Substation automation migration strategies to IEC 61850 using Relion protection and control

Automation and Power World, April 2011

From PAC WORLD , December 2010

The fact that The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has advised the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission that if has identified IEC 61850 as one of five “foundational” sets of standards for Smart Grid interoperability and cyber security clearly shows that IEC 61850 is foreseeable in the future of all protection, automation, and control specialists around the world.

How to you get from ?

Conventional SA systemControl Center Station HMI

Relay X1

RTU

Conventional Switchgear

ConventionalCT / VT's

Relay X2

Relay X1

Conventional Switchgear

Relay X2

ConventionalCT / VT's

Interlocking logic

Hardwired with parallel Copper wires

To This

IEC 61850 station and process communicationsControl Center

Gateway

Relay X1

Bay Controller

Intelligent Switchgear

Non conventional

CT/VT

Relay X2

Relay X1

Bay Controller

Intelligent Switchgear

Relay X2

Non conventional

CT/VT

Station HMI

Ethernet communication:Elimination of wiresAccess to informationOptimized functionality

Station Ethernet Bus

Process Bus

Let’s look at some 61850 concepts

Logical node

Physical Devices

Logical nodes IEC 61850 Definitions

A logical node is the smallest part of a function that exchanges data and represents a function within a physical device

A logical connection is the communication link between logical nodes

PICOM is a piece of information for communication describing an information transfer on a given logical connection with given communication attributes between two logical nodes

The IEC 61850 logical node, and the communications of data between them, are at the core of interoperability

LN1

Function 1

LN2 LN3

Function 2

LN4

IED - A

LN5

LN6

Function 3

LN7LN8

Function 4

LN9

IED - B

Physical DevicesPrimary System Devices Circuit breakers Disconnect and

grounding switches Power transformers Instrument transformers Generators

Secondary System Devices Protection Reclosers Annunciators Meters, sensors Fault recorders Control switches and

interfaces Etc.

Primary Technology -- Switchgear

Secondary Technology

--Substation Automation

PTOCXSWI

XSWI

SIMG

XCBR

SIMG

PTRC

CSWI

CSWI

CSWISIMG

TVTR

TCTR

Logical Nodes and Physical DevicesLogical Nodes and Physical Devices

Sensors

CT

VT

8989

52

Protection:

PDIS

Control:

Logical Nodes and Physical Devices

LD0:Logical Device

PDIS:LN

LN

PROT:Logical DeviceServer

IED

Station/Process Bus

DO

CSWI:LN LN

DO DODO

I / O

DO DO

Control SwitchControl Switch

Distance ProtectionDistance Protection

Client Connections

Logical Node Names

xxxXCBR1

Optional Application Specific Prefix

Logical Node Instance #

Logical Node Name per IEC 61850-7-4 (breaker)

Basic Principle

Application Variances (retrofit)

A

M

M

XCBR1

XSWI1

XSWI2

TCTR1

TCTR1

TVTR1

GXSWI3

Process Level

IED(S)

Bay Level

hardwired

GGIO1

GGIO1

GGIO2

GGGIO3

Merging Unit

Application Variances (retrofit)

A

M

M

XCBR1

XSWI1

XSWI2

GXSWI3

Process Level

IED(S)

Bay Level

hardwired

GGIO1

BGGIO4

GGIO2

GGGIO3

AI Processing

AI Processing

Merging Unit

Basic line protection functions

Distance protection

Tripping in distributed systems

Differential protection

Autoreclosing

Disturbance recording

Distance Protection

PDISPDISPDISPDIS

PTRC

PSCH2

PTOC2PTOC1

Substation A

PSCH1

PDIS

PTRC

PSCH1

PDIS PTOC1

Substation B

PSCH2

XCBRXCBR

PTOC2

Several Distance zones

Communication

Trip conditioning

Tripping

Physical distribution examples

PTOC PDIS

PTRC

XCBR

IED

Circuit Breaker

PTOC PDIS

PTRC

XCBR

(a) (b) (c)

PTOC PDIS

“Wires“Trip

“GSE“Trip

IED IED IED

PTRC PTRC

XCBR

IED IED

“GSE“Trip

Conventional Process bus PISA & Prot. Redundancy

Differential Protection

Substation A Substation B

PTRC

XCBR

PTRC

XCBR

PDISPDISPDIF

PDISPDISTCTR

MDIF

PDISPDISPDIF

MDIF

PDISPDISTCTR

Determines differences

Triggers trip

IED

(a)

PTOC

PTRC

XCBR

Circuit Breaker

“Wires“Tripand

Re-Close

RREC

Trip

(Re-)Close

IHMI

IED

CSWI

XCBR

“Wires“Openand

Close

Command

IED

IED

(b)

IED

PTOC

PTRC

XCBR

RREC

IED

IHMI

IED

CSWI

IED

“GSE“ Trip

“Report” Tripor“GSE“ Trip

“Control” Service

“Control” Serviceor

“GSE” Close

Conventional Distributed

Autoreclosure and Control

Disturbance Recording

TCTR

XCBR

RADR

RDRE

RBDR

TVTR LLN0

Logical Device Disturbance RecorderSingle Line

TVTR

N Instances of RADR

M Instances of RBDR

GGIO

Channel numbersfor example 1 … Nfor analogue channels

Channel numbersfor example N+1 … N+Mfor binary channels

1 LN forCommon featuresand Co-ordination

How do these concepts apply to our Relion series relays ?

Logical Nodes applied to Relay

LD0:Logical Device

LN LN

PROT:Logical DeviceServer

IED

DO

CSWI:LN LN

DO DODO

I / O

DO

The Function BlockThe Function Block Background Operations

FUNCTION

INP

UTS

OU

TPU

TS

INSTANCE(SEQ,INT)

LOGICOR

TASKS

SETTINGSPLATFORM OBJECTS

IEC 61850

LOGICAL NODES

Discrete Function Relay(made smart)

The Function Block

Background Operations

FUNCTION

INP

UTS

OU

TPU

TS

INSTANCE(SEQ,INT)

LOGICOR

TASKS

SETTINGSPLATFORM OBJECTS

IEC 61850

LOGICAL NODES

Function Block

=

+ IEC 61850

Basic Function Block Description

Function Tasks or logic performed

I/O Connections to other FBs Analog

Binary

Data

Computation resources Instance – NTH time used

Sequence of execution

Computation Interval

Background Operations Settings

Basic Design Process for IED

Application Function LibraryApplication Function Library Application ConfigurationApplication Configuration

Combine discrete Combine discrete application functions to application functions to meet P&C requirements meet P&C requirements

Down load IEDDown load IED Test configurationTest configuration Create ICDCreate ICD

Defines the IED capabilities Defines the IED capabilities to the rest of the IEC 61850 to the rest of the IEC 61850 substationsubstation

Substation configuration Substation configuration processprocess

21

50/51

27

87

59

32

67

81

62BF

BKR CNTL

DISTURB

GOOSE

Application Function Library

Protection and Control IED

Application Configuration

IED Capabilities Description File

Application Configuration

APPLICATION CONFIGURATION LOGIC

21

PHYSIC

AL O

UTPU

TS

PHYS

ICA

L IN

PUTS

VIRTUAL GOOSE INPUTS

IEC 61850 COMMUNICATIONS

50/51

LOGICAL NODE

BREAKER CONTROL

VIRTUAL ANALOG INPUTS

VIRTUAL BINARY INPUTS

OR TRIP VIRTUAL BINARY

OUTPUTS

VIRTUAL GOOSE

OUTPUTS

VIR

TUA

L INTE

RFA

CE

S

PHYS

ICA

L INTE

RFAC

ESI/O in Application are Hardware Independent

I/O in Application are Hardware Independent

IED & SCD Configuration Descriptions Function blocks that are

logical nodes provide data with ICD file that describes it to other substation IEDs

SCD file defines the substation

ICD and SCD are written with the defined Substation Configuration Language (SCL)

The SCD file is used by all substation IEDs and station HMI with tools to make appropriate interfaces

IED

IED Capabilities Description File

Substation Configuration Description File

Other Substation IEDs

IED Logical Nodes

PDIS - 21

PIOC - 50

PTOC - 51

CSWI

Analog Input Function Block Input

Block (True / False)

Group and signal names for signal matrix mapping

Type (Current / Voltage)

Output

AI3P

Data for measurement and computations

AI A, …, N

Sampled data for DFR

Logic Names

V3P, …, VN

Binary Output Function Block

Inputs: Logic signals to be

output to physical outputs Contacts

LEDs

Group and signal names for signal matrix mapping

Impedance Function Block

Detect phase and ground faults on transmission lines

Inputs Supervision

Analog data

Outputs Single and three pole

tripping

Single and three pole starting

Logical node

Disturbance Reporting Function Blocks

Disturbance ReportLMBRFLORDRE

FAULT LOCATOR

A1RADR

B1RBDR

ANALOG SIGNALS

BINARY SIGNALS

TRIP VALUE RECORDER

DISTURBANCE RECORDER

EVENT RECORDER

INDICATIONS (HMI)

SEQ. OF EVENTS LIST

40/rec

96/rec

150/rec

96/rec

1000, Continuous

Generic GOOSE Output Function Blocks SPGGIO

Single point GOOSE

Binary

1 / 0

DPGGIO

Double point control GOOSE

Integer

1/0, 0/1, 0/0, 1/1

Valid

Inputs

Logic signals to sent to other station IEDs

SPGGIOIN

DPGGIO

OPEN

CLOSE

VALID

DP03(4658, 100)

SP07(4634, 100)

BKR1-52B

BKR1-52A

BKR1 VALID

Mapped to other Network IED via Substation Configuration Description File

LOV BLOCK

Control Function Blocks Function blocks (IEC 61850 logical

nodes) for IEDs at process level XCBR – circuit breaker

XSWI – MOD

Function blocks (IEC 61850 logical nodes) for IEDs at bay level CSWI – switch controller

CILO – Interlocking

PDIS – distance protection

PTOC – TOC protection

Many more defined in IEC 61850 to provide secure substation control

Operator places that provide control through function blocks (logical nodes) Station HMI

IED (front panel)

North Bus

A

B

C

South Bus

M

M

M

M

M

M

Station HMI

IEC 61850-8-1

XSWI

XSWI

XSWI

XSWI

XSWI

XSWI

XCBR

XCBR

XCBR

CSWICILO

PTOCPDIS

PTOCPDIS

Control IED

Protection IED

Protection IED

PROCESS BAY STATION

Benefits to This Design Method

Versatile Applications

Simplify settings

Design documentation

Testing

Relion series relays for your current and future needs

61850 Logical Node concept used in Relion design

Don’t see need to implement 61850 design at this time ??

There for future use without having to modify relays

Can implement in stages

Future Proofing your substation protection and control design process

QUESTIONS ?