age standardized

incidence rate for breast cancer.Survival rate for breast cancer in thePhilippines is below 40% compared

to the high survival rates of 80-98%already achieved in developedcountries (Department of Health,

2010).


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Since the breast is often linked withfemininity, attractiveness andnurturance, breast cancer is dreadedand feared by most women. Althoughthe risk of getting or acquiring thedisease is increased with familial

history, it is important to know thatcancer can develop even without afamily history of the disease. Several

factors put us at risk of developingcarcinoma of the breast. These includeage, gender, familial history, health

habits and our lifestyles.


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Health habits pertain to theprecautionary measures werepeatedly or habitually do toprotect, to keep and to maintain ourbodys health state. On the otherhand lifestyle pertains to the way of

life that reflects the attitudes orvalues of a person or group.

Health habits and lifestyles

contribute to ones well being. It isvery much evident that our healthpractices help us to be free and be

cured from simple diseases.


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Among the mentioned risk factors,health habits and lifestyles are

considered to be the weakest way ofdeveloping the disease. In relation tothe development of breast cancer in

women, these two factors provide alink to the development of thedisease. It has been said that

carcinoma of the breast can bebrought about by external factorssuch as bad lifestyle and poor health

habits.


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It is very important that every woman isaware and knowledgeable enough to know theroot causes of breast cancer. In this manner,

prevention of the disease is likely to happen.Prevention of breast cancer is more effective ifproper and adequate information isdisseminated. It is also important that at an

early age, women have an idea of the diseaseand how it can be cured, or better yet how itcan be prevented.


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Women should be properly informed thatbreast cancer even at their early age can hitthem and would likely cause death if ignored

even in their most productive years. In thiscase, if the disease remained undiagnosed it isfeared that young women would not reachtheir ultimate and productive years in life. But

through proper information dissemination,good health habits and lifestyles, the risk ofdeveloping breast cancer is decreased.


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In this study, which is entitled Awarenesson the Risk Factors Contributing to theDevelopment of Breast Cancer in Young

Women, the following purposes are given: tostudy the factors associated with breast cancer;to study the association between breast cancerand exposure variables and to identify risk

factors for breast cancer.


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This study aimed to assess the

Awareness on the Risk FactorsContributing to the Development ofBreast Cancer in Young Women. To

further understand the objectives ofthis study, the researchersspecifically attempted to answer theproblems presented:

h h d h f l f h


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1. What is the demographic profile of therespondents in terms of?

1.a Age

1.b Civil Status2. What is the census of the respondents in

terms of:

2.a Familial history of breast cancer2.b Knowledge on proper breast selfexamination

3. What are the different health habits and

lifestyle the respondents put into practice?4. Is there any relationship between health

habits and lifestyle to the development of

breast cancer?

h i


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Hypothesis

There is no significant relationship

of the health habits and lifestyle ofthe respondent to the developmentof breast cancer.

Significance of the Study

There is much reason why the

researchers conducted the studyregarding the research problem, asthe findings will be important andvaluable to:


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Young Women

This study aimed to serve its

purpose in the further disseminationof information about breast cancer,the reasons why women get breast

cancer in the absence of familialhistory and why there is a continuousgrowth of breast cancer incidence rate

among women especially in ourcountry. In this research the youngwomen, will be more aware of what

they can do to enhance or modify


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Family

The researchers will be able to createawareness among family members as to how

dangerous breast cancer if it remains untreatedfor long period of time. The knowledge thatresearchers will share to the family will spreadby teaching their new generations of their

family. They will have enough knowledge toprevent the disease and will somehow decreasethe number of incidence of having breastcancer in all women


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Community

This study may explore access to health carein women by observing the association with

use of health services after health screening.This study has potential implications fordelivery of Health services, development ofinterventions to influence practice, and health

policy. Potential Health care deliveryimplications include risk recognition for non-completion of care, greater efficiency and costeffectiveness.


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Possible health care practiceimplications include development of

interventions to remove barriers tofollow- up after health screening and

improve patient outcomes. Studies

with focus upon improvement inorganizational processes to facilitateaccess to care have possible

implications for other healthscreening programs, communityhealth centers and health policy.


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Nursing Practice

In nursing practice, the data of this

study might be useful to assess thewomens level of education on the riskfactors of developing breast cancerrelating to their lifestyle and healthhabits. These socio-demographicassessments might enableimplementation of strategies that might

not only initiate the adoption of lessrisky health practices. They areconsiderable resources for enabling and

reinforcing health promoting behaviors.

D f H l h


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Department of Health

The health workers may know a lot of

things about breast cancer that arebroader and more extensive than thethesis definition. But the study wouldbe very beneficial to the health workersin a way that they can do necessarymeasures such as putting up a seminaror health updates which can help

educate and inform the concernedpeople on the possible effects of healthhabits and lifestyles to the progress of

breast cancer.

N i A d


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Nursing Academe

This study will be more useful for

not only for the nursing students butfor the patients who receivesinformation from the nursing

students by teaching them about theawareness of breast cancer. Thestudy may contribute more

information that may help thesociety to be aware and to decreasethe risk of having breast cancer in all

women.

A h d b b


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As the new study about breastcancer and for the next generations,

they will have knowledge todetermine of what informationnewly discovered to give them

another baseline to create also a newstudy about the awareness of thebreast cancer and have their chance

to have a newly discovery aboutbreast cancer.

F t R h


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Future Researcher

The future researchers would haveadditional resources for different thesis topics

that can be stored and retrieved by the nursingfaculty and nursing students. The researchstudy can guide the users specially the studentson future research work the students will be

having. The research office could then have anexpanded resource that can accommodate theneeds of the students during research throughthe addition of this research study.


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The general purpose of the study is to arouse

the awareness of the young women of thecommunity regarding their health habits andlifestyles that can later on pose a threat to theirhealth. The researchers focused on the

lifestyles, which include the good and badpractices they have. The researchers alsoinclude the different health disciplines theyhabitually do in their healthy status. The

lifestyle and health habits are part of the riskfactors which can potentiate breast cancer.


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The following terms were definedoperationally for better understanding of thestudy.

Carcinoma of the breast. Popularly known as

breast cancer, it is the malignancy of the breastthat can be fatal and often affects women.

Health habits. Pertains to the practiceshabitually done to keep or maintain onesphysical well-being or oneshealthy state.

Ri k f t Th ibl


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Risk factors. These are possibleways, or variety of elements that can

cause diseases. Acquired. Not present at birth but

develops later in time.

Vices. Habits that can be dangerousand can pose a threat to oneshealth.


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Theoretical Framework

TravissIllness-Wellness ContinuumTravis and Ryan believed that it is possible

to be physically ill and at the same timeoriented toward wellness or physically healthyand at the same time function from illnessmentally.

The treatment model can help an individual

move from left only to the neutral point, wheresymptoms of the illness are alleviated.Wellness oriented measure in any point on thecontinuum can initiate wellness intervention.

I b t di i t f


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In breast cancer disease, in terms ofthe health habits and lifestyle related toits development being in the left neutralpoint, there is the presence of signs andsymptoms and if the client cannotmanage the unhealthy health habits and

lifestyle it can lead to disability ordeath. At this point it is very importantthat in every client with breast cancer,

management like exercise, balanced dietand continuous medication is very vitalto have an optimum health.


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well being of a woman. This theoryshows the importance of proper

awareness and education of theclient and how they cope to therecovery.


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Conceptual Framework

There is no significant relationship of thehealth habits and lifestyle of the respondent tothe development of breast cancer.


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THE ENDTHANKYOU

Awareness on the Risk Factors Contributing MALUPET To

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