AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE AND F AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE AND F REQUENCY REQUENCY REGULATION USING PLCREGULATION USING PLC

TEAM MEMBERS

JINU S VARGHESE

PENOSH PAUL

SIJU P MUTTATH

PRIYAMOL P

NADEEARA BEEVI K A

SWATHY T V

Methods for AVFRMethods for AVFR

•Mechanical controlling

•Microcontroller based systems

•PLC based systems

•Industrial computers

Disadvantages of mechanical Disadvantages of mechanical systemsystemContinuous monitoring requiredHuge machines High maintenances cost More human resourcesLarge recovery time

Disadvantages of Disadvantages of microcontroller based microcontroller based systemssystemsComplex circuitLarge number of instructions

Advantages of PLC systemAdvantages of PLC systemPLCs are very good for controlling

outputs (based oninputs). They are amazingly robust, and able to

stand all sorts of difficult conditionsThey last from 10 to 25 years They do not have contacts that wear out. They also can switch fairly quickly

without heating up muchThe cooling costs are decreased. Also, if

need be, they can be quite a ways away from the

It have communication abilities.

Generating station layoutGenerating station layout

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSDED SYSTEMPROPOSDED SYSTEM

Control strategy Control strategy

•Program Logic Controllers have three basic functions. Control Input Output. • Based on Inputs, and the logic written in the control (known as Ladder Logic, or Sequence), outputs are activated. •Based on the concept above we can control the voltage and frequency

F=P N/120F= Frequency of induced emfP=No of polesN=Speed of rotor in RPMWater power =w QH kg mw = specific gravity of waterQ= Quantity of water H= head of water

U/DN=a constantU-tangential velocityD-runner diameterV/U=a constantV-absolute velocity of waterQ/D^2=k vQ/D^3N=a constant

Voltage controlVoltage controlThe voltage of alternator can be kept

constant by changing the field current

Automatic and hand operated regulator can be used for this purpose

The existing AVR methods are Tirril Regulator Brown-Boveri regulator

In the proposed system AVR by an electronics regulator