Australia in the 20th century

The Commonwealth of Australia

In 1901, the six colonies of Australia adopted a federal constitution and became a self-governing dominion of the British Empire.

White Australia PolicyWorld WarⅠAustralian-New Zealand Army Corps

(ANZAC)ANZAC Day (April 25)The war brought benefits to its economy.

Economic development plan in the 1920s

“men, money and markets”Men—immigrantsMoney—capital borrowed from the British

governmentMarkets—imperial preference (mutual

preference for trade between Britain and the dominions.)

The Great Depression in the 1930s

Main causesExternal—the collapse of wool and wheat

prices and the cessation of loansInternal—an existing recession and

drought

World WarⅡ

With the beginning of the Pacific War, Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain for the first time.

Australian servicemen made significant contributions to the Allied victory in Europe and Asia-Pacific region.

After the World WarⅡ

Australia entered a boom period. An employment rate of almost 100% and a

high standard of living.The movement to gain recognition of

Aboriginal rights and a campaign against the White Australian Policy began in the 1960s.

Consolidation of national security

In 1951, Australia took the historic step of signing its first treaty with foreign nations.

ANZUS Treaty: mutual defense and support in case of war.

1980s—21st Century

Economic reformsMaintain the form of Australian governmentAnti-terrorismHighly developed economy and diverse

culture

Melbourne

Melbourne

the Olympic Games in 1956

Sydney Olympic Games in 2000

University of Sydney

University of Adelaide