Automating Knowledge Acquisition for Machine Translation Kevin ...

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Transcript of Automating Knowledge Acquisition for Machine Translation Kevin ...

Page 1: Automating Knowledge Acquisition for Machine Translation Kevin ...

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Source Text(eg, Japanese)

Target Text(eg, English)

Target TextSemantics

Source Text Semantics

Target TextSyntax

Source Text Syntax

Interlingua

(word-for-word)

(syntax-based)

(semantics- based)

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�;=QSmsZH�YJK,DT=WK�I�AOG~K$bZCXK�AO=QH$H$GgYJR�=WDZoQILDTV:YJG�DdK$G�DZAOGgY>bZC(rWG�K$bTG�YUCXP/G�DdSTP���G�H�=Ez�?�=WH�oTY�xTGO�ZAOG�RTK>z�=WH � ÅQÅX��v�;=WScAO=WDXªJGgAOK$STH$G/K$bZCEK�K$bTGmKJ?�=m[]CXDTVQSZCXVWGgY�CEH$G/rWG�H$kFAU[L=lYJGmK$=y=WDTG:CEDT=WK$bTG�Hgx CXDZo2RZG�HUbZCXRZY/Y\ILP/Rd[LGm?�=QH�odpz£=WH$p£?�=WH�omYJST�ZYJKJILK$STK�I�=QD|?�Ia[a[.Y�Sd¹:AOG�z£=WH�K$H�CXDZY¢[�CEKJIL=WD�v!}4=/K$GgYJK�K$bdI]Y>blkdRZ=WKUbTGgY\I]Y�xZkQ=WS/[L=d=Wn|CXK�K$bTG��!G�DlKOCXSTHJI?�=WH�oN�XVQbdI�HU=Wntx«�"?,bdI]A$bFCXRTR�GgCXH�Y�ILD¾Y�G�DlK$G�DZAOG~RZC(ILH�Y3ÎMCXDZo�Å�Tv�u�K�Y\ILK�Y3oQI�HUGgAOKJ[LkfCX��=@rQG��XbdIa[]CXK��mCXDZo|�E�ZCXK��ILD2K$bTG�KJ?�=/H$GgYJR�GgAOKJILrWG"i�HOAOK$STH�CXDyK$H�CXDZY\[]CXK�I�=QDZY�v�¦W=mRZG�H$bZCERZY,K$bTG"?�=WH�oN�EVWbdILH$=WnT�"I]Y3CXP"�dI�VQST=WSZY�x¿[�ILnWG�K$bTG_;DTVE[�I]YJbc?�=WHOo`�X�ZCEDTn��Tv��,DcK$bTGm=WK$bTG�H"bZCXDZo�x;KUbTGNi�H�AOKUSTH�CXD�?�=QH�oF�XbdIa[]CXK��FCERTRZGgCXH�Y%ILDc�Z=QK$b¼Y�G�DlK$G�DZAOGRZC(ILH�Y\¨cILD�z�CWAOKgx;�XbdIa[]CXK��2CXRTR�GgCXH�Y%ILDci�H�AOKUSTH�CXD�I�z�CXDZoF=QDd[�k¾I�z��XVWbdILH$=Qn��yCXRTRZGgCXHOY�ILDº�!G�DdK�CXSTH�I v¾¦W=fkQ=WSP"ILVWbdK�ILDZYJK$GgCQo`CWYUYJSTP/G/K$bZCEK�?,bdIa[LG:�EVWbdILH$=WnT�|C([L?,C(k�Y%P/GgCXDZY��EbdI�[]CXKO�Tx��!G�DlKOCXSTHJI�CXDZo2i3H�AOK$STHOCXDFG�P/Rd[L=XkoQI���G�H$G�DlK>?�=QH�om=WH�odG�H�YUA$bTG�P/GgY·v

�>GO�TKgxgkQ=WS�odGgAUI]odG�K$=�z£H$k�YJ=WP�G!GgCWYJk>stYJb�v;}�bTG�?�=QH�oTY��E=Wnlp£rQ=l=WDZ�>CXDZo��WCEK$p£rW=d=WDZ� � ÅX�T[L=d=Wn�YJSZY�RdI�AUIL=WSZY¢[�kz�CXP"Ia[aI�CEHgxZYJ=~kW=WS�[�ILDTnmK$bTG�P|v;�;=QS:od="K$bTG�Y$CXP/G�z�=WH��WCXK$p�odHUST�ZGO[ �g=Wndp�odH$ST�ZGO[]� � Éd��xd�X=Wndp£klSTHUR �@CXK$p£kdSTH$RZ� � Æd��xCXDZo/���gCXD �gCXDT=Wn � �gCXD �gCXDZCEK�� � ÅQÅX��v�}�bTG,RZC(ILH,�XG�DTG�P/=Wn �gG�DTGgCXK�� ��� ��C([]YJ=%[L=l=WnTY�RTH$=WP"I]Y\ILDTVZxd�TSTK�kW=WSModGgAUI]odGK$=/?,C(ILK�z£=WH,P/=WHUG�G�rWI]odG�DZAOGWv

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Page 4: Automating Knowledge Acquisition for Machine Translation Kevin ...

--------------------------------------------------1a. ok-voon ororok sprok .

1b. at-voon bichat dat .--------------------------------------------------2a. ok-drubel ok-voon anok plok sprok .

2b. at-drubel at-voon pippat rrat dat .--------------------------------------------------3a. erok sprok izok hihok ghirok .

3b. totat dat arrat vat hilat .--------------------------------------------------4a. ok-voon anok drok brok jok .

4b. at-voon krat pippat sat lat .--------------------------------------------------5a. wiwok farok izok stok .

5b. totat jjat quat cat .--------------------------------------------------6a. lalok sprok izok jok stok .

6b. wat dat krat quat cat .--------------------------------------------------7a. lalok farok ororok lalok sprok izok enemok .

7b. wat jjat bichat wat dat vat eneat .--------------------------------------------------8a. lalok brok anok plok nok .

8b. iat lat pippat rrat nnat .--------------------------------------------------9a. wiwok nok izok kantok ok-yurp .

9b. totat nnat quat oloat at-yurp .--------------------------------------------------10a. lalok mok nok yorok ghirok clok .

10b. wat nnat gat mat bat hilat .--------------------------------------------------11a. lalok nok crrrok hihok yorok zanzanok .

11b. wat nnat arrat mat zanzanat .--------------------------------------------------12a. lalok rarok nok izok hihok mok .

12b. wat nnat forat arrat vat gat .--------------------------------------------------

Translation dictionary:

ghirok - hilat ok-yurp - at-yurpok-drubel - at-drubel zanzanok - zanzanatok-voon - at-voon

w4I�VQSTH$G�ÉT�!}�?�GO[LrWG�RZC(ILH�Y�=Xz.Y�G�DlK$G�DZAOGgY>?,HJILK$KUG�DmI�D�ILPMCXVXILDZCXH$k2��G�DlK�CESTHJI�CXDZomi�HOAOK$STH�CXDm[]CXDTVWSZCEVWGgY�v

Ð

Page 5: Automating Knowledge Acquisition for Machine Translation Kevin ...

��z�AO=QSTH�YJGWx.I�KNAO=WSd[]o½�ZG2K$bTG2A�CWYJGNK$bZCXKm�X=WH$=WHU=Wn���I]YNCXD � STDdK$H�CEDZY\[]CXK$Ggo��/CXSd�lIa[aI]CXH$k½rWG�H$��x,CXDZo K$bZCXK�WYJRTHU=Wn��~bZCWY�C"RTbTHOCWY$C([�K$H�CEDZY\[]CXKJIL=WD|�X�dI]AUbZCXK,oTCXKgv¬�"Á�STK,kW=WS�ILVWDT=WH$G�KUbZCXK�RZ=lY$Y¢I��dIa[aILKJkNz£=WH�DT=@?~v�¦W=Zxd?,bdI]A$b=Xz!K$bTG"KJ?�=MC([LK$G�H$DZCEKJILrWGgY>I]Y3P/=WH$G%[�ILnWGO[Lk�h©}�=msZDZoy=WSTKgx�kW=WS�[L=l=Wn�z�=QH{CmYJG�DdK$G�DZAOG"K$bZCXK�AO=WDlKOC(ILDZY��WYJRTH$=WnT��TSTK3DT=WK{�E=WH$=WH$=Qntx¬�"YJSZAUbFCWY � ÉWCd��v�u�KOY3K$H�CXDZY\[]CXK�I�=QD � ÉX����bZCWY��QoTCXKgx¬�~[LG�DZoQILDTVfY�STRTRZ=WH$K�KU=/blkdRZ=QK$bTGgY\I]Y � i~�CX��=@rQGWv��;=QSMA�CXDmDT=@?ºCWoTo"KJ?�=�P/=QH$G,G�DdK$HJILGgY;K$=~kW=WSTH�K$H�CXDZY\[]CXK�I�=QDMoQI]AOKJIL=WDZCXH$kMCEDZo"[aILDTnMKUbTGOI�H�=TA�AOSTH$H$G�DZAOGgYK$bTH$=QSTVWbT=WSTK,K$bTG�AO=QH$RTSZY � ÅWx«ÉTx¬ÎTx¬Ç¿x � ��v

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Page 6: Automating Knowledge Acquisition for Machine Translation Kevin ...

--------------------------------------------------1a. ok-voon ororok sprok .

1b. at-voon bichat dat .--------------------------------------------------2a. ok-drubel ok-voon anok plok sprok .

2b. at-drubel at-voon pippat rrat dat .--------------------------------------------------3a. erok sprok izok hihok ghirok .

3b. totat dat arrat vat hilat .--------------------------------------------------4a. ok-voon anok drok brok jok .

4b. at-voon krat pippat sat lat .--------------------------------------------------5a. wiwok farok izok stok .

5b. totat jjat quat cat .--------------------------------------------------6a. lalok sprok izok jok stok .

6b. wat dat krat quat cat .--------------------------------------------------7a. lalok farok ororok lalok sprok izok enemok .

7b. wat jjat bichat wat dat vat eneat .--------------------------------------------------8a. lalok brok anok plok nok .

8b. iat lat pippat rrat nnat .--------------------------------------------------9a. wiwok nok izok kantok ok-yurp .

9b. totat nnat quat oloat at-yurp .--------------------------------------------------10a. lalok mok nok yorok ghirok clok .

10b. wat nnat gat mat bat hilat .--------------------------------------------------11a. lalok nok crrrok hihok yorok zanzanok .

11b. wat nnat arrat mat zanzanat .--------------------------------------------------12a. lalok rarok nok izok hihok mok .

12b. wat nnat forat arrat vat gat .--------------------------------------------------

Translation dictionary:

anok - pippat ok-yurp - at-yurperok - total ok-voon - at-voonghirok - hilat ororok - bichathihok - arrat plok - rratizok - vat sprok - dat ok-drubel - at-drubel zanzanok - zanzanat

w4ILVWSTH$G/ÎT��}�bTG"RTH$=WVQH$GgY$Y3=Xz��TSdI�[]oQILDTVFCmK$H�CXDZY¢[�CEKJIL=WDFoQI�AOK�I�=QDZCXH$kyz�HU=WP1RZC(ILH�Y3=Xz,YJG�DlKUG�DZAOGgY�x�SZY\ILDTV2CModGgAUILpRTbTG�H$P/G�DdK,P/G�KUbT=�o�v

Ç

Page 7: Automating Knowledge Acquisition for Machine Translation Kevin ...

ok-drubel anok ghirok farok . wiwok rarok nok zerok ghirok enemok .ok-drubel ziplok stok vok erok enemok kantok ok-yurp zinok jok yorok clok .lalok clok izok vok ok-drubel . ok-voon ororok sprok . ok-drubel ok-voonanok plok sprok . erok sprok izok hihok ghirok . ok-voon anok drok brokjok . wiwok farok izok stok . lalok sprok izok jok stok . lalok brokanok plok nok . lalok farok ororok lalok sprok izok enemok . wiwok nokizok kantok ok-yurp . lalok mok nok yorok ghirok clok . lalok nok crrrokhihok yorok zanzanok . lalok rarok nok izok hihok mok .

Word pair counts:

1 . erok 1 hihok yorok 1 ok-drubel ok-voon7 . lalok 1 izok enemok 1 ok-drubel ziplok2 . ok-drubel 2 izok hihok 2 ok-voon anok2 . ok-voon 1 izok jok 1 ok-voon ororok3 . wiwok 1 izok kantok 1 ok-yurp .1 anok drok 1 izok stok 1 ok-yurp zinok1 anok ghirok 1 izok vok 1 ororok lalok2 anok plok 1 jok . 1 ororok sprok1 brok anok 1 jok stok 1 plok nok1 brok jok 1 jok yorok 1 plok sprok2 clok . 2 kantok ok-yurp 2 rarok nok1 clok izok 1 lalok brok 2 sprok .1 crrrok hihok 1 lalok clok 3 sprok izok1 drok brok 1 lalok farok 2 stok .2 enemok . 1 lalok mok 1 stok vok1 enemok kantok 1 lalok nok 1 vok erok1 erok enemok 1 lalok rarok 1 vok ok-drubel1 erok sprok 2 lalok sprok 1 wiwok farok1 farok . 1 mok . 1 wiwok nok1 farok izok 1 mok nok 1 wiwok rarok1 farok ororok 1 nok . 1 yorok clok1 ghirok . 1 nok crrrok 1 yorok ghirok1 ghirok clok 2 nok izok 1 yorok zanzanok1 ghirok enemok 1 nok yorok 1 zanzanok .1 ghirok farok 1 nok zerok 1 zerok ghirok1 hihok ghirok 1 ok-drubel . 1 zinok jok1 hihok mok 1 ok-drubel anok 1 ziplok stok

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