Aushadha nirmana

34
Dr.M.Bhuvaneswari Final year PG Scholar Dr.N.R.S.G.A.C. Vja

Transcript of Aushadha nirmana

Page 1: Aushadha nirmana

Dr.M.Bhuvaneswari

Final year PG

Scholar

Dr.N.R.S.G.A.C. Vja

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AUSHADA NIRMANA

RAW DRUG COLLECTION

IDENTIFICATION

SELECTION

COLLECTION

STORAGE

PREPARATION OF MEDICINES

TECHNOLOGY IN MAKING

FORMULATIONS

STORAGE

SHELF LIFE

PACKAGING

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RAW DRUG

IDENTIFICATIONIDENTIFICATION ch. Su.1/121

su.su.37/11

– on basis of morphological characters with the help of synonyms mentioned in nighantus

Eg. Katuki – Matsya sakala – surface of rhizome

Satavari – Phanijihwa patrika - Leaves

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COLLECTION – Sa. Pra.Kh 1/57 – 58

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COLLECTION

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PLANTS SHOULD NOT

COLLECT

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COLLECTION BASED ON

RITU

RITU PART TO BE COLLECTED

Grisma / Sisira Mula

Varsa / Vasanta Patra, Sakha

Yadharutu Pushpa, Phala

Hemanta Sara

Sarat Twak, Kanda, Ksira

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Based on

PANCHAMAHABHUTAS

Ref – Su. Su 37/7

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SELECTION OF DRUGS

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ACC to SARANGADHARA

Akhila

karyardham

Sarad ritu

Vasanta ritu

Vamana

virechanartham

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STORAGE

Drugs are more difficult to preserve than

to manufacture

Collected drugs should be kept in an air

tight jars or porcelain jars

Labelling should be done

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Primary

kalpana

AUSHADAAHARA

General classification

Kalpana

Secondary

kalpana

Manda, Peya, Vilepi,

Takra,Yusha..

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OUSHADHA KALPANA

BASED ON USAGE

BAHYAKalpana (External

application)Ex: Lepa, Malahara, etc.

ABHYANTARA Kalpana

(Internal Administration)

Ex: Vati, Avaleha etc.

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Kalpanas Technique

SWARASA Grinding & squeezing

KALKA Grinding on stone

KWATHA 1/16 water reduction to ¼

HIMA Aqueous extraction from cold water

PHANTA Aqueous extraction from hot water

CHURNA Pounding to fine powder

VATI Fine powder made into pills

AVALEHA Kashaya made into paka

SNEHA

KALPANA

preparations in which Taila / Gritha is boiled with a

prescribed drava dravya and Kalka of drugs according to

formula

SANDHANA

KALPANA

medicinal preparation made by soaking the drug either in

the powder form or in Kashaya form in a solution of sugar

or jaggery

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SWARASA

स्वरस इति सध्यो रसः। श.क.द्रु यन्त्र तिष्पीडििाि ्द्रव्यि ् रसः स्वरस उच्यिे।

च.सू.४The freshly extracted juice from the drug is

known as Swarasa.

Ex: Tulasi Swarasa

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USES:

It is used as Anupana

Used in secondary preparation.

Used as Shodhana dravya.

Used as a Bhavana dravya.

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KALKA

यः पपण्िो रसः पपष्ठािाां सकल्कां पररककतिििः।

च.सू.४Kalka is a soft paste of a wet or dry drug

prepared by grinding wet drug without

adding water and dry one with little water.

Ex: Nimba patra kalka.

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KWATHA

वन्त्हौ िु क्वथििां द्रव्यां श्रिृqÉÉहुश्चचककत्सकाः।

च.सू.६/१One part of coarsely powdered drug is boiled with 16 parts of water in an earthen pot and kept over fire till liquid is reduced to 1/8 part of original quantity.

Ex: Triphala kwatha.

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HIMA

शीतो रात्रिं द्रवे त्थितः। अ.हृ.क ६/१०

One part of drug is put in 6 parts of cold water and kept

overnight.

Ex: Dhanyakadi hima

USES:

In secondary preparations

Seka - Kriyakalpa

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PHANTA

क्षिप्िोष्णा िोये मदृििां िि ्फाण्टमभिधीयिे।च.

सू. ४/१०A coarse powder of a drug is put in hot water and it is rubbed and filtered with a cloth.

Ex: Panchakola phanta

USES:

In secondary preparations

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SNEHA KALPANA

Taila / Gritha are preparations in which Taila / Gritha is boiled with a prescribed drava dravyaand Kalka of drugs according to formula. This process ensures absorption of active therapeutic principles of the ingredients used.

Ex: Triphala ghrita.

USES:

Used internally as well as externally.

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SANDHANA KALPANA

Asava and Aristha are medicinal preparation made by soaking the drug either in the powder form or in Kashaya form in a solution of sugar or jaggery for specific period of time for fermentation to generate alcohol, thus facilitating the extraction of active principles contained in the drug. The alcohol so generated also serves as a preservative.

Ex: Dashamularishta, Kanakasava.

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CHURNA

Churna is a powder of single drug or a

mixture of two or more drugs. The drugs are

finely powdered and they are filtered through

a cloth.

Ex: Sitopaladi churna

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VATI KALPANA

Medicines prepared in the form of tablet or pills

are known as Vati or Gutika etc. These are

made of one or more drugs either of plant,

animal or mineral origin or in combination.

Ex: Chandraprabha vati

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LEPA KALPANA

The medicine in the form of a paste used

for external application are called as

Lepas .

Ex: Dashanga Lepa , Vishaghna Lepa.

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MALAHARA KALPANA

Malahara are ointment preparation. It

contains beewax and oil as base to this fine

powder of various ingredients are used and

mixed well.

Ex : Sarjarasa malahara

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UPANAHA

Upanaha is the application of thick and

warm paste of different drugs to the

body and covering it with cloth.

Ex : Atasi upanaha

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GUGGULU KALPANA

The formulation which contain Guggulu

as a main ingredient is known as

Guggulu kalpana.

It is mainly in pills form.

Ex: Triphala Guggulu, Yogaraja

Guggulu.

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PATHYA KALPANA

Pathya kalpanas are the dietetic preparations which

helps in treating the disease and helps in maintenance of good

health.

Manda :14 part of water with 1 part of broken rice.

Peya : 14 part of water with 1 part of broken rice.

Vilepi : It is more thicker than peya.

Anna : 5 part of water and 1 part of rice is used.

Yusa : It is obtained by boiling any types of pulses, but not rice.

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ANCIENT ERA PRESENT ERA

KHALVA YANTRA JUICE EXTRACTOR,

MECHANICAL KHALVA

YANTRA

ULUKHALA YANTRA PULVERISER

HEATING DEVICE AS

KOSHTI

STOVE OR ELECTRIC

HEATERS, FURNACE

PILL MAKING - MANUAL TABLET MAKING

MACHINE30

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RAW MATERIAL

COLLECTION

AUTHENTICATION

RAW DRUG STORAGE

WASHING

31

DISPENSING

Final product

SECONDARY

PREPARATION

PRIMARY PREPARAT

ION

PACKING SEALING LABELLING

QUALI

TY

CONT

ROL

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DOSAGE FORMS

S.NO Kalpana dosage

1 Swarasa 1 Pala

2 Kalka 1 karsha

3 Kwatha 2 Pala

4 Phanta 2Pala

5 Hima 2Pala

6 Churna 1 karsha

7 Vati 1karsha

8 Avaleha 1 karsha

9 Taila/Ghrita 2karsha

10 Sandhana 2 pala

11 Guggulu 1 karsha

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CONCLUSION

Samyoga, Vishlesha, Kala and Samskara plays important role in designing formulations.

Kalpana have been designed to increase shelf life, alter the Potency and Palatability.

Selection of different dosage forms is left to the Yukti of the BHISHAK as per the needs of the patient.

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