AUTOMATIC RAILWAY TRACK CHANGER

AUTOMATIC RAILWAY TRACK CHANGER

Introduction & workingThis project automatic railway track changer is based on automatically selection of vacant track by the train. When train arrives nearer the track changing system which is operated by d.c. motor of 3 volt power supply. The arriving of train is detected by sensor 3. sensor 1 is placed on the track A and sensor 2 is placed on the track B. then four condition arises after arriving the train nearer to the track changer.

1. If both track A and track B are vacant then train passes through the track A.

2. If track A is busy , then track changing motor direction change, and track changer got opposite direction and there is a proper way for train to arrive at track B.

3. If both track A and track B are busy then train stop near the track changing system.

4. If track B is busy then train passes to the proper track A.

A pic micro controller is used with port A of 6 bit . three magnetic sensor is also connected to port A at pin no 2,3,& 4 of micro controller. pin no 1 of micro controller is connected to reset. Port B is connected to Hitachi LCD, from which display is controlled. Pin no 9& 10 micro controller is connected to clock crystal Train is connected to a magnet which is detected by a magnetic sensor. Magnetic sensor is made of vacuum tube of glass in which two plates of ferro magnetic combination of iron and nickel. To close the reed switch contacts two approaches are generally used. When permanent magnet as shown in our project is brought into the proximity of reed switch , the individual reeds become magnetized with the attraractive magnetic polarity as shown in project.

We have developed a project for digital logic design that uses a model train.The project uses a train layout with several express and local tracks, with paths blocked withfreight cars.WE uses sensor inputs from the layout to determine which track sections areoccupied, and to find a path for a locomotive to follow from one end of the layout to the other.Digital logic is used to find the path, and to actually throw train switches to have the locomotivefollow the proper route.we are familiar with model trains, and actually driving the switches with the logic theydesign captures their interest. The basics of simple logic design can be covered quickly andimplemented using LabVIEW without getting into circuit analysis. The track layout that isemployed provides a challenge in finding the optimal route, but at the same time is notoverwhelming to the student. It can also be the basis for a lively design competition.Background. The technical approaches and solutions so that the student gains an appreciation of the tradeoffs an engineerhas to make.For a number of years, designing a house, including utilities and lighting, was the project used.Although some students enjoyed the project, many students felt it had limited application to thespecific field of engineering that they liked. Also, it did not have enough excitement. Reacting tothese feelings, we added additional projects to the course involving Robolab. These projectscertainly increased the excitement of the students as the robots had to traverse mazes and pickthings up, but the attitude of many students is that these projects were too closely tied to Mechanical Engineering. The Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering students were particularly vocal about this, where they wanted a project that was as much fun as the robots, butinvolved some aspect of electronic design.

COMPONENTS LIST1. 1, 3V D.C. Motor

2. 3 Magnetic Sensors

3. Microcontroller

4. LCD

5. Railway TrackADVANTAGES

1. Less Accidental Cases

2. Less Manwork

3. Money Saver

4. Time Saver

DISADVANTAGES

1. More tracks will be installed on heavy cost

FUTURE SCOPE

The project is very easy to made and cheap in cost and will prove an engineering revolution in future because it automatically works and no fear of accidents. DIAGRAMS

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