AutomotiveElectronics_WorkshopPisa.pdf

7/28/2019 AutomotiveElectronics_WorkshopPisa.pdf

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Automotive Electronics:

a Perspective on In-Motorcycleand In-Car Electronic Systems

F. Baronti, F. Lenzi,R. Roncella, R. Saletti,Dipartimento di Ingegneria dellinformazione

Universit di Pisa, Italy


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Outline

The spreading of Automotive Electronics

Background

Application domains

Current, upcoming and future In-Motorcycle and

In-Car Electronics Analogies and differences

Hints for in-vehicle electronic system design:our research experience

Conclusions


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The Spreading of Electronics

New requirements need to be addressed:

Safety Performance and Comfort

Pollution

Semiconductor technology improvements

Affordability

Reliability

Replacing mechanics with electronics


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Application domains

Body and comfort

Powertrain Active and passive safety

Security Infotainment

X-by-wire

Same application domains for both carsand motorcycles


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In-Motorcycle Electronics

GPS

Alarm system

FM-radio

Semi-automaticpreload adjustment

Semi-automaticdamping coefficientadjustment

State-of-the-art

Brake pad wearindicator

Airbag

Sequential / Automatic gearX-by-wire

IntercomInfotainment

ImmobilizerSecurity

ABS Tires pressure control Traction Control

Active &

Passive safety

Engine Control Unit (reconfigurable maps)Powertrain

Digital commands Automatic heated-grips

Remote seat-openingsystem

Body &

Comfort


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In-Motorcycle Electronics: TodayABS (BMW) Airbag (Honda)

GPS (Kawasaki)Sequential gear (Aprilia)


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In-Motorcycle Electronics

Accelerator Brakes

Semi-activesuspensions

Upcoming & Future

Adaptive Headlights

Driving Assistance

Handle-barX-by-wire

On-board PC-likedevices

Infotainment

Physiological parameters-based alarm systemSecurity

Wearable airbag

Collision Avoidance

Active &

Passive safety

Electric/Thermal & Electric/Hydrogen Hybriddrive train

Powertrain

Fully-automatic

preload adjustment Vocal commands

Body &

Comfort


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In-Motorcycle Electronics: Future

Bombardier EMBRIO 2025

Blue Team DARPAPersonal Air and Land Vehicle


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In-Car Electronics

Hybrid Drive Train

Smart Key

DVD-player GPS

Semi-activesuspensions

Electro-chromic

rear-view mirrors

State-of-the-art

Brake pad monitor Airbags Tires pressure control Cruise-control (radar) Adaptive headlights

Sequential / Automatic gearX-by-wire

Intercom PC-like device interface

Infotainment

GPS alarmSecurity

ABS

Electronic StabilityProgram

Traction Control Parking assistance

Night vision

Active &

Passive safety

Engine Control UnitPowertrain

iDrive (all-in-one control) Heated-seats Electronically adjustable

drive position

Body &

Comfort


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In-Car Electronics: TodayNight Vision (Mercedes) Proximity collision avoidance (Volvo)

Infotainment (Maserati) Rear camera (Audi)


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In-Car Electronics

Reconfigurable

cockpit

Upcoming & Future

Collision avoidance

Autonomous vehicleX-by-wire

PC-like on-board devicesInfotainment

Biometric based alarmSecurity

Driving assistanceActive &

Passive safety

Plug-in HybridsPowertrain

Replaceable cabins

Body &

Comfort


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In-Car Electronics: Future

Transition

Stanford Racing Teams

Autonomous Car

Mercedes Silverflow


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Middle-end Cars Vs High-end Motorcycles

Adjustable Suspensions

Brake-Pad Wear Indicator

Tyre Pressure Indicator

Anti Blocking System

Airbag

Electronic Stabil ity Program

Adaptive Headlights

Traction ControlGlobal Positioning System

Cars

Intercom

Motorcycles


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Low-end Cars Vs Low-end Motorcycles

Adjustable Suspensions

Brake-Pad Wear Indicator

Tyre Pressure Indicator

Anti Blocking System

Airbag

Electronic Stabil ity Program

Adaptive Headlights

Traction ControlGlobal Positioning System

Cars

Intercom

Motorcycles


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Spreading of electronics

Difficult in middle and low-end motorcycles

Not for low-end cars

Because of

Production volume

1 order of magnitude (in Europe):

14M cars vs 1.4M motorcycles*

Costs (percentage weight rises)

*Year 2006, source: UNRAE, ACEM


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Our research experience

Encouraging the spreading of electronics in middle-and low-end motorcycles

Valuable examples:

CAN-based communication infrastructure (1)

Bluetooth-based audio communication unit (2) Embedded control system for suspension

preload self-tuning (3)

Motorcycle indicator automatic off (4)


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CAN-based Communication Infrastructure

NODE1(Front)

NODE2

(Dashboard)

NODE4(Seat)

CAN BUSFront Lights

ExternalTemperature

Horn

Key Switch

Cooling Fan

Phonic Wheel

UserCommands

Digital

DisplayAnalog

Instrumentation

ElectricalCenterstand

Circuit

EngineSensors

Back Lights

NODE3

(Back)


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Bluetooth-based Communication Unit

ACU

User

Interface

Audio Communication Unit

Bluetooth

Helmets

Wireless IntercomAccess to infotainment sources

Embedded Control System for


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Embedded Control System forSuspension Preload Self-tuning


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a

b

He

Heh

Hehy

Hehx

MagneticNorth

HALL

SENSOR

x

y

z

Motorcycle Indicator Automatic Off

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 100 200 300 400

Direction

Magnetic North

Azimuth ADirection

Magnetic North

Azimuth A


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Design hints

Adopt solutions from the automotive sectorhaving in mind the unique feature of

motorcycles Motorcycles are open-loop unstable systems!

Reduced budget available for electronics

Apply a structured design methodology to:

Increase reusability

Shorten development times


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Challenges to face

Zero ppmdefect level after tests

As a motorcycle rider I would hardlyaccept a motorcycle breakdown causedby an electronic subsystem failure

Make technological improvements alsoavailable to low-end motorcycles

in particular to motor-scooters which are goingto play a very important role in privatetransport


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Conclusions

State-of-the-art, upcoming, and future in-vehicle

electronic systems Description of interesting case-studies coming

from our research activity in this field

Discussion of some design hints to manage thespread of electronics in two-wheel worldeffectively


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References

(1) F. Baronti, et al. Low-cost CAN-based communication systemfor high-end motor-scooter, SAE paper 2002-01-2154, (2002)

(2) R. Roncella, et al. Wireless Audio Communication Network For

In-Vehicle Access Of Infotainment Services In Motorcycles,Proc. of the 17thAnnual IEEE Intl Symp. on Personal, Indoor

and Mobile Radio Communications (2006)

(3) R. Saletti, et al. Embedded Electronic Control System forContinuous Self-Tuning of Motorcycle Suspension Preload,Proc. of the 15th Mediterranean Conf. on Control and

Automation (2007)

(4

) F. Lenzi, et al. Using a Very Low-Cost Hall Sensor forMotorcycle Indicator Automatic Turn-off: an ExperimentalStudy, to be presented at the next IEEE Intelligent VehicleSymp. (2008)

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