Authors in World Historyacpsweb.com/sites/World History II/Shared Documents/WHII authors...
Transcript of Authors in World Historyacpsweb.com/sites/World History II/Shared Documents/WHII authors...
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Authors in World History
Voorhees
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Who wrote the Koran?
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Muhammad the Prophet
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What religion did Muhammad found?
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Islam
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Name the Renaissance writer
best known for writing sonnets.
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Shakespeare
Northern Renaissance-
England
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What is a sonnet?
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A 14 line poem -
(very popular in the Renaissance)
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Who wrote the Renaissance book In Praise of Folly?
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Erasmus
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Why did Erasmus write In Praise of
Folly?
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It criticized abuses in the
Catholic Church
A “folly” is a mistake
Erasmus harassed the Catholic Church
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Who wrote the 95 Theses?
Church door in Wittenberg
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Martin Luther
Luther lived in the northern German
states of the Holy Roman Empire
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Why did Martin Luther write the
95 Theses?
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A list of 95 statements criticizing the Catholic Church
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Name three famous plays Shakespeare wrote.
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Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet
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Who wrote Don Quixote?
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Cervantes
Cervantes was from Spain
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What was Don Quixote about?
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Its hero is generally seen as a universal symbol of idealists on impossible quests for goodness.
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What was significant about Don Quixote?
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It was the first novel!
(novel= fiction=
not a true story)
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What Age of Enlightenment
book did Thomas Hobbes write?
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Leviathan
A Leviathan is a huge “sea monster”
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What did Hobbes argue was the best form of government in Leviathan?
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absolutism
The Leviathan, or sea monster, represents the all powerful government Hobbes believed exist
to avoid chaosHobbes absolute ruler
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Who wrote the Two Treatises of Government?
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John Locke
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A. What did Locke argue was the best form of Government?
B. Why?
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A. democracy
B. Locke believed in democracy because he argued the people were SOVEREIGN (the people have ultimate power)
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What three rights did Locke say the Government MUST
protect?
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Life, liberty, and property
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What affects did John Locke have on the United States?
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He influenced the Declaration of Independence.
“among these
rights are life,
liberty, and the
pursuit of
happiness”
- T. Jefferson
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Who wrote The Spirit of Laws?
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Baron de Montesquieu
Montesquieu was from France
“Liberty is the right to do everything which the laws
allow.”-Montesquieu
(from L'Esprit des lois)
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What idea about the structure of government did Montesquieu
express in Spirit?
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“separation of powers”
(3 branches of government)
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Why did Montesquieu advocate “separation
of powers”?
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In order to avoid one person gaining all the
power
(NO ABSOLUTISM!)
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If Montesqueiu is AGAINST absolutism,
then which thinker does he disagree with?
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ThomasHobbes
A Leviathan: The absolute
government
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What affect did Montesquieu have on the United States?
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Montesquieu influenced the U.S. Constitution
The Constitution sets up three branches of
Government, just as Montesquieu recommended.
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What was Voltaire famous
for saying?
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“I disapprove of what you say, but will defend to the death your right
to say it”
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What does this quote defend?
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Freedom of speech and
religion
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Who wrote the Social Contract?
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
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What does Rousseau say about “The
Social (or society’s) Contract?”
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It is a contract between the people and their rulers
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What does Rousseau say should happen if
this contract is broken by the
rulers?
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The people should rebel!
The Storming of BastilleLiberty leading the
People
by Delacroix
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List the Five Enlightenment
writers/thinkers
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5 Enlightenment thinkers:
1. Thomas Hobbes
2. John Locke
3. Baron de Montesquieu
4. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
5. Voltaire
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A. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
B. Which Enlightenment thinker influenced it the most?
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A. Thomas Jefferson
B. John Locke
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Who wrote the Wealth of Nations?
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Adam SmithYeah me.
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What did the Wealth of Nations
defend?
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It defended capitalism--freedom to buy and sell as you please
Smith said this created wealth even though no one controls it.
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A. What did Karl Marx Write?
B. Who helped him write it?
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A. Communist ManifestoB. Frederick Engels
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What new ideas did Marx introduce in the Communist
Manifesto?
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Communism and Socialism
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What did communism and socialism attempt to correct?
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the bad conditions and unequal incomes of the Industrial Revolution
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Describe a communist society
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Equal wages for all workers; common property--no right to own property!
Common farms Equal wages in all jobs
Soviet Harvest
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What two groups did Marx say are always in conflict?
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The Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie
A proletariat ready to revolt
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A. Who are the Proletariat?
B. Who are the Bourgeoisie?
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A. The Proletariat are the workers (factories, mines)
B. The Bourgeoisie are the middle class
(owners and managers)
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What did Marx predict would happen
between the Proletariat and Bourgeoisie?
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The Proletariat would revolt, overthrow the
Bourgeoisie, take control of the factories, and create communism
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Given Marx’s belief in communism, who would have been the
person MOST opposite of Marx?
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Adam SmithHe defended
capitalism, which Karl Marx said caused bad
conditions and unequal wages
for the Proletariat
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What book did Adolf Hitler
write?
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Mein Kampf“My Struggle”
Hitler laid out his plan for Germany and his
hatred of Jews
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one more!WHO IS THIS MAN?
•5th-century BC Greek historian•provided information about ancient Greece, North Africa, and the Middle East. •traveled extensively throughout the Mediterranean world. •“Father of History” •produced a narrative compilation of his findings, entitled History
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father of history
Herodotus