Autism By: Mayra Ruiz Luis 3-05-13 3rd Period. Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Autism and Assistive Technology - 3rd Oct 2012
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Autism and Assistive TechnologySpectronics Inclusive Learning Technologies
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www.spectronics.com.au
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Amanda Hartmann Inclusive Technology Consultant(Speech Pathologist)
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AutismAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Range of conditions that share common characteristics, including difficulties with communicating, problem
solving and interacting.
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Communication
Social development
Behaviour
ASD
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• Don't know exactly what causes ASD
• Brain has not developed in a typical way
• Different parts of the brain don't communicate with each other in a typical way
• No two people with ASD are the same
• Some evidence to suggest it is genetically based
What we do know...
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In Australia, over 42,000 children
aged between 0 and 14 have been diagnosed
with Autism.
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Communication skillsAutism Spectrum Disorder
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Communication skillsAffected in different ways
• Significant delays in speaking, use and understand fewer words
• Not speaking at all (nonverbal)
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CommunicationIn those children who do develop speech
• Copy or echo words (echolalia) with no real meaning attached
• Difficulty initiating communication
• Talk about their special interests
• Difficulty using language for a range of purposes
• Use and understand a limited set of vocabulary
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Communication
• Children with little or no speech
• Need to be given alternative ways to communicate (commonly called AAC)
• Devices and apps
• Don't forget low tech
• Multimodal approach
Nonverbal
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Social development Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Social development Early social interaction is difficult
• Appear uninterested in social contact
• Difficult to engage and interact with
• Rarely show interest in others
• May not respond to others
• Little eye contact
• Rarely chat or play with others
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In those children who do develop speech
• Difficulty using language appropriately in conversations
• Difficulty understanding social rules and expected behaviours
• Cannot initiate and maintain conversations
• Difficulty making and keeping friends
• Unable to effectively solve social problems and negotiate
• Problems expressing and understanding feelings and emotions
Social development
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BehaviourAutism Spectrum Disorder
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BehaviourComplex and variable
• Prefer routines and sameness and dislike change
• Meltdowns
• Repetitive behaviours
• Obsess over particular interest areas
• Sensory challenges affect behaviours
• Seek sensory stimulation
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Early warning signsSeek advice if you see some or
many of these behaviours:
• Doesn't smile at familiar people
• Doesn't respond to name
• Doesn't easily engage in or even enjoy games
• Doesn't use eye contact
• Doesn't point to things
• Doesn't understand instructions
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Early warning signs, more...Seek advice if you see some or
many of these behaviours:
• Intense interest in narrow range of topics
• Obsessed with one game or toy
• Easily upset by change, demands routine
• Unusual body movements
• Extremely sensitive to sensory experiences
• Seeks sensory stimulation
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Typical InterventionsIn Australia
Goal directed
Family and education focused
Team decisions
Functional- generalisation
VisualStructured and consistent
Individualised
Behavioural
Technology integrated
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Typical interventions include:
• EARLY INTERVENTION
• Applied Behavioural Analysis
• Picture Exchange Communication System
• Aided Language Stimulation
• Visual tools
• Social stories
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Picture Exchange Communication System
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Aided Language Stimulation
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Visual Tools Eg. Schedules
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Social Stories
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TechnologyChanges and challenges
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TechnologyCurrently being used:
• Computers/ laptops
• Specialised software
• Websites
• Mobile tablet technologies, eg. iPad
• Growing and expanding
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TechnologyIntegrate use to:
• Improve and develop a communication system
• Assist development of social skills
• Enhance ability to learn
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iPad revolution
iPad craze iPad frenzy
iPad revolutionIn Australia
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New technologies• Mobile and portable
• Easily accessed
• "Normal"
• Motivating
• Cost effective
• User-friendly
• Engaging
• Multi-Functional
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Some examplesOf integrating technology
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Challengesand solutions...
• Durability
Solution: protective cases and coverings
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Challengesand solutions...
• Finding the right Apps/program's
Solution: access blogs and websites that review apps, Autism Apps.
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Challengesand solutions...
• One size fits all?
Solution: no quick fix, no single solution, team assessment and problem solving
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Challengesand solutions...
• Abandonment of other valuable strategies
Solution: don't throw the baby out with the bath water.. The iPad is just one tool in our tool kit.
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spectronics.com.au/blog/tools-and-resources/sett
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Challengesand solutions...
• ICT ....
• ie... It Can't Teach
Solution: not the total solution, success relies on the teacher still teaching
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Challengesand solutions...
• Training and support
Solution: funding to support ongoing and continuing professional development, access to the right training
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Challengesand solutions...
• Ongoing support to implement
Solution: access to regular support services and therapies, collect and review data
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Challengesand solutions...
• iPad obsession and keeping kids on task
Solution: Limited music, video and entertainment apps, Use within structured time limits, Use together, encouraging interaction and engagement, iOS 6 - Guided Access
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REMEMBER....Continue to support students:
• With clear goals and objectives
• While continuing to collect data
• While reviewing what works and what doesn't
• And stay flexible and ready to make changes on the run
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Apps for Special EducationBy the Spectronics Consultancy Team
spectronics.com.au/blog/apple
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spectronics.com.au/online
Subscription
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