AVT Presentation

1Audiovisual TranslationAudiovisual TranslationScenariosScenarios

Dr Jorge Daz CintasRoehampton University, London

[email protected] des SaarlandesUniversitt des Saarlandes2 November 20072 November 2007

2SubtitlingSurtitling

Interpretation

Dubbing

Voice-over

NarrationSign Language Interpreting

New practicesSubtitling for the deaf and the hard-of-hearingAudio description for the blind and the partially sightedAudio subtitling

AVT ModesAVT Modes

3ReceptionReceptionOrigins

IlliteracyPolitical repressionEconomic factorsCustom and habitArtistic and aesthetic value

ChangesDubbing vs subtitling countries

Spain, France, GermanyGreece, DenmarkBaltic States

cinema, television (public/commercial), DVD, Internet, mobile...

Subtitling

FastCheapFlexible

4Number of channelsAnalogue / digitalDVDMultimedia products

Videogames (interactive software)Internet (streaming)

Online teachingPersonal use

blogs, YouTubeCommercial use

Newspapers, TV channels, advertising, films to download, etc.Fansubs, fandubs, webtoons, scanlations...L33t

Mobile technologyPodcasts

AVT importanceEasy receptionVast array of genres

DistributionDistribution

5Quantity8 dubbed / 32 subtitledRegionsMore translation

VAM, music, corporate videos, videogames...Extras and collectors editionsRe-launch of classical films, TV series, documentariesInternet streaming

Quality

Privileged viewerConventions

New practices

DVD > HDDVD > HD--DVD / DVD / BluBlu--rayray

6Subtitling equipment

FreewaredotSub, Subtitle Workshop

Sound detection

Voice recognition

Machine translation

Translate TV

Musa

E-title

Demos

Templates

TechnologyTechnology

7Subtitling may be defined as a translation practice that consists of presenting a written text, generally on the lower part of the screen, that endeavours to recount the original dialogue of the speakers, as well as the discursive elements that appear in the image (letters, inserts, graffiti, inscriptions, placards, and the like), and the information that is contained on the soundtrack (songs, voices off).

DefinitionDefinition

8Translation

or

Adaptation?

9Constraint translation, transadaptation

Film translation, cinema translation

Screen translation, audiovisual translation

Multimedia translation

It has to be understood that the subtitled text is not a proper translation, but rather a simple adaptation that preserves the general meaning of the original.

Pommier (1988:22)

10

According to parameters

LinguisticPreparation timeTechnicalProjectionDistribution

ClassificationClassification

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Intralingual SDHDidacticKaraokeDialects & accentsCommercials

InterlingualHearersDeaf and Hard-of-Hearing

Bilingual

Linguistic parameters

12

Preparation time

Pre-prepared = off-lineComplete sentencesReduced

Live = realtime = on-lineHuman

StenographyVoice recognition

Machine translation

Technical parametersOpenClosed

13

Projection methodsMechanical and thermal PhotochemicalOpticalLaserElectronic

Distribution formatCinemaTelevisionVideo, VHSDVDInternet (= streaming)Mobile technology

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Semiotic dimensionVerbal signs transmitted acoustically

dialogue, monologue

Non-verbal signs transmitted acousticallybackground noise, music

Verbal signs transmitted visuallycredits, letters, documents, banners

Non-verbal signs transmitted visuallygestures, kinesics

General characteristicsGeneral characteristics

15

Reduction

Delivery of originalReading speed

Total or partial

Change of medium

Oral to written

General characteristicsGeneral characteristics

16

Maximum of 2 linesSafe area

Position on screenBackground

28 to 40 spaces per lineType of fontFont size

Characters / pixelsProportional lettering

Spatial considerations

17

Spotting, cueing, timing, originating

SynchronisationFrames per secondTimecodes (TCR)6-second ruleWords per minuteCharacters per second

Shot changes

Gap between subtitles

Temporal considerations

18

Seconds : frames

Spaces Seconds : frames

Spaces

01:0001:0401:0801:1201:1601:20

172023262830

02:0002:0402:0802:1202:1602:20

353739434549

Seconds : frames



Spaces

03:0003:0403:0803:1203:1603:20

535557626568

04:0004:0404:0804:1204:1604:20

707376767777

05:0005:0405:0805:1205:1605:2006:00

78787878787878

180 wordsper minute

19

*Structured titles

0001 : 10:00:00:04 10:00:01:22C1Y00 C1Y00 One, two, three, four...

0002 : 10:01:21:08 10:01:25:04C1Y00 Steady now...C1Y00 You can't see the cities anymore.

0003 : 10:01:25:06 10:01:27:18C1Y00 C1Y00 What cities?

0004 : 10:01:27:20 10:01:31:05C1Y00 C1Y00 Beautiful. You're on Texas now.

0005 : 10:01:31:07 10:01:34:12C1Y00 C1Y00

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Image

+

Text

21

Mugsy, take this rabbitinto the other room and let him have it.

Okay, boss.

All right, Mugsy, let me have it.

Come, come. You heard what the boss said. Let me have it.

Okay, but

Thats better.

Bugs Bunny

22

Bugs Bunny

23

Our story today begins with Tigger,

who was, on this beautiful spring day,

helping Rabbit with his spring-cleaning.

That's right. See, I spring

and all clean.

Winnie the Pooh

24

Winnie the Pooh

25

We never had children, but its easy to empathize.

- What college does your son attend?- Brown.

Nice color.

Manhattan Murder Mystery

26


27

German

Sub

Eine nette Farbe.

Dub

Eine schne Farbe.


28

Spanish French

Sub

Bonito color. Jolie couleur.[Nice color.] [Nice color.]

Dub

Secadores de primera. Excellent chanteur.[First class hair dryers.] [Excellent singer.]


29

Italian

Sub- Che studi compie vostro figlio?- Economia alla Brown.[- Which studies is your son completing?- Economics in Brown.]

Un risparmiatore.[A thrifty one.]

Dub

Alla Brown, cosa fa il vostro figlio?Economia.Risparmiatore.


30

Vielen Dank!

[email protected]

Audiovisual TranslationScenariosAVT ModesReceptionDistributionDVD > HD-DVD / Blu-rayTechnologyDefinitionTranslationor Adaptation?Constraint translation, transadaptationFilm translation, cinema translationScreen translation, audiovisual translationClassificationLinguistic parametersGeneral characteristicsGeneral characteristicsSpatial considerationsTemporal considerationsImage+TextMugsy, take this rabbitinto the other room and let him have it. Okay, boss. All right, Mugsy, let me have it.Come, coBugs BunnyOur story today begins with Tigger,who was, on this beautiful spring day, helping Rabbit with his spring-cleaning. ThWinnie the PoohWe never had children, but its easy to empathize.- What college does your son attend?- Brown.Nice color.Manhattan Murder MysteryGermanSubEine nette Farbe.DubEine schne Farbe.SpanishFrenchSubBonito color.Jolie couleur.[Nice color.][Nice color.]DubSecadores de primera. ExceItalianSub- Che studi compie vostro figlio?- Economia alla Brown. [- Which studies is your son completing? - Ec

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