Avian Botulism in the Distressed Great Lakes Dr. Brenda Moraska Lafrancois National Park Service...
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Transcript of Avian Botulism in the Distressed Great Lakes Dr. Brenda Moraska Lafrancois National Park Service...
![Page 1: Avian Botulism in the Distressed Great Lakes Dr. Brenda Moraska Lafrancois National Park Service U.S. Geological Survey Congressional Briefing Washington,](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649ce05503460f949aaa59/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Avian Botulism in the Distressed Great Lakes
Dr. Brenda Moraska LafrancoisNational Park Service
U.S. Geological Survey Congressional BriefingWashington, DC
November 18, 2011
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• Contain nearly 20% of the world’s fresh water
• Home to more than 35 million people
• “…nourish the history, culture, economy, and well-being of the people…” GLRC 2005
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Apostle Islands
Grand Portage
Indiana Dunes
Isle Royale
Pictured Rocks
Sleeping Bear Dunes
Sleeping Bear Dunes
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Great Lakes in Distress
• Toxic Substances• Habitat and Wildlife
Degradation• Nearshore Health• Invasive Species
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“…there are 437 trillion quaggas in Lake Michigan alone, based on 2010 surveys. That's about 45 million quaggas for every person in Michigan.”Detroit Free Press, Oct 2, 2011
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Botulism Background• Botulism is the most significant cause of wild
bird mortality worldwide• Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT/E) is the most
toxic substance known to science• Approximately 100,000 dead birds in Great
Lakes since 2000 • More than 5,000 birds at Sleeping Bear Dunes
since 2006• Role of invasives?
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SedimentSediment
Many Potential Pathways
D. Blehert, USGS (2008)
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The NPS-USGS Collaboration
• NPS Provides:– High profile study site– Local support for field
operation– Management
opportunities– “Parks for science”
• USGS Provides:– Broad technical
expertise and tools– Commitment to sister
agency needs– “Partner-driven science”
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Botulism Project Goals
• Understand what drives toxin production and transfer to fish and birds
• Develop management options
GLRI Nearshore Health Objective:
“By 2014, …the number and severity of incidences of harmful algal blooms (HABs), avian botulism, and/or excessive Cladophora growth will be significantly reduced from 2008 levels.”
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The Team & The Approach• Wildlife biologists• Fishery biologists• Ecosystem ecologists• Invertebrate biologists• Microbiologists• Water quality specialists• Hydrographers• GIS specialists• Citizen scientists
Whole EcosystemApproach
Multiple DisciplinesMultiple ScalesMultiple Tools
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Toxin Assay
Waterbird distribution and foraging
From molecules…
…to migratorypathways
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Epidemiological Synthesis
Lake Bottom Mapping & Sampling
From the shore…
…to the open water
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Paleolimnology and Historiography
Lake Michigan Water Levels and Bird Mortality1960-2008
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Lake
Mic
higa
n/H
uron
Lev
el (
m)
175.6
175.8
176.0
176.2
176.4
176.6
176.8
177.0
177.2
177.4
Mor
talit
y (#
Bird
s)
10
100
1000
10000
100000
Nearshore Monitoring
From historical…
…to contemporary
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*Lafrancois et al. 2011 J. Great Lakes Research 37:86-91Photo credit: National Geographic Society
Progress & DiscoveriesDeveloped:
– NEW toxin assay– NEW citizen science program– NEW nearshore monitoring station
Discovered:– Hot spots for birds, Cladophora, and C. botulinum– Historic outbreaks linked to lake levels and temps*– And so much more!
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Next Steps• Synthesize and integrate• Develop predictive ecological model• Minimize mortality
– Discourage toxin production– Break food web linkages– Manage bird exposure during nesting and
migration
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Collaboration!
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ContactBrenda Moraska Lafrancois
Watch“Little Things, Big Problems – Aquatic Invaders”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDx0tN8hUBE