Autonomous or self driving cars

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Autonomous Cars in 2020 SANDEEP NAYAK

Transcript of Autonomous or self driving cars

Autonomous Cars in 2020SANDEEP NAYAK

Content

Introduction

V2V Communication

Augmented Reality Windshields

Energy Storing Body Panels

Personal Preference Pre-sets

Advantages

Disadvantages or Obstacles

Public Opinion Surveys

Conclusion

Self Driving Cars

Self driving cars are also known as driverless car, self driving car or robotic car.

Autonomous vehicles sense their surroundings with techniques such as radar, lidar,

GPS, and computer vision.

Self Driving Cars

This might be the single biggest technology that will hit the automobile

industry.

It might seem like an idea from an old sci-fi movie or some Japanese

anime, but google is already in the process of testing out the prototypes.

Currently the design has drawn a lot of flak but tie

ups with major automobile giants can push this

Technology into the main stream.

V2V Car Communication

V2V stands for vehicle to vehicle communication.

Cars will be equipped with sensors and communication mechanisms that

will enable them to transfer data to each other. This will help avoid

accidents, chalk out new routes in case of log jams. For example if the

driver of one car were to jump he traffic lights other cars in the vicinity

would be notified to slow down in order to avoid any accident.

Also V2I i.e. vehicle to infrastructure seems another possible avenue which

can prove useful. For e.g. slow down or stop signs can signal cars to slow

down or stop in specific areas such as schools or hospitals.

Augmented Reality Windshields

These will be similar to the Nokia City Lens features but on the windshield.

Here, all the places being viewed through the screen have basic details

shown beside them and you can use gestures to select and obtain more

details about the place.

BMW is already testing this out with basic data of places being displayed

on the windshield of its prototype. But this technology has the potential to

have the whole UI of the in-built computer to be displayed on the

windshield.

Energy Storing Body Panels

These panels are fashioned out of thin yet tough materials used in

satellites. They have tremendous energy storing capacity and are much

more efficient as compared to the lithium ion batteries in cars today.

These panels can be integrated with solar panels to store energy, the

dynamo in the wheels to store energy generated when driving and also

through the friction generated during breaking.

Personal Preference Pre-sets

Cars to have intuitive bots that record every drivers’ preferences and

habits and thus offers a better and personal driving experience to each

driver.

For e.g. the temperature settings, pre checking daily routes for jams and

accidents etc.

Advantages

An increase in the use of autonomous cars would make possible such

benefits as:

Fewer traffic collisions, due to an autonomous system's increased reliability

and faster reaction time compared to human drivers.

Increased roadway capacity and reduced traffic congestion due to

reduced need for safety gaps and the ability to better manage traffic

flow.

Relief of vehicle occupants from driving and navigation chores.

Higher speed limit for autonomous cars.

Advantages

Removal of constraints on occupants' state – in an autonomous car, it would not matter if the occupants were under age, over age, unlicensed, blind, distracted, intoxicated, or otherwise impaired.

Alleviation of parking scarcity, as cars could drop off passengers, park far away where space is not scarce, and return as needed to pick up passengers.

Reduction of physical space required for vehicle parking.

Elimination of redundant passengers – the robotic car could drive unoccupied to wherever it is required, such as to pick up passengers or to go in for maintenance. This would be especially relevant to trucks, taxis and car-sharing services.

Advantages

Reduction in the need for traffic police and vehicle insurance.

Reduction of physical road signage – autonomous cars could receive

necessary communication electronically (although physical signs may still

be required for any human drivers).

Smoother ride.

Reduction in car theft, due to the vehicle's self-awareness.

Disadvantages Or Obstacles

In spite of the various benefits to increased vehicle automation, some

foreseeable challenges persist:

Liability for damage.

Resistance by individuals to forfeit control of their cars.

Software reliability.

A car's computer could potentially be compromised, as could a

communication system between cars.

Implementation of legal framework and establishment of government

regulations for self-driving cars.

Disadvantages Or Obstacles

Drivers being inexperienced if situations arose requiring manual driving.

Loss of driving-related jobs.

Loss of privacy.

Competition for the radio spectrum desired for the car's communication.

Self-driving cars could potentially be loaded with explosives and used as

bombs.

Ethical problems analogous to the trolley problem arise in situations where

an autonomous car's software is forced during an unavoidable crash to

choose between multiple harmful courses of action.

Disadvantages Or Obstacles

Susceptibility of the car's navigation system to different types of weather. (As of 2014

Google's prototype has not driven in snow or heavy rain.)

Autonomous cars may require very high-quality specialized maps to operate properly.

These maps would be costly to produce for roads worldwide. Where these maps may

be out of date, they would need to be able to fall back to reasonable behaviors.

Autonomous cars have to be able to respond correctly to police and other pedestrian

gestures and non-verbal cues.

To function optimally autonomous cars need changes in road infrastructure with many

design and cost implications. For example, traffic lights may need to be re-designed

and upgraded to communicate with the vehicles and street lighting may need to be

re-designed. These changes may have profound social, legal and financial

implications.

Public Opinion Surveys

In a 2011 online survey of US and UK consumers by Accenture, 49% said they would be comfortable using a "driverless car".

A 2012 survey 37% initially said they would be interested in purchasing a fully autonomous car. However, that figure dropped to 20% when told the technology would cost $3,000 more.

A 2013 survey across 10 countries found a full 57% "stated they would be likely to ride in a car controlled entirely by technology that does not require a human driver", with Brazil, India and China the most willing to trust autonomous technology.

In a 2014 three-quarters of licensed drivers said they would at least consider buying a self-driving car, rising to 86%.

Official Predictions

By 2015, Audi plans to market vehicles that can autonomously steer,

accelerate and brake at lower speeds, such as in traffic jams.

By 2016, Mobileye expects to release fully autonomous car technology.

By 2020, Google expects to release their autonomous car technology,

which is a tie up with Toyota.

By 2020, BMW, Nissan and Mercedes-Benz all expect to sell autonomous

cars.

Conclusion

The most effective gain of this system will be control on traffic congestions

and avoiding accidents. The public opinion surveys in all these past years

clearly shows the growing interest of an autonomous car and, technology

is in favour of it.

So the time is not far ‘2020’ when we are going to have our self controlled

vehicles and we say “THE FUTURE OF AUTOMOBILES IS HERE”.

Thank You