Austro-Hungarian EmpireAustro-Hungarian Empire

Likda Morash, Kelly McKenna, Nam Ong, Likda Morash, Kelly McKenna, Nam Ong, Abygael McInnis & Connor YoungAbygael McInnis & Connor Young

A.A.

ORIGINORIGIN

• The monarchy didn’t come into existence until 1867, however the The monarchy didn’t come into existence until 1867, however the empire started to come into play in 1804, and lasted until 1918.empire started to come into play in 1804, and lasted until 1918.

• 1804 = Francis II of the Holy Roman Empire 1804 = Francis II of the Holy Roman Empire Francis I, emperor Francis I, emperor of Austria.of Austria.

• Hofburg Imperial Palace, Hofburg Imperial Palace, Vienna was the place where Vienna was the place where

the Habsburg dynasty the Habsburg dynasty ruled Austriaruled Austria

• Habsburgs = immense amount Habsburgs = immense amount of political power in Western of political power in Western and Central Europe.and Central Europe.

• Hungary was part of the Habsburg Hungary was part of the Habsburg dynasty for 5 centuriesdynasty for 5 centuries

Austrian Coat of ArmsAustrian Coat of Arms

• Hungary was part of the Habsburg dynasty for 5 Hungary was part of the Habsburg dynasty for 5 centuries.centuries.

• Acquired their dynastic devices by fortunate marriage.Acquired their dynastic devices by fortunate marriage.• Ferdinand Habsburg married Vladislav II’s daughter Ferdinand Habsburg married Vladislav II’s daughter

Anne.Anne.• Ferdinands sister married Vladislav’s son, Louis IIFerdinands sister married Vladislav’s son, Louis II• Louis II died at battle, making Ferdinand next to the Louis II died at battle, making Ferdinand next to the

throne.throne.• Habsburgs = most powerful political house in Central Habsburgs = most powerful political house in Central

Europe from 1526 to 1918Europe from 1526 to 1918

Hungarian FlagHungarian Flag

B.B.

AUSGLEICH OF AUSGLEICH OF 18671867

• The Ausgleich of 1867 was signed on February 8 1867The Ausgleich of 1867 was signed on February 8 1867• The purpose of the Ausgleich, which is German for The purpose of the Ausgleich, which is German for

compromise, was to give Hungary equal status with compromise, was to give Hungary equal status with Austria. Austria.

• The king of Hungary would be the same man as the The king of Hungary would be the same man as the emperor of Austriaemperor of Austria

• Both countries were judged equallyBoth countries were judged equally• After years, the Hungarians began to want self-After years, the Hungarians began to want self-

governmentgovernment• The Austrian- Hungarian empire lasted fifty yearsThe Austrian- Hungarian empire lasted fifty years

The Civil Ensign; Austro-Hungarian “Flag”The Civil Ensign; Austro-Hungarian “Flag”

C.C.

GOVERNING GOVERNING STRUCTURESTRUCTURE

• One head figure – Francis Joseph I (Emperor of One head figure – Francis Joseph I (Emperor of Austria / King of Hungary)Austria / King of Hungary)

• Both Austria and Hungary have their own individual Both Austria and Hungary have their own individual constitution and parliament (“Reichsrat” for Austria constitution and parliament (“Reichsrat” for Austria

and “Diet” for Hungary).and “Diet” for Hungary).• There was no intervening in other’s affairs.There was no intervening in other’s affairs.

• Delegates met alternatively in Vienna and Budapest.Delegates met alternatively in Vienna and Budapest.• The empire had common ministries for Finance, The empire had common ministries for Finance,

Foreign Affair and Military. Both Austrians and Foreign Affair and Military. Both Austrians and Hungarians were appointed for positions.Hungarians were appointed for positions.

Francis JosephFrancis Joseph

D.D.

FOREIGN FOREIGN AFFAIRSAFFAIRS

• Once Napoleon fell in 1814-15, Austria became in Once Napoleon fell in 1814-15, Austria became in control of the German states (East). control of the German states (East).

• In 1866 the Austro-Prussian war saw the expulsion of In 1866 the Austro-Prussian war saw the expulsion of Austrians from the German Confederation Austrians from the German Confederation • Francis Joseph had to bring together his Francis Joseph had to bring together his “heterogeneous empire” (Middle of Europe)“heterogeneous empire” (Middle of Europe)

• When the union was made between the two empires it When the union was made between the two empires it was NOT by choice. was NOT by choice.

• There was no chance of Austro-Hungarian Empire There was no chance of Austro-Hungarian Empire uniting at all with Italy or Germany, so it looked to the uniting at all with Italy or Germany, so it looked to the

West (Balkans)West (Balkans)

• Empire tried to pursue Bosnia and Herzegovina Empire tried to pursue Bosnia and Herzegovina while they were under the rule of the Ottoman while they were under the rule of the Ottoman

Empire- RISKY BUSINESS!Empire- RISKY BUSINESS!• 1878- Austro-Hungarian Empire was granted 1878- Austro-Hungarian Empire was granted occupation to the Bosnia-Herzegovina territory occupation to the Bosnia-Herzegovina territory

by the Treaty of Berlinby the Treaty of Berlin• 1879- For protection from the Russians, a 1879- For protection from the Russians, a

German- Austro-Hungarian alliance was createdGerman- Austro-Hungarian alliance was created• Bosnian CrisisBosnian Crisis

• Austro-Hungarian Empire falls at end of WW1Austro-Hungarian Empire falls at end of WW1

E.E.

BOSNIAN CRISISBOSNIAN CRISIS

•Began 1908 when Austro-Hungry began the annexation of Bosnia which eventually Began 1908 when Austro-Hungry began the annexation of Bosnia which eventually led to international complications and had the entire continent of Europe on the brink led to international complications and had the entire continent of Europe on the brink

of war. of war.

•The idea of the annexation was acquire to acquire Bosnia in a formal way by The idea of the annexation was acquire to acquire Bosnia in a formal way by occupation. occupation.

•The annexation of Bosnia began because due to the treaty of Berlin it allowed the The annexation of Bosnia began because due to the treaty of Berlin it allowed the dual monarchy to control Bosnia and Herzegovina.dual monarchy to control Bosnia and Herzegovina.

•Serbia a nearby country of Bosnia and Herzegovina was upset by this act because it Serbia a nearby country of Bosnia and Herzegovina was upset by this act because it desperately wanted access to the Adriatic but wouldn’t be allowed by Austro Hungry. desperately wanted access to the Adriatic but wouldn’t be allowed by Austro Hungry.

•The Serbs protested the agreement because it damaged their economy.The Serbs protested the agreement because it damaged their economy.

•Austro-Hungry shut these protests down quickly.Austro-Hungry shut these protests down quickly.

•Russia supported an international conference to consider the matter of the Berlin Russia supported an international conference to consider the matter of the Berlin Treaty. Treaty.

•Austro-Hungry did not want an international conference it agreed to it as long as its Austro-Hungry did not want an international conference it agreed to it as long as its program was pre decided and agreed upon.program was pre decided and agreed upon.

•Russia input a program but Austro-Hungry said that benefits for Serbia should be Russia input a program but Austro-Hungry said that benefits for Serbia should be economic only.economic only.

•Later a settlement was reached in 1909 in which ended the annexation of Bosnia and Later a settlement was reached in 1909 in which ended the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.Herzegovina.

•The crisis was ended with an Austro-Hungarian victory over Serbia and a German and The crisis was ended with an Austro-Hungarian victory over Serbia and a German and Austro-Hungarian victory over Russia. Austro-Hungarian victory over Russia.

BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY

• World monarchies and dynastiesWorld monarchies and dynasties. 1st ed. 2005. . 1st ed. 2005. • World Monarchies and DynastiesWorld Monarchies and Dynasties. 2nd ed. 2005 . 2nd ed. 2005

• Sowards, Steven. "Lecture 4: Hungary and the limits of Habsburg authority ." Sowards, Steven. "Lecture 4: Hungary and the limits of Habsburg authority ." Twenty-Five Lectures on Twenty-Five Lectures on Modern Balkan HistoryModern Balkan History. 23 April 2004. 21 Sep 2008 . 23 April 2004. 21 Sep 2008

<http://www.lib.msu.edu/sowards/balkan/lecture4.html>.<http://www.lib.msu.edu/sowards/balkan/lecture4.html>.• "Austria-Hungary." Britannica. 15th ed. 2003."Austria-Hungary." Britannica. 15th ed. 2003.

• "Austria-Hungary." "Austria-Hungary." Encyclopædia BritannicaEncyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 20 Sep. 2008 . 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 20 Sep. 2008 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/44386/Austria-Hungary>.<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/44386/Austria-Hungary>.

• http://www.wordreference.com/definition/annexationhttp://www.wordreference.com/definition/annexation• "Austria-Hungary," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2008"Austria-Hungary," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2008

http://encarta.msn.com © 1997-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.http://encarta.msn.com © 1997-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

• http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/boshtml/bos130.htmhttp://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/boshtml/bos130.htm