Average Per capita Consumption of Electric Light Share of

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Average Per capita Consumption of Electric Light Share of Residential Light by major Lighting Technologies

Average Per capita Residential Lighting Consumption Lighting Electricity Consumption Share by Sectors

Source: Paul Waide, IEA (2008)A. Sarkar & Z. Sadeque, World Bank

EETG Presentation, July 8 2010

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Source: Wolfgang Gregor, OSRAM (2009)

A. Sarkar & Z. Sadeque, World Bank


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In addition, intelligent, smart controls such as daylight harvesting, presence detection, object tracking, etc.



A. Sarkar & Z. Sadeque, World Bank EETG Presentation, July 8 2010 41

Country Date Summary

Australia Feb. 2009 Phase-out of general lamp service (GLS) bulbs.

Nov. 2009 Phase-out of extra low-voltage (ELV) halogen nonreflector lamps.

Oct. 2010 Phase-out of >40 W candle, fancy round, and decorative lamps; mains voltage halogen (MVH) nonreflector,

and ELV halogen reflector.

Oct. 2012 Phase-out of MVH, including halogen >25 W candle and decorative lamps.

Philippines 2010 Phase-out of all incandescents by 2010.

Cuba 2005 Cuba banned the import and sale of incandescents in 2005.

United States

Energy Independence and Security Act was passed in 2007. Requires that all general -purpose lightbulbs that

produce 310–2,600 lumens of light be 30% more energy efficient than current incandescent bulbs by 2012 –

14. The efficiency standards will start with 100 W bulbs in January 2012 and end with 40 W bulbs in January

2014.

2012 Phase-out of 100 W bulbs.

2014 Phase-out of 40 W bulbs.

Argentina 2010 Sale and import of incandescents banned at the end of 2010.

European Union 2009 Phase-out of 100 W incandescent bulbs.

2010 Phase-out of 75 W incandescent bulbs.

2011 Phase-out of 60 W incandescent bulbs.

2012 Phase-out of 40 W and 25 W incandescent bulbs.

Canada 2012 In 2007 the Federal Environment Ministry announced that Canada would phase out inefficient incandescent

lightbulbs by 2012.

United Kingdom 2009 Phase out of 100 W incandescent bulbs.

2010 Phase out of 40 W incandescent bulbs.

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Source: Wolfgang Gregor, OSRAM (2009)A. Sarkar & Z. Sadeque, World Bank


Launched in January 2008

The Sun Newspaper and Scottish & Southern Electric Companies

4.5M CFLs distributed free in 1 day (Guinness Book of World Records!)

Cut 390,000 tonnes of CO2

Saved consumers £20 million Source: Cool NRG (2008)

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NSW GHG Abatement Scheme (2006) Regulatory Framework: 3 million light bulbs to 500,000 homes 3.2 mtCO2e traded in NSW carbon market (also low water showerheads)

NSW GGAS Free Distribution (kiosks, door-to-door, shopping malls), but 81% installation rate.

Victorian Energy Efficiency Target (VEET) scheme (launch in January 2009): Free giveaways through the ESCOs (newspaper/retail campaign) to low income HHs and Government Housing tenants

VEET Scheme - 1 million Victorian households (approximately half of all Victorian homes) - a pack of six free CFLs, the quantity of GHG emissions reduction, approximately 2.16 million tCO2 (assuming 15 Watt, 10,000 hr CFLs, and 80% installation rates).

Source: Cool NRG (2008)



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Eskom Objective: to address power shortages and reduce rolling black outs

1st Phase (2005): 300,000 CFLs for free distribution in Alexandria (north of Johannesburg)

2nd Phase: 2.7 million CFLs for low cost housing areas 3rd Phase (2006): 5 million CFLs (Western Cape Town) based on

swap-out (through door-to-door campaign or at the supermarkets) ◦ 2.5 million CFLs free distribution (to low income consumers)◦ 2.5 million to middle- and high-income consumers at subsidized

retail price of US$0.80 (compared to normal retail prices of US$1.40)

Reduction: ~90 MW (1st & 2nd Ph) and ~150 MW (3rd Ph) Current, ongoing plans: Distribution of ~35 million CFLs (savings

1500 MW, 2,200 GWh).



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Umeme (electric utility) and MEMD objective: to address power shortages, peak demand of 350 MW resulting in up to 90 MW load shedding. World Bank assistance in 2006 under ERT project.

Program design after consumer sample survey (existing usage -2/3rd IC lamps, pin-type, low voltage ~170 V, etc)

Procurement of 800,000 CFLs – 14 W/20 W, branded (MEMD logo)

Up to 3 CFLs provided free of cost in exchange for the old incandescent lamps; distribution by private firm (Yellow Pages)

CFL cost through ELI specs and bidding: $1.23 per CFL; plus Program (incl. M&E, CFL testing equip. cost): $ 0.80

CFL testing standards developed with Uganda Bureau of Standards, testing equipment being procured; CFL custom duties and taxes eliminated.

Intensive Awareness program (with CFL distribution program)

Savings in 2007 ~ 30 MW (thru independent M&E exercise) at 1/10th the cost, as alternative supply (diesel) would have cost $17 million

Source: MEMD (Feb 2008)



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Poor Quality CFLs upto 10 mg of Hg

Standard CFLs (including ELI certified) by big three lighting companies 4 to 5 mg

Very low Mercury CFLs (<1mg) are available (Limited manufacturers) Incremental cost 25-30%

Reality: In EU/US also, only 5-20% CFLs are recycled. Power plant emissions of coal-based mercury are several times higher.

Cost of Recycling Facility (recycle and recovery) is high (>$2 million), could be prohibitive for smaller programs.

Collection programs for old and fused CFLs, buy-back systems

Sources: McKinsey (2008), Energy Mad Limited (2008)



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Source: Wolfgang Gregor,

OSRAM (2009)



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Very high efficiencies (>100 lumens/watt)

Longer life ~50,000 hours; better color

No mercury issue

No problems with lower power factor (as in CFLs)

Excellent benefit-cost impacts when considered for off-grid lighting solutions (e.g., replacing kerosene based lighting) with solar PV/battery systems



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Very high cost in $ per lumens

Limitations with “Diffused” Lighting

Very few LED mfrs for 220V/110V AC supply sources, and screw/pin type applications

Requires costly new luminaireinfrastructure, design, etc. for household lighting applications

No internationally-acceptable specs/standards, no testing protocols

Expected to become viable in 3-4 years time for grid-based applications



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