Australia Physical Geography SS6G12, SS6G13. Essential Questions What are the physical features of...
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![Page 1: Australia Physical Geography SS6G12, SS6G13. Essential Questions What are the physical features of Australia and where are they located? How has the geography.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022072011/56649e035503460f94aef3a5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Australia
Physical Geography
SS6G12, SS6G13
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Essential Questions• What are the physical features of Australia
and where are they located?
• How has the geography of Australia impacted its population density?
• How does the factors of location, climate, access to water and natural resources affect where Australians choose to live and work? How do these factors affect trade?
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Key Terms
• Marsupial- an animal that carries its young in a body pouch
• Coral- a rocklike material made up of the skeletons of tiny sea creatures
• Geyser – A hot spring that ejects a column of water into the air.
• Tectonic plate- a large piece of the Earth’s crust
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What does the location mean?
• South of the Equator= seasons opposite of those in the U.S.
• Far from large landmasses
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A Unique Environment
• Plants & Animals unique to the region.
–Biologically unique- Marsupials (Almost all mammals are marsupials in Australia)
–Kiwi & Yellow-eyed Penguin
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Why So Unique?? • Tectonic Plates: – Australia & Oceania are part
of the Indo-Australia plate.– Once part of large landmass
that included Antarctica.– Moved NW in Pacific Ocean
• Wild life slowly changed, - Islands are isolated these living things did not spread to other regions
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Where and Why do people live where they do?
• Most Australians live along Australia’s East & SouthEast coasts. Why?
• This plain has most fertile farmland & receives ample rain. Why?
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• Moist winds from the Pacific Ocean bring rain & mild pleasant climate
• Also, the presence of the Murray & Darling rivers
• So where would most cities be located?
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Great Dividing Range
• West of GDR is a rain shadow.
• People depend on wells for fresh water
• Outback= desert & grassland
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Great Barrier Reef
• Tourism – The business of providing tours and services for tourists.
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World’s Largest Coral Reef
• Located in the Coral Sea – NE Australia• Includes 2600 individual reefs, 900 islands, and an area of 133,000 square miles. • Became known to Europe 1770- Captain Cook
• # 1 destination for tourism, especially scuba divers, some popular areas suffered
major damage
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Environmental Concerns
• Runoff– Several major cities along NE coast. – Large areas of coastal lands have been used for
agricultural & pastoral purposes. – Sediment & chemical runoff from farming – Loss of coastal wetlands which are natural filter – Results in 400 of 3000 reefs are within risk zone were
water quality has declined – Crown-of-Thorns starfish natural predator of corals,
dramatic in species caused by water quality
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Environmental Concerns continued
• Global Warming – Many corals living at upper edge of temp.
tolerance. – This can lead to Coral Bleaching• Corals release photosynthesizing cells- turn white • If water doesn’t cool down w/in a month, coral dies
– Also brings about more violent tropical storms
So who takes care of GBR?
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GBR Marine Park Authority
• Australian Government manages reef: zoning, management plans, permits, education used to conserve GBR
• 1981 selected as World Heritage Site • 2004, GBR Marine Park became largest
protected sea area in world. From 4.6% to 33.3%
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Review• What are the physical features of Australia
and where are they located?• How has the geography of Australia
impacted its population density? • How does the factors of location, climate,
access to water and natural resources affect where Australians choose to live and work? How do these factors affect trade?