Av Animation

8/12/2019 Av Animation

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Audio, Video and

Animation


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Multimedia Components

Graphics

Animation

Video

Audio

ds


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How useful is audio ?

Convey meaningprovide extrachannel of info to audience

Different learner, different learning

strategies (live web lecture) Add sense of realism, sensation

Directing attention to important

events

Facilitate communication


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What is a sequencer ?

The musical equivalent of a wordprocessor

Data entry (generally by playing

instrument) Editing

manipulating

Complex and for high-end

Generally aimed at musicians


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Voice

Voice is analogue waves Voice is audio narration (whispers,

cries, shouts, etc)

Expressed in decibels (db)dB Watts Examples

195 25-40m Saturn rocket

170 100,000 Jet engine70 0.00001 Voice

30 0.000000001 Whispers


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Terms related to audio

Volume is peak of thewavelength

Frequency is the distance

between the audio waves If 1000 waves are repeated in a

second1000 Hz or 1 KHz

Sampling is the process ofdigitizing analogue signals


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There are 3 main samplingrate for audio11, 22.05and 44.1 KHz

Sample size is either 8 or 16-bit

Channel is either stereo or

mono

Terms related to audio


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Comparison

Comment Samplingrate

Samplesize

Bytes

CD Quality 44 KHz 16 bit 10 MB

Close to CD 22 KHz 16 bit 5 MB

Voicequality

11 KHz 16 bit 2.5 MB


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Audio Examples

Caution and Warning

Bell or alarm will be activated when

exceed limit

Sound when an error occurs in

computers

Fire-engines

Music and special effects

Background sound and effects for

launching ceremony

The use of voice/sound for narration

(multimedia presentation)


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Basic features

Audio editing software: SoundForge

XP, SoundEdit, GoldWave

Record and playback

Cut/copy/paste

Paste-mix

Level (amplitude) control

Fade-in and fade-out

Format change

More advanced features like producing

effects (reverb, chorus, delay)


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Audio File Formats

.aiffuniversal Macintosh format

.au- Unix

.midielectronics equipment .wav- windows

.rmreal audio, streaming

Mp3extension of mpeg, audiolayer 3


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Audio File Calculation

Formula

File size = sampling rate X recording

duration in second X (Sample size

in bits/8) X number of channelsExample: 10 seconds of recording

at 22.05 kHz, 8 bit resolution and

mono channel

= 22050 x 10 x (8/8) x 1

= 220500 bytes


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Video definition :

a tool that can display the real

situation in a place

According to Agnew & Kellerman

(1997) :

a digital media that shows a

sequence of still pictures whichproduces illusion due to movements

of the pictures

What is video ?


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According to Shelley & associates(1997) :

it consists of photo images that

are displayed at 15 to 30 frames

per second to produce motion at

real time


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Analog video:

continuous value sets that

uses microwaves to produce

moving images like what is

watch on TV

it cannot be played on a

computer

when enlarged, it does not

influence the video quality


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Digital video:

consists discrete values

between 0 and 1

it is played on a computer and

pixel-based

when enlarged, video qualitydrops


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Types of video:

live free video (video-cam

connected live to CRT monitor)

videotape (video content is

linear, in series, searching is

difficult and not computer-

controlled)


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Types of video:

videodisk

-Constant Angular Velocity(CAV) and Constant Linear

Velocity (CLV)

-CAV can display still framesand sequenced movements


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Types of video:

videodisk

-CLV plays 1 hour of video on

each sides

-CAV & CLV used widely in

multimedia application

-Stand-alone, suitable for

teachers presentation


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Types of video:

digital video

-Compact disc and played

with CD-ROM/DVD-ROM

-Can be networked to play

certain clips (video-on-

demand)


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Importance of video in education :

explains abstract concepts

shows motion/animation

shows the real situation

provides interactions and

responses (interactive videos)gives affective teaching


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Some common video file formats :

.avi

.mpg

.mov

.ra

.gif (animated gif)


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Video clips capturing :

is done using a video capturecard

internal card or external

Ex: Snazzi

latest product uses flash RAM

to store video clips. They aretransferred to PC via USB port

Ex: Digital Camera


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Video clips editing :

is a process of displaying the

clip and select certain section to

be cut

marked by mark in (start) and

mark out (end)

Example of software : ifilmedit4.0 and QuickTime Player


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Video clips rendering :

is a process of re-sequencing

all video frames to produce a

single video clip

other multimedia elements can

be added such as text, graphic

and audio

Software (Ulead Video

System, Adobe Premier)


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To create movements (animate) through

a series of graphics is animation. The

animation software will transform the

graphic movements into a series offrames

What is animation ?


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The concept of animation is

to :Bring to life

Creating motion

Breathe life into

Inspirit

inspire


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Earlier form of animation :

Shadow puppets

clay

model

sand

cartoons


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2-D animation software :

Animator Pro

Rio AnimatorAnimator

Toons


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3-D animation software :

3-D Studio

Topas

Playmotion

Flying fonts

Lightwave

3D-FX


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Example of 3D animation


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Basically, there are two types of

animation :Path animation

Movement of objects in a fixed

path

Cell animation

Movement of objects in a fixedcell (container)


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Authoring software that are

capable of producing path andcell animation :

Toolbook Assistant

Toolbook Instructor

Flash

Director


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Factors to consider before producing

animation for authoring :Output format of the animation

(animated gif or avi movie or etc)

Is the animation suitable for web ?

(swf of Flash or gif)

How good is the quality of theanimation ? (graphical software

factor or animation software)

Av Animation

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