Australian Oilseed Quality Overview

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive

Australian Oilseed Quality Overview

Grain Quality Forums – March/April 2014


Oilseed Quality – what the market wants


What is important to a oilseed processor? Oil Content (High) Protein Content (High) Moisture (Low) Admixture/ foreign material (Low) Weight (kg/Hl) (High) Chlorophyll (Green Seeds) (Low) Heat Damaged Seeds (Nil) Contaminants (Nil) Food safety issues (eg chemical MRL’s) (Nil) Fatty Acid Profile (Consistent)


Oil content:

Generally the higher the oil content the better– however some years when the protein market is high

and the oil market is low and the additional revenue from the higher oil does not cover the oil bonification payments.

– Current example on Canola: Oil Bonus of around $8.50 per 1% increase in oil however the processor is only receiving about a $6.00 benefit per the extra 1% oil, hence is out of pocket $2.50.

Often low oil content seed will also have other quality problems (eg high chlorophyll caused from early swathing or with frosted seed),


Moisture content:

Paying oilseed price for water isn’t desirable Oilseed processor needs to take seed moisture

down to 2-4% (depending on type of seed and processing equipment being used).

Not only is there an extra cost in the removal of the moisture but the daily plant throughput is reduced with high moisture seed (this increases the crush cost per tonne).

The higher the seed moisture the higher the risk of spoilage in storage


Moisture & Oil content for safe storage:


Heated seedHeated seed produces dark oil with high ffa and is like a bottle of wine that has gone off.

Heated seed is generally a result of high moisture seed being put into storage.

When the oil is dark (as seen in the bottle on the left) it is generally an indication of high oxidation and severe degradation of the oil quality. Heated Oil Vs Normal Oil

(Both samples are crude canola)


Weight

Low hectolitre weight is often a good indicator of quality problems with the seed that can’t be tested and the point of receival (eg higher “free fatty acid” level which is an indication of increased oxidation which can occur from insect damage and is often identified with low weight seed)

AOF Standards:– Canola Test Weight Min 62 kg/hl– Sunflower Test Wt Min 32 kg/hl– Soybean Test Wt Min 70 kg/hl


Chlorophyll (green seed) Green seed is high in chlorophyll and a problem for oil

refiners. The markets for Canola, Sunflower and soybean oil are all after a light slightly golden coloured oil (not green).

To remove the chlorophyll additional or special bleaching clays are required which is an extra cost and the oil losses in the refinery increase greatly with high chlorophyll oil.

The AOF is currently working with NSW DPI to develop a NIR calibration for high chlorophyll canola which will be more accurate and efficient way of identifying problem loads than the old green seed test.

High Chlorophyll content is caused by plant not reaching full maturity prior to harvest or desiccation (frost, early swathing, late season drought can all be potential causes).


Australian Canola QualityAnnual Quality Reporting• Independent

- Govt Laboratory

• Transparent

• List all major quality attributes.


2013/14 Harvest Quality Results

Quality ParameterAustralian

MeanOil content, % in whole seed @ 6 % moisture 44.9Protein content, % in oil-free meal @ 10 % moisture 38.0Moisture in seed % 5.4Glucosinolates, µmoles/g in whole seed @ 6 % moisture 9Volumetric grain weights, lbs/b 52.8

kg/hL 66.9Chlorophyll, mg/kg (only small No of samples tested to date) 4 - 8


State by State Performance- 13/14

NSW SA Victoria WA30

35

40

45

50

55

State NSW SA Victoria WA30

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

46

State


101214161820

State

Oil Levels (% Seed) Protein Levels (% Seed)

Glucosinolate Levels (umoles/gm)


Australian Canola Oil Level Trends

2004

.520

05.6

2006

.720

07.8

2008

.09

2009

.10

2010

.11

2011

.12

2012

.13

2013

.143940414243444546

% Oil in Seed


Australian Canola Protein Level Trends

2004

.520

05.6

2006

.720

07.8

2008

.09

2009

.10

2010

.11

2011

.12

2012

.13

2013

.1435

37

39

41

43

45% Protein in Seed


Australian Oil + Protein Level Trends

2004

.520

05.6

2006

.720

07.8

2008

.09

2009

.10

2010

.11

2011

.12

2012

.13

2013

.1472747678808284868890

% Oil + Protein in seed


Australian Quality 20 year trend

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

65

70

75

80

85

90% Oil + Protein in seed


Australian Canola Oil

Canola Oil Quality


Fatty Acid profiles- 2013/14 and Trends

C18:1 (% in Oil) C18:2 (% in Oil)

2004

.520

05.6

2006

.720

07.8

2008

.09

2009

.10

2010

.11

2011

.12

2012

.13

2013

.14555759616365

2004

.520

05.6

2006

.720

07.8

2008

.09

2009

.10

2010

.11

2011

.12

2012

.13

2013

.141517192123


55

60

65

70

75

StateNSW SA Victoria WA

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

State

% in

Oil


Fatty Acid profiles- 2013/14 and Trends

C18:3 (% in Oil) Total Sats (% in Oil)

2004

.520

05.6

2006

.720

07.8

2008

.09

2009

.10

2010

.11

2011

.12

2012

.13

2013

.149

101112

2004

.520

05.6

2006

.720

07.8

2008

.09

2009

.10

2010

.11

2011

.12

2012

.13

2013

.146789

NSW SA Victoria WA0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

StateNSW SA Victoria WA

5

5.5

6

6.5

7

7.5

8

8.5

State

% in

Oil


Iodine Values- 2013/14 and TrendsIodine Value (% in Oil)

200220032004200520062007200820092010291120122013110

112

114

116

118


95

100

105

110

115

120

State

% in

Oil


Take home points:

Australian Canola has: Very high oil content Very good oil + protein (and still improving) Generally low moisture content (approx. 2%

below Nth Hemisphere). Low Chlorophyll compared to Northern

Hemisphere (reduced refining costs) Possibly a lowering of Iodine value (is this a

issue or an opportunity?)

Australian Oilseed Quality Overview

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