AuroraTM 5800 - Diagramasde.comdiagramas.diagramasde.com/otros/RMN-112862-E04.pdffacilities that...

RMN-112862-E04

November 2001

Reference

AuroraTM 58005.8 GHz

Digital Radio

next level solutions

Copyright 2001, HARRIS CORPORATION. All rights reserved.

Aurora and StarLink are trademarks of the HARRIS CORPORATION.Intersil and PRISM are trademarks of the Intersil Corporation.

Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

HARRIS CORPORATIONMicrowave Communications Division

350 Twin Dolphin DriveRedwood Shores, CA 94065-1421

http://www.microwave.harris.com

We’re ISO certified.

Caveat

Spread spectrum point-to-point radio relay links like Aurora’s are allowed by various regulatory agencies to operate unlicensed on a “noninterference basis”. Because of the unlicensed nature, the Aurora radios require neither frequency licensing nor prior coordination in most regions. Good engineering judgment needs to be exercised by the operator and professional installer to avoid selecting paths or locations near equipment or facilities that could generate interfering signals. Such equipment might include microwave ovens and other high-power ISM devices. Additionally, precaution should be taken when links are deployed in a region where a large number of other 5.8-GHz, point-to-point or point-to-multipoint links are installed.

The Aurora 5800 utility software with its adjustable power feature is for professional installer use only, as mandated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC, Part 15) and the European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETS 300-328).

Harris Corporation does not assume any liability or damage arising out of the application or misuse of this Aurora radio product and its software.

Warranty

Any warranties or conditions made herein by Harris are exclusive, made in lieu of all other warranties or conditions, express or implied (except to title) including, but not limited to, any implied warranty or condition of merchantability, any implied warranty or condition of fitness for a particular purpose, or any warranty or condition arising out of performance or custom or usage of trade. Customer acknowledges any circumstances causing any such exclusive or limited remedy to fail of its essential purpose shall not affect any Harris warranty.

Aurora 5800 contains no user-serviceable or replaceable parts.

Limitation of Damages

Harris’ total and maximum liability under this agreement, or in connection with the subject matter of this agreement, or any transaction related to this agreement, shall be limited to one-half (1/2) of the aggregate amount paid to Harris, regardless of the basis for such liability. The customer acknowledges and agrees that this section shall be enforceable in the event of any claim made in connection with this agreement, including, but not limited to, any claim for failure of delivery. In no event shall Harris be liable for any punitive, special, incidental, or consequential damages, including, but not limited to, lost profits, opportunities, or savings, or for any loss of use of, or loss of data or information of any kind, however caused, or for any full or partial loss of performance of any product, even if Harris has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

• • • • • • Contents

List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Caveat .............................................................................. 23

Repair and Return .......................................................... 24

Service Center Locations .............................................. 24U.S.A. ...................................................................................... 24

Canada .................................................................................... 24

Telephone and Fax Numbers .................................................. 25

Technical Support .......................................................... 25

CHAPTER 1, Introduction .......................................................... 27Aurora 5800 Overview .................................................... 27

Related Publications ...................................................... 28

CHAPTER 2, Product Description ............................................ 29Physical Description ...................................................... 29Front View ............................................................................... 29

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Back View ................................................................................ 31

Connectors ........................................................................ 31

DC Power Connector ........................................................ 31

Labels ................................................................................ 32

Radio Front-Panel Connectors ...................................... 32T1/E1 Interface Connector ...................................................... 32

10Base-T Interface Connector ................................................ 33

Unbalanced E1 Interface ......................................................... 33

Alarm Port ................................................................................ 34

CIT Port ................................................................................... 35

DATA Port ............................................................................... 36

PHONE .................................................................................... 37

Hardware Assemblies .................................................... 38Modem ..................................................................................... 38

Description ........................................................................ 38

Settings for System Configurations ................................... 42

Upconverter and Power Amplifier ............................................ 49

Down Converter and Low-Noise Amplifier ............................... 49

Nominal Frequencies ............................................................... 50

Antenna Diplexer ..................................................................... 50

Aurora 5800 Block Diagram ........................................... 50

CHAPTER 3, System Description ............................................. 53Aurora Modulation Scheme ........................................... 53Introduction .............................................................................. 53

Acquisition Time ...................................................................... 53

Coexistence with Other Radio Links ............................ 54

Aurora Frequency Plans ................................................ 54

Spread Sequence Pseudo-random Number (PN) Selection ................................................................. 55

Aurora 5800 Radio Configurations ............................... 56Point-to-Point Configuration .................................................... 56

Repeater Configuration ........................................................... 57

ontents

CHAPTER 4, Technical Specifications ..................................... 59Features .......................................................................... 59

Performance (One Hop) ................................................. 60System Gain (at BER = 10-3) ..................................................... 60

Frequency Plan (Standard) ..................................................... 60

Acquisition Time ...................................................................... 60

Transmission Delay ................................................................. 60

Dispersive Fade Margin ........................................................... 60

MTBF ....................................................................................... 60

Transmitter ...................................................................... 61Specifications .......................................................................... 61

PN Code and Chip Rate .......................................................... 61

Receiver .......................................................................... 62Specifications .......................................................................... 62

Threshold ................................................................................. 62

Antenna/Diplexer ............................................................ 63Specifications .......................................................................... 63

Frequency Spacing .................................................................. 63

Digital Data Interface ...................................................... 64Data Capacity (Factory Setting Only) ...................................... 64

T1 Specifications ..................................................................... 64

Pulse Shape ...................................................................... 64

Jitter .................................................................................. 65

E1 Specifications ..................................................................... 67

Pulse Shape ...................................................................... 67

Jitter .................................................................................. 68

10Base-T Specifications .......................................................... 69

Ports, Indicators, Test Points, and Alarms .................. 70Ports ........................................................................................ 70

Programmability ................................................................ 70

Front-Panel LED Indicators ..................................................... 70

Front-Panel Test Jacks ............................................................ 71

Built-in Diagnostics (through RS-232) ..................................... 71

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Power Specifications ..................................................... 72

Environmental Specifications ....................................... 72

Mechanical Specifications ............................................. 72

CHAPTER 5, Installation Planning ........................................... 73General ............................................................................ 73

Caveat .............................................................................. 73

Interference ..................................................................... 73

Performance and Economic Considerations ............... 74

Multihop and Hubbing Arrangements .......................... 76Network Planning .................................................................... 76

Parallel-Path Arrangement for Higher Capacity or Protection . 77

Multihop Networking Arrangement through Repeaters ............ 78

Hubbing (Star) Networking Arrangement Out of a Node ......... 79

Channel Assignments .............................................................. 79

Nonparalleled Links ........................................................... 79

Aurora 5800 2T1/2E1 RF Channel Assignments .............. 80

Aurora 5800 T1/E1 RF Channel Assignments .................. 81

Co-channel Frequency Assignments at a Hub Site ................. 82

Hubbing Examples .................................................................. 83

Blocking Arrangement ....................................................... 83

Nonblocking Arrangement ................................................. 85

Conclusion ............................................................................... 86

Harris MCD Service ................................................................. 86

Site Selection .................................................................. 87Link Performance .................................................................... 87

Path Clearance and Reliability ................................................ 87

Antenna Site Selection ............................................................ 88

Antenna Selection .......................................................... 90Antenna Selection Criteria ....................................................... 90

Directivity ........................................................................... 90

Gain ................................................................................... 90

ontents

Polarization ....................................................................... 91

Antenna Cable Selection ............................................... 92Cable Selection ....................................................................... 92

Coaxial Cable .................................................................... 92

Cable Connector ............................................................... 92

Waveguide Transmission Line ................................................ 93

Examples of Path Distance Calculations ..................... 94

Point-to-Point Path Analysis ......................................... 96

Antenna Installation ....................................................... 99Radio Performance .................................................................. 99

Installation Instructions ............................................................ 99

Grounding of Antenna ............................................................. 99

Pre-installation Procedure ........................................... 101General .................................................................................. 101

Loopback Bench Test ............................................................ 101

Spacing Requirement ................................................... 102

Antenna Alignment ....................................................... 103

Loopback Test for the Hop .......................................... 104

CHAPTER 6, Software Utility Program ................................... 105

Aurora Software ............................................................ 105General .................................................................................. 105

Configuration Mode ............................................................... 105

Installing the Software ................................................. 106

Running the Software .................................................. 106

AURORA5800 Dialog Box ............................................ 106Status/Alarms ........................................................................ 109

Aurora Icon ............................................................................ 110

Phone .................................................................................... 110

Connection Configuration (Firmware: Issue 2, Version 3) ...................................................................... 111

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Configurable CIT Port (Firmware: Issue 2, Version 4) ...................................................................... 113Introduction ............................................................................ 113

Setting New Parameters for the CIT Port of the Radio .......... 114

Changing the COM Port Settings of the PC .......................... 115

Saving New CIT Port Settings ............................................... 116

Notes ..................................................................................... 116

Connecting the COM Port ............................................ 117

AURORA 5800 Troubleshooting ................................. 118No Connection ....................................................................... 118

Connection Not Detected ................................................ 118

Response Time-out ......................................................... 118

Error Parameter Value ........................................................... 119

Quitting the AURORA5800 Program ........................... 119

Configuration Mode ...................................................... 120Features ................................................................................ 120

Accessing the Configuration Mode ........................................ 120

Set Frequency Values ........................................................... 123

Set Sequence Values ............................................................ 124

Transmitter Power ................................................................. 125

Model 1 Radio ................................................................. 125

Adjusting the Transmitter Power ..................................... 125

Setting the Equipment Address ............................................. 126

Selecting the Channel Settings ............................................. 126

Exiting the Configuration Mode ............................................. 127

Limitations of Model 1 and Model 2 in a Hop ............. 128Model 1 as the Target Address ............................................. 128

Model 2 as the Target Address ............................................. 128

CHAPTER 7, Troubleshooting Guideline ............................... 129Pre-installation Procedure ........................................... 129

Normal Operation ......................................................... 129

Power LED Off .............................................................. 130

ontents

TX Power Alarm ............................................................ 130

RX Data Alarm .............................................................. 130

Software Diagnosis ...................................................... 131

LOS Alarm ..................................................................... 131

LINK LED Off (10Base-T Only) .................................... 131

Interference Resolution ............................................... 132

Loopback Test for the Hop .......................................... 133

CHAPTER 8, Connecting to FarScan ..................................... 135

Introduction ................................................................... 135

Requirements ............................................................... 135

Hardware Interface ....................................................... 135Hardwire Connection ............................................................. 136

Software Interface ........................................................ 136

NE Address ................................................................... 136

Manual Commands ....................................................... 136

For More Information ................................................... 136

CHAPTER 9, Customer Service and Warranty Information . 137

Warranty and Product Support ................................... 137

Ordering Spares ........................................................... 138

Repair and Return ........................................................ 138

Module Exchange ......................................................... 139

Evaluation Fee .............................................................. 139

Unrepairable Units ........................................................ 139

Return Freight ............................................................... 140

Return Material Authorization ..................................... 140

Repair Telephone and Fax Numbers .......................... 141

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U.S.A. and Canada ................................................................ 141

Repair Service Locations ............................................. 141U.S.A. .................................................................................... 141

Canada .................................................................................. 141

Standard Product Warranty Terms ............................. 142

Limitation of Damages ................................................. 143

APPENDIX A, Transmitter and Receiver RF Filter Responses ......................................... 145

T1/E1 Diplexers ............................................................. 146

2T1/2E1 Diplexers ......................................................... 152

APPENDIX B, Typical Radio Performance Results for T1 ............................................................ 157

Transmitter RF Test ...................................................... 157Transmit RF Spectrum (FCC Part 15.247) ............................ 157

Receiver Tests .............................................................. 158Test Setup ............................................................................. 158

Receiver Sensitivity ............................................................... 159

Dispersive Fade Margin ......................................................... 160

Test Conditions ............................................................... 160

Direction A ....................................................................... 160

Direction B ....................................................................... 162

Dynamic Fading ..................................................................... 165

Sweep Notch Depth Range ............................................. 165

Sweep Notch Frequency ................................................. 165

Flat Fading ...................................................................... 166

Interference Performance ...................................................... 166

Narrowband Interference ................................................ 167

Wideband Interference .................................................... 168

FCC Part 15, Compliance Processing Gain Performance Test .................................................................. 170

ontents

Test Setup ....................................................................... 170

Jamming Margin (J/S Ratio) (for 10-5 BER) .................... 171

Jitter Transfer Function .......................................................... 174

Environmental Performance ........................................ 174Temperature Performance .................................................... 174

Direction B, Code: 2CF8 ................................................. 174

Long-Term Error Performance ........................................ 174

Power Consumption Measurement ............................ 174

APPENDIX C, Typical Radio Performance Results for E1 ............................................................ 175

Transmitter RF Test ...................................................... 175Transmit RF Spectrum .......................................................... 175




Test Conditions ............................................................... 177

Direction A ....................................................................... 177

Direction B ....................................................................... 180

Dynamic Fading ..................................................................... 182



Flat Fading ...................................................................... 182




Jitter Performance ................................................................. 186

Input Jitter Tolerance ...................................................... 186

Output Jitter ..................................................................... 186

Jitter Gain ........................................................................ 186

Jitter Transfer Characteristic ........................................... 187

Environmental Performance ........................................ 187

Aurora 5800 9

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Temperature Performance .................................................... 187



APPENDIX D, Typical Radio Performance Results for 2T1 .......................................................... 189

Transmitter RF Test ...................................................... 189Transmit RF Spectrum (FCC Part 15.247) ............................ 189




Test Conditions ............................................................... 191

Direction A ....................................................................... 192

Direction B ....................................................................... 194

Dynamic Fading ..................................................................... 196



Flat Fading ...................................................................... 196




FCC Part 15, Compliance Processing Gain Performance Test .................................................................. 200

Test Setup ....................................................................... 200

Jamming Margin (J/S Ratio) (for 10-5 BER) ................... 201

Jitter Transfer Function .......................................................... 205


Direction B, Code: 05B8 .................................................. 205



Contents

APPENDIX E, Typical Radio Performance Results for 2E1 .......................................................... 207

Transmitter RF Test ...................................................... 207Transmit RF Spectrum .......................................................... 207




Test Conditions ............................................................... 209

Direction A ....................................................................... 209

Direction B ....................................................................... 212

Dynamic Fading ..................................................................... 214



Flat Fading ...................................................................... 214




Jitter Performance ................................................................. 219

Input Jitter Tolerance ...................................................... 219

Output Jitter ..................................................................... 219

Jitter Gain ........................................................................ 219

Jitter Transfer Characteristic ........................................... 220



APPENDIX F, Forms ........................................................ 221Service Registration Form ........................................... 223

Rapid Request for Return Material Authorization (RMA) ............................................................................. 225

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Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Contents

• • • • • • List of Figures

Figure 2-1 Aurora 5800 front view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Figure 2-2 Aurora 5800 back view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Figure 2-3 DC power connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Figure 2-4 T1/E1 interface connector, RJ-48C . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Figure 2-5 10Base-T interface connector, RJ-48C . . . . . . . . 33

Figure 2-6 Alarm port, RS-232, male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Figure 2-7 CIT port, RS-232, female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Figure 2-8 DATA port, DA-15, female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Figure 2-9 PHONE, RJ-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Figure 2-10 Modem block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Figure 2-11 Modem 1, component side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Figure 2-12 Modem 2, component side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Figure 2-13 Upconverter and Power Amplifier block diagram . 49

Figure 2-14 Down Converter block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Figure 2-15 Aurora 5800 block diagram (DC operation shown) 51

Figure 3-1 Aurora 5800 T1/E1 frequency plan . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Figure 3-2 Aurora 5800 2T1/2E1 frequency plan . . . . . . . . . 55

Figure 3-3 Point-to-point configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Figure 3-4 Repeater configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Figure 4-1 Pulse mask for T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Aurora 5800 13

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Figure 4-2 Input jitter tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Figure 4-3 Jitter transfer function tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Figure 4-4 Pulse shape for E1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Figure 4-5 Input jitter tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Figure 4-6 Jitter transfer function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 4-7 Aurora 5800 LED indicators and test jacks . . . . . 71

Figure 5-1 Aurora 5800 2T1/2E1 Channel Plan . . . . . . . . . . 80

Figure 5-2 Aurora 5800 T1/E1 Channel Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Figure 5-3 Roof mounting with building blockage . . . . . . . . . 84

Figure 5-4 Tower mounting with no blockage . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Figure 5-5 Antenna height chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Figure 5-6 Loopback bench test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Figure 5-7 Loopback test setup before putting radio into service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Figure 6-1 AURORA5800 dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Figure 6-2 AURORA5800 dialog box with callouts . . . . . . . 108

Figure 6-3 Aurora icon box list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Figure 6-4 Configuration dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Figure 6-5 CIT Configuration dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Figure 6-6 Configuration dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Figure 6-7 Configuration Mode list box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Figure 6-8 Change Mode dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Figure 6-9 Change Password dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Figure 6-10 Configuration Mode dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Figure 6-11 Set Rx Frequency dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Figure 6-12 Set Rx Sequence dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Figure 6-13 Tx Power Settings dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Figure 6-14 Set Equipment Address dialog box . . . . . . . . . . 126

Figure 6-15 Channel 1 Settings dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

List of Figures

Figure 6-16 Model 1 and Model 2 in a hop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Figure 6-17 Model 2 and Model 1 in a hop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Figure 7-1 Loopback test setup before putting radio into service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Figure A-1 Filter with center frequency of 5.735 GHz . . . . . 146



Figure A-4 Filter with center frequency of 5.8 GHz . . . . . . . 149

Figure A-5 Filter with center frequency of 5.82 GHz . . . . . . 150

Figure A-6 Filter with center frequency of 5.84 GHz . . . . . . 151





Figure B-1 Transmit RF spectrum for T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Figure B-2 Receiver test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Figure B-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 161

Figure B-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 162

Figure B-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 163

Figure B-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 164

Figure B-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Figure B-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Figure B-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 1F35) . . . . . . . 168

Figure B-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 1F35, Direction B: 3F0C) . . . . . . . . 168

Figure B-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

Aurora 5800 15

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Figure B-12 Processing gain test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Figure B-13 Jitter transfer (DS1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Figure C-1 Transmit RF spectrum for E1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

Figure C-2 Receiver test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Figure C-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 179

Figure C-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 179

Figure C-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 181

Figure C-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 181

Figure C-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

Figure C-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Figure C-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 05B8) . . . . . . . 184

Figure C-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 05B8, Direction B: 0247) . . . . . . . . 185

Figure C-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Figure D-1 Transmit RF spectrum for 2T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Figure D-2 Receiver test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Figure D-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 193

Figure D-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 193

Figure D-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 195

Figure D-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 195

Figure D-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

Figure D-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

Figure D-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 05B8) . . . . . . . 199

List of Figures

Figure D-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 05B8, Direction B: 3F0C) . . . . . . . 199

Figure D-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Figure D-12 Processing gain test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Figure D-13 Jitter transfer (DS1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Figure E-1 Transmit RF spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Figure E-2 Receiver test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Figure E-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 211

Figure E-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A . . . . . . . . . . 211

Figure E-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 213

Figure E-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B . . . . . . . . . . 213

Figure E-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Figure E-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

Figure E-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 05B8) . . . . . . . 217

Figure E-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 05B8, Direction B: 0247) . . . . . . . . 217

Figure E-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

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List of Figures

• • • • • • List of Tables

Table 2-1 Aurora 5800 front panel information . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Table 2-2 T1/E1 interface connector, RJ-48C, pinout specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Table 2-3 10Base-T interface connector, RJ-48C, pinout specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Table 2-4 Alarm port pinout specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Table 2-5 CIT port pinout specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Table 2-6 DATA port, DA-15, pinout specification . . . . . . . . 36

Table 2-7 Low-speed data characteristic (RS-232) . . . . . . . 36

Table 2-8 PHONE, RJ-11, pinout specification . . . . . . . . . . 37

Table 2-9 Modem jumper settings, Model 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Table 2-10 Other jumper settings, Model 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Table 2-11 SW1 and SW2 positions, Model 1 (for T1/E1 or 2T1/2E1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Table 2-12 SW1 and SW2 positions, options, Model 1 . . . . . 44

Table 2-13 Modem jumper settings, Model 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Table 2-14 Other jumper settings, Model 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Table 2-15 SW1 and SW2 positions, Model 2 (for T1/E1 or 2T1/2E1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Table 2-16 SW1 and SW2 positions, options, Model 2 . . . . . 48

Table 4-1 10Base-T specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Aurora 5800 19

• • • •••

20

• • • •••

Table 4-2 Front-panel ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Table 4-3 Front-panel LED indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Table 4-4 Front-panel test jacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Table 5-1 LDF4-50A cable parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Table 5-2 Examples of maximum free-space path distance 94

Table 5-3 Typical RSSI voltage versus receiver input level 103

Table 6-1 Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Table B-1 Direction A, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Table B-2 Direction A, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Table B-3 Direction B, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Table B-4 Direction B, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Table B-5 Sweep notch depth range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Table B-6 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Table B-7 Jamming margin (J/S ratio) (for 10-5 BER) for T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Table C-1 Receiver sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Table C-2 Direction A, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Table C-3 Direction A, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Table C-4 Direction B, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Table C-5 Direction B, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Table C-6 Sweep notch depth range for ultimate error-free region (elapse time: 0.1 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Table C-7 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Table C-8 Test results, input jitter tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Table C-9 Test results, jitter transfer characteristic . . . . . . 187

Table D-1 Receiver sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

List of Tables

Table D-2 Direction A, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Table D-3 Direction A, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Table D-4 Direction B, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Table D-5 Direction B, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Table D-6 Sweep notch depth range for ultimate error-free region (elapse time: 0.1 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

Table D-7 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

Table D-8 Jamming margin (J/S ratio) (for 10-5 BER) for 2T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

Table E-1 Receiver sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Table E-2 Direction A, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Table E-3 Direction A, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Table E-4 Direction B, minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Table E-5 Direction B, non-minimum phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Table E-6 Sweep notch depth range for ultimate error-free region (elapse time: 0.1 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Table E-7 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Table E-8 Test results, input jitter tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

Table E-9 Test results, jitter transfer characteristic . . . . . . 220

Aurora 5800 21

• • • •••

22

• • • •••


List of Tables

• • • • • •Customer Support

Refer to Chapter 9 for detailed information on Customer Support.

Caveat

Aurora 5800 contains no user-serviceable or replaceable parts. If the radio fails, return the entire unit to Harris.

Do not attempt to change switch settings reserved for factory use (as indicated in the manual), or repair or replace internal components. To do so will invalidate the warranty.

Aurora 5800 23

• • • •••

24

• • • •••

Repair and Return

If you require module repair service, call the Customer Service Center and first request a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number. This request ensures that the repair will be done in a timely manner and prevents any delays caused by incomplete or missing information.

Please provide the following information when you call (or fax):

• Your name, company, and telephone number (fax number)

• Product Code Number (P/C:) and Serial Number (see label on the back of the radio, Figure 2-2)

Example of a Product Code: RA205AAS1A1

• Purchase Order Number

• Billing and shipping addresses

• Any special return packing or shipping instructions

• Any special customs clearance information required

Service Center Locations

The Customer Service Center locations and telephone numbers:

U.S.A.

Canada

Harris Microwave Communications DivisionAttn: Customer Service, RMA #_ _ _ _ _5727 Farinon DriveSan Antonio, TX 78249

Harris Microwave Communications DivisionAttn: Customer Service, RMA #_ _ _ _ _3, Hotel de VilleDollard-des-Ormeaux, QuebecCANADA H9B 3G4

Customer Support

Telephone and Fax Numbers

Technical Support

Technical Assistance Center (TAC)

If you are experiencing a traffic-affecting or traffic-threatening situation, technical assistance is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, including holidays. If you call the Technical Assistance Center during nonbusiness hours, a Product Support Engineer will return your call within 30 minutes.

Please provide the following information when you call.

• Your name, company, and telephone number.

• Equipment type, product code number (P/C:), and serial number (see the label on the back of the radio, Figure 2-2).

Example of a Product Code: RA205AAS1A1

• Detailed description of the problem.

• Temporary and emergency situation.

Business Hours

Normal business hours for the Technical Assistance Center:

0630 to 1700 (Pacific Time)Monday through Friday

Telephone Numbers

Technical support telephone numbers:

Inside the U.S.A. 1-800-227-8332Inside Canada 1-800-465-4654Worldwide (+1) 650-594-3800

Tel:1-800-227-8332 (U.S.A.)1-800-465-4654 (Canada)(+1) 514-421-8333

Fax:(+1) 514-421-3555

Aurora 5800 25

• • • •••

26

• • • •••

Fax Number

Technical support fax number:

U.S.A. (+1) 650-594-3621Canada (+1) 514-685-4580

Internet

E-mail: [email protected] Wide Web: http://www.microwave.harris.com/cservice

Customer Support

Chapter 1

• • • • • • Introduction

Aurora 5800 Overview

The Aurora 5800 is a spread-spectrum, digital microwave radio that operates in the 5.725 to 5.85 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency band. It provides wireless interconnection for

• Private wireless access

• Internet service access

• LAN/WAN remote bridging

• Cellular mobile service

• PCS/PCN

An optional 10Base-T connection (replaces a telephony interface) provides a Level-2 LAN bridge for networks of up to 10,000 MAC (medium access control) addresses.

The Aurora radio offers deployment of standard T1 (DSX-1) or E1 (CEPT-1), 2 × T1 or 2 × E1, and 10Base-T wireless service with a typical distance from 1 to over 24 km (15 miles) with 28.5 dBi, flat-panel antenna and over much longer distances with larger parabolic antenna and in favorable geoclimatic regions. It provides reliable, full-duplex, digital communication between two sites with line-of-sight clearance.

Additionally, the Aurora 5800 features a voice/data orderwire and a network management systems channel. The network management systems channel provides a SCAN channel to integrate into Harris’ FarScan element manager or an SNMP-based interface to integrate into an SNMP manager.

Aurora 5800 27

• • • •••

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• • • •••

A built-in Craft Interface Tool (CIT) user interface is provided for local and remote radio monitoring and control.

The Aurora uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) processing that reduces the transmitted power density and the potential for interference into neighboring communication systems.

The Aurora can be used in point-to-point and repeater configurations. In the repeater configuration, the radios serve as links between sites that are beyond each other’s range or whose paths are obstructed.

This radio supports either indoor or outdoor environment. It is a compact lightweight radio that requires only one rack-mounting space for a rack or table-top placement in an indoor environment. One open rack-mounting space (1 RMS) is required above the radio and one space below the radio. For placement outdoors, this radio can be installed in an outdoor cabinet.

Aurora 5800 links operate license-exempt on a “no-interference, nonprotection” basis in the U.S.A., and in many countries and regions worldwide with no EIRP (antenna gain and so forth) restriction.

Related Publications

Aurora 5800 Installation Guide

Aurora 5800 Troubleshooting Guide

FarScan for Windows Instruction Manual

hapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2

• • • • • • Product Description

Physical Description

Front View

Figure 2-1 Aurora 5800 front view

Table 2-1 Aurora 5800 front panel information

3 5 6 7 8 9 12

13

14 15 16 17 181 2

4

10

11

Call-out Label DescriptionAdditional Information

1 ON/OFF Power switch

2 RX Green LED, 10Base-T only page 70

3 T1/E1 #1, 10Base-T

UTP/RJ-48C, E1/T1/10Base-T interface

Table 2-2Table 2-3

4 LINK Green LED, 10Base-T only page 70

Aurora 5800 29

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30 C

• • • •••

5 E1 #1 TX Coax/BNC E1 interface Use 75-ohm cable

6 E1 #1 RX Coax/BNC E1 interface Use 75-ohm cable

7 T1/E1 #2 UTP/RJ-48C, E1/T1 interface Table 2-2

8 E1 #2 TX Coax/BNC E1 interface Use 75-ohm cable

9 E1 #2 RX Coax/BNC E1 interface Use 75-ohm cable

10 PWR Power indicator LED

11 TX ALM Transmitter power alarm, red LED, active high

12 RX ALM Receiver sync alarm, red LED, active high

13 RSSI Receiver Signal Strength Indicator: yellow test jack.4.8 Vdc to 0 Vdc corresponds to receiver input level of approximately−20 dBm to −90 dBm.

Table 5-3

14 GND Ground test jack, black

15 ALM PORT RS-232, 9-pin, DE-9 male, TX and RX alarms by solid-state relays

Table 2-4

16 CIT RS-232, 9-pin, DE-9, female, craft interface terminal port

Table 2-5

17 DATA, RS-232 DA-15, female, asynchronous data port

Table 2-6

18 PHONE 2-wire, RJ-11, voice orderwire port Table 2-8

Call-out Label DescriptionAdditional Information

hapter 2 Product Description

Back View

Connectors

Figure 2-2 shows the Aurora radio’s back panel with an N-type antenna connector and an AC power connector. The standard input power connector is an AC connector. Optionally, if DC power is required, an input battery power connector block (Figure 2-3) replaces the AC power connector.

Figure 2-2 Aurora 5800 back view

DC Power Connector

Figure 2-3 DC power connector

Technical-information label

N-type antenna connector

AC power connector Product code number

Customer-service label

Serial number

Connect to site ground.DO NOT connect to electric utility ground.

!

Battery21 TO 60 Vdc

positive or negative ground

BATT

Copper wire only:Minimum: 20 AWG (0.813 mm)Maximum: 14 AWG (1.63 mm)

Install a circuit breaker or fuse.

!Use a DVM before connecting to confirm polarity.

Fuse:48V = 2A24V = 4A

FUSE

Ground wire

Aurora 5800 31

• • • •••

32 C

• • • •••

Labels

Figure 2-2 also shows an example of the two labels attached to the back panel, a technical-information label and a customer-service label. The technical-information label contains information such as technical data, serial number, and product code number.

Radio Front-Panel Connectors

T1/E1 Interface Connector

An RJ-45 connector is provided on the front panel of the radio for this line interface. The connection follows FCC Section 68.104(c) specified RJ-48C standard. The pinout specification is shown in Table 2-2.

Figure 2-4 T1/E1 interface connector, RJ-48C

Table 2-2 T1/E1 interface connector, RJ-48C, pinout specification

Pin Signal Function

1 TX RING(Tx) input to the radio

2 TX TIP

3, 6 Not used

4 RX RING(Rx) output from the radio

5 RX TIP

7, 8 GND Ground

GN

DG

ND

NC

RX

TIP

RX

RIN

GN

CT

X T

IPT

X R

ING

PP

8 6 5 4 3 2 17

Input to radio

Outputfrom radio

T1 = 100 ohmsE1 = 120 ohms


10Base-T Interface Connector

An RJ-45 connector is provided on the front panel of the radio for this interface. The pinout specification is shown in Table 2-3.

Figure 2-5 10Base-T interface connector, RJ-48C

Table 2-3 10Base-T interface connector, RJ-48C, pinout specification

Unbalanced E1 Interface

A pair of BNC connectors are provided on the front panel of the radio for this line interface, one for transmit data and the other for receive data. Use 75-ohm coaxial cables for these connections.

Pin Signal Function

1 TXD+ Transmitter input data (that will be modulated into a 140 MHz signal for transmission)2 TXD-

3 RXD+ Receiver output data (after demodulation)

4, 5 Not used

6 RXD- Receiver output data (after demodulation)

7,8 GND Ground

GN

DG

ND

RX

D-

NC

NC

RX

D+

TX

D-

TX

D+

8 6 5 4 3 2 17

Aurora 5800 33

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• • • •••

Alarm Port

Solid-state relay contacts are provided for the TX power alarm and RX signal alarm. Interface to third-party element manager system is through these contacts.�The specification for the relays are listed in Table 2-4.

Figure 2-6 Alarm port, RS-232, male

Table 2-4 Alarm port pinout specification

Pin Signal FunctionAlarm Port

(when in alarm)

Model 1 Model 2a

a. 10Base-T

Model 1 Model 2*

1 K1_P K1_P TX alarm relay COM — —

2 K1_NO K1_NC TX alarm relay close open

3 — — No connection — —

4 K2_P K2_P RX alarm relay COM — —

5 K2_NO K2_NC RX alarm relay close open

6 K1_NC K1_NO TX alarm relay open close



9 K2_NC K2_NO RX alarm relay open close

1

6

2

7

3

8

4

9

52


CIT Port

Figure 2-7 CIT port, RS-232, female

Table 2-5 CIT port pinout specification

Pin Signal Function

1 No connection

2 TXD (out) Transmit data, RS-232

3 RXD (in) Receive data, RS-232

4 No connection

5 GND

6 to 9 No connection

1

6

2

7

3

8

4

9

52

Aurora 5800 35

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• • • •••

DATA Port

Figure 2-8 DATA port, DA-15, female

Table 2-6 DATA port, DA-15, pinout specification

Table 2-7 Low-speed data characteristic (RS-232)

Pin Signal Function

1 No connection

2 RS232_TX Transmit data (out)

3 RS232_RX Receive data (in)


7 GND


Characteristic Value

Input low level 0.8 volt, maximum

Input high level 3.6 volts, minimum

Output low level with 7 kohm load

−5 volts, minimum; −11 volts, maximum

Output high level with 7 kohm load

+5 volts, minimum; +11 volts, maximum

Sampling data rateT1/E1: DC to 2400 b/s2T1/E1: DC to 4800 b/s

15%, maximum distortion15%, maximum distortion

8

1415

7 6

13 12 1011

5 4 3 2

9

1


PHONE

Figure 2-9 PHONE, RJ-11

Table 2-8 PHONE, RJ-11, pinout specification

Pin Signal Function

1 No connection

2 RING Receive from handset

3 TIP Transmit from handset

4 No connection

Harris recommends phones with electronic ringers.

NO

T U

SE

DN

CR

ING

TIP

NC

NO

T U

SE

D

2 3 41

P

Aurora 5800 37

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• • • •••

Hardware Assemblies

The Aurora 5800 radio contains 7 hardware assemblies:

• Modem (page 38)

• Upconverter (page 49)

• TX Power Amplifier (page 49)

• RX Low-Noise Amplifier (page 49)

• Down Converter (page 49)

• Antenna Diplexer (page 50)

• Power Supply

Customer-interface software is included for field-specific programming and diagnostics. This software utility is accessed through the CIT port.

Modem

Description

The Modem comprises a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) baseband processing section, an I/Q modulator, an IF AGC amplifier with an I/Q demodulator, and a CAN microcontroller section. Figure 2-10 shows the Modem block diagram.

Transmit Direction

In the transmit direction, the modulator takes the incoming one-channel 10Base-T or T1/E1 data or two-channel T1/E1 data and converts the data to an NRZ data by the T1/E1 line interface circuit or by the 10Base-T bridge daughter board. The line interface circuit also recovers the bit rate clock (1.544 MHz or 2.048 MHz) from the input tributary and then multiplexes it with the Master Clock (MCLK) of the DSSS processor.

With no T1 or E1 input signal, the line interface circuit generates a clock. This clock is used to clock the data from the 10Base-T bridge daughter board into the DSSS processor.


Aurora 5800

39

• • • •••

Figure 2-10M

odem block diagram

/Q MODULATOR

IF OUT140 MHz

IF LEVELCONTROL

ATOR

IF IN140 MHz

SAW BPF140 MHz

Rx Tip

Rx Ring

Tx Tip

Tx Ring

DSSS BASEBAND PROCESSORRxDATA1

RxCLK1

TxDATA

TxCLK

TxDATA1

TxCLK1

RxDATA

RxCLK

TxPORT

DQPSKMOD SPREAD

DE- A/D

A/D

TIMINGGENERATOR

TESTPORT

SERIAL

RxPORT SPREAD

MASTERCLOCK

0°90°

I

LO

0°90°

I/Q DEMODUL

AGCDET

Rx SYNTHESIZER CONTROL

Tx SYNTHESIZER CONTROL

TX_CITTxD

RX_CITRxDCAN

MICROCONTROLLERRS-232INTERFACE

RS-232TO/FROM PC

÷2

÷2

DQPSKDEMOD

CONTROLINTERFACE

FPGAMUX/DEMUX

RxDATA2

RxCLK2

RxCLK1

TxDATA2

TxCLK2

280 MHzRx Tip

Rx Ring

Tx Tip

Tx Ring

T1/E1LINE

T1/E1LINE

INTERFACE

Tx

RxDA-15

INTERFACE

Tip

RingRJ-11

INTERFACETO/FROM

PHONE

TO/FROM PC OR DATA TERMINA

T1/E1/10Base-TLINE T1/E1/

10Base-TLINE

INTERFAC

40 C

• • • •••

The voice orderwire samples the analog voice signal from the telephone handset and compresses it to 16 kbit/s. It contains a RING generator that rings when the remote radio handset is OFFHOOK. When the handset is ONHOOK, the channel serves as a general-purpose, asynchronous, data-communications channel.

The DATA port serves as an asynchronous data service channel that provides a 2400 bit/s or 4800 bit/s communication link.

An asynchronous RS-232 (CIT) port provides a 9600 bit/s communication link for local and remote radio configuration and monitoring.

The T1/E1 tributary, the voice orderwire channel, and the DA-15 and the RS-232 data service channels are multiplexed to form an aggregate rate of 1.664 Mbit/s, 2.176 Mbit/s, 3.208 Mbit/s, and 4.224 Mbit/s for T1, E1, 2T1, and 2E1, respectively, which is then inputted into the baseband processor.

The baseband processor performs scrambling, differential encoding, I and Q symbol generation, and spreading. For DQPSK operation, the input data is demultiplexed to become I and Q output symbols, and spread by a PN code. The PN code is user-programmable: 15 chips for T1 rate data, and 11 chips for E1, 2T1, and 2E1 rate data. Hence, the chip rate (fchip) is 12.48 Mchip/s for T1 rate, 11.968 Mchip/s for E1 rate, 17.644 Mchip/s for 2T1 rate, and 23.232 Mchip/s for 2E1 rate.

The I and Q outputs from the baseband processor are inputted to the I/Q modulator. The I and Q signals then modulate an IF carrier signal to generate a 140 MHz IF DQPSK signal.

Receive Direction

The received 140 MHz IF signal is first passed through a SAW bandpass filter, then inputted to the I/Q demodulator. The IF signal is then demodulated into I and Q signals. The demodulator, together with a front-end AGC amplifier, provides a total of 70 dB of AGC. The demodulated I and Q baseband signals are then outputted to the baseband processor.

The baseband processor contains two 3-bit A/Ds, carrier and symbol synchronization and tracking, despreading, differential decoding, and descrambling. The quantized I and Q signals pass to a pair of 16-tap


matched filters for calculating the signal correlation with the PN sequence. The output goes through a carrier phase rotation and acquisition process. The baseband processor also includes a frequency loop that tracks and removes the carrier frequency offset.

The PN correlator uses two samples per chip and despreads the chip rate back to the original data rate. This process provides 10.4 dB of processing gain for 11 chips per bit or 11.76 dB for 15 chips per bit. The correlator output pulse is further tracked by a symbol timing loop performing bit synchronization. The frequency and phase of the signal are corrected from an NCO that is driven by the phase-locked loop (PLL).

Demodulation of the signal in the early stages of acquisition is done by delay and subtraction of the phase samples. Once PLL tracking of the carrier is established, the PLL switches to a narrower loop, which achieves a better BER performance margin during the rest of demodulation. The demodulated signal is further differentially decoded and descrambled, then demultiplexed to recover the T1/E1 line interface or the 10Base-T circuit, the 2T1/2E1 tributary, the data service channel, the asynchronous RS-232 (CIT) interface data, and the voice orderwire.

CAN Microcontroller

The radio uses a CAN microcontroller to provide system configuration, including baseband processor, ADPCM codec, RF transmit and receive frequency synthesizer initialization, control, and monitoring. The system default configuration is initially built-in. By using the radio’s RS-232 interface, the customer can use the Microsoft Windows-based Aurora 5800 software to reconfigure the baseband processor, and the transmit and receive synthesizers. The new configuration can be downloaded into the radio and stored in the controller EEPROM.

Aurora 5800 41

• • • •••

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• • • •••

Settings for System Configurations

Model 1

Figure 2-11 Modem 1, component side

Do not change any of the settings marked “factory use only” in the following tables. Doing so may invalidate the warranty.

SW2SW1

JP3

JP4

JP12JP15

JP2

JP1

JP5

JP10

JP16

JP11

JP14

JP18

JP20JP17

JP19

JP6

JP8

JP13

JP9

JP7

2T1/2E1 RADIO MODEM

NMK LGHI J

E F

C DA B


Jumper Settings

Table 2-9 Modem jumper settings, Model 1

* For options -003 and -004 only.

Table 2-10 Other jumper settings, Model 1

Channel 1 Channel 2*

Option System ConfigurationJP1 to

JP4JP15 JP5

JP10 to JP12 JP16

-001 T1 rate, balanced OFFA ONB OFF

Not applicable

Not applicable

-002

E1 rate, 120 ohms, balanced

OFFA ONB OFF

E1 rate, 75 ohms, unbalanced

ONA OFFB ON

-003 2T1 rate, balanced OFFA ONB OFF

OFFC OND OFF

-004

2E1 rate, 120 ohms, balanced

OFFA ONB OFF

OFFC OND OFF

2E1 rate, 75 ohms, unbalanced

ONA OFFB ON

ONC OFFD ON

Jumper Setting

JP6 to JP9 ON (normal operation); OFF (factory use only)

JP13 ON (normal operation); OFF (factory use only)

JP14 E (normal operation); F (factory use only)

JP17 G (normal operation); H (CAN controller in-circuit programming)

JP18 I (normal operation); J (factory use only)

JP19 K (normal operation); L (CAN controller in-circuit programming)

JP20 M (normal operation); N (CAN controller in-circuit programming)

Aurora 5800 43

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• • • •••

DIP Switch Settings

Table 2-11 SW1 and SW2 positions, Model 1 (for T1/E1 or 2T1/2E1)

Close = ON; Open = OFF

Table 2-12 SW1 and SW2 positions, options, Model 1


Position Device AMI B8ZS HDB3 Comment

1 Encoder OFF ON ON

2 Default ON ON ON OFF (factory use only)

3 Decoder OFF ON ON



6

See Table 2-12.7

8

PositionOption Selected Application

6 7 8

ON OFF OFF 0 to 133 feet

T1

OFF ON ON 133 to 266 feet

OFF ON OFF 266 to 399 feet

OFF OFF ON 399 to 533 feet

OFF OFF OFF 533 to 655 feet

ON ON ON 75 ohm and 120 ohm E1


Model 2

Figure 2-12 Modem 2, component side

SW2SW1

JP12

JP5

JP10

JP11

JP14

JP18

JP20JP17

JP19

JP6

JP8

JP13

JP9

JP7

2T1/2E1 RADIO MODEM

NMK LGHI J

E F

P10P11

1 1

Aurora 5800 45

• • • •••

46 C

• • • •••

Strap Installation

Table 2-13 Modem jumper settings, Model 2

* For options -003 and -004 only.

Channel 1 Channel 2*

Option System Configuration P10 P11JP5JP10 to 12

-001 T1 rate, balanced

Not applicable

-002

E1 rate, 120 ohms, balanced

E1 rate, 75 ohms, unbalanced

-003 2T1 rate, balanced Not installed

-004

2E1 rate, 120 ohms, balanced Not installed

2E1 rate, 75 ohms, unbalanced Installed

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1


Other Jumper Settings

Table 2-14 Other jumper settings, Model 2

DIP Switch Settings

Table 2-15 SW1 and SW2 positions, Model 2 (for T1/E1 or 2T1/2E1)


Jumper Setting

JP6 to JP9 ON (normal operation); OFF (factory use only)

JP13 ON (normal operation); OFF (factory use only)

JP14 E (normal operation); F (factory use only)

JP17 G (normal operation); H (CAN controller in-circuit programming)

JP18 I (normal operation); J (factory use only)

JP19 K (normal operation); L (CAN controller in-circuit programming)

JP20 M (normal operation); N (CAN controller in-circuit programming)

Position Device AMI B8ZS HDB3 Comment

1 Encoder OFF ON ON


3 Decoder OFF ON ON



6

See Table 2-16.7

8

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Table 2-16 SW1 and SW2 positions, options, Model 2


PositionOption Selected Application

6 7 8

ON OFF OFF 0 to 133 feet

T1

OFF ON ON 133 to 266 feet

OFF ON OFF 266 to 399 feet

OFF OFF ON 399 to 533 feet

OFF OFF OFF 533 to 655 feet

ON ON ON 75 ohm and 120 ohm E1


Upconverter and Power Amplifier

The Upconverter receives the 140 MHz IF signal from the modem. The signal passes into the variable gain amplifier (VGA) section that provides about 10 dB ALC range. The IF signal is then mixed with the LO signal that is generated from the transmit synthesizer. The RF bandpass filter section at the output is centered at f0 5.7875 GHz with passband BW of 125 MHz and a minimum rejection ratio of 40 dBc at f0 ± 232.5 MHz.

The filtered upper sideband RF signal then passes into the RF intermediate power amplifier (PA) to generate a linear power up to about 0 dBm level. The ALC function keeps the transmit PA at a constant output power level across the operating temperature range. The PA provides about 23 dB gain and generates up to about +23 dBm maximum output level.

Figure 2-13 Upconverter and Power Amplifier block diagram

Down Converter and Low-Noise Amplifier

The incoming RF signal from the Antenna Coupling Unit (ACU) is amplified by a Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) and then passes into the Down Converter (Figure 2-14). The signal is amplified and then mixed with the LO signal to down-convert it to a 140 MHz IF signal.

UPCONVERTER

FROM MODEM

ALC OUT

TCXO

140 MHz IFFROMMODEM

½ DIPLEXER

FREQUENCYSYNTHESIZER

TX SYNTHESIZER CONTROL

TOANTENNA

PWR AMPL

TO MODEM(Detector voltage)

FROMCANCONTROLLER

VCO

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Figure 2-14 Down Converter block diagram

Nominal Frequencies

The nominal frequencies of the Upconverter and Down Converter LO synthesizers are set at the factory.

Antenna Diplexer

The antenna diplexer consists of two cavity-type filters. The transmit-section insertion loss and the receive-section insertion loss are both less than 3 dB. The return loss is typically better than 16 dB. The diplexer provides more than 80 dB isolation between the transmit and receive sections. This isolation prevents the receiver LNA from being overloaded by transmitter power leakage.

Aurora 5800 Block Diagram

Figure 2-15 is a block diagram of the Aurora 5800 radio.

FROMCANCONTROLLER

TCXO

FREQUENCYSYNTHESIZER

VCO

RX SYNTHESIZER CONTROL

LNADOWN CONVERTER

AGC CONTROLFROM MODEM

TO RX RF/IF MODULE

½ DIPLEXER

FROM Figure 2-13140 MHz IF

TO RADIOMODEM


Figure 2-15 Aurora 5800 block diagram (DC operation shown)

Pow

erS

uppl

yD

C/D

C

6

P2

P3

LNA

P4

P1

1/2

Up/

Dow

n C

onve

rter

1/2

T1

Mod

em

Pow

er A

mpl

ifier

1/2

Up/

Dow

n C

onve

rter

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Chapter 3

• • • • • • System Description

Aurora Modulation Scheme

Introduction

A digital microwave radio employs a quadrature modulation scheme like QPSK, QAM, or TCM to reduce its RF bandwidth to accommodate the assigned RF channel’s bandwidth. Even though the Aurora 5800 is a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) radio, it uses QPSK modulation before and after the spreading/despreading process.

Aurora 5800 radio’s QPSK modulator/demodulator is resident in the Intersil PRISM chipset. One purpose of a QPSK modulator/demodulator is to provide an I/Q demodulator in the receiver, that is to convert the 140 MHz IF signal into its two I and Q baseband signals. These signals are 90 degrees apart, each phase-modulated by the data and kept separate to prevent intersymbol interference, which degrades the error performance of the link.

Acquisition Time

In order for the demodulator to separate out the I and Q signals, it first phase-locks onto the incoming 140 MHz IF signal. This demodulation is noncoherent; so no VCO loop is required for lock-on. The total demodulation process includes carrier and symbol synchronization and tracking, despreading (by comparing it with the PN code), differential coding, and descrambling for delivery to the demultiplexer to recover the E1 or 2E1 data.

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It is primarily this phase-lock time, but also some processing time, that contributes to the Aurora 5800 receiver’s 50 ms maximum acquisition time.

In short, the Aurora 5800 radio’s acquisition time is that time that it takes the receiver to recover (lock to) the IF carrier, despread the DSSS signal, demodulate the QPSK signal, and then demultiplex the I and Q baseband signals into a valid E1 data output signal.

Coexistence with Other Radio Links

The Aurora can coexist with other similar radio links in the vicinity. Operation with other links can be achieved through the use of different spreading codes, frequencies, “building blockage”, and antenna pattern and polarization separation. In congested urban areas, Harris recommends the use of a larger, more directional antenna; the narrower beam width allows less interference into the receiving Aurora and lowers interference levels into other radios in the vicinity.

Aurora Frequency Plans

The Aurora has one standard frequency plan available for T1/E1 and one plan available for 2T1/2E1. Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 illustrate these plans.

In Figure 3-2, 2T1/2E1 plan, the “A” frequency pair uses the first and third frequencies shown. One site transmits on A1 and receives on A2. The site at the opposite end of the link transmits on A2 and receives on A1. The “B” frequency pair uses the second and fourth frequencies shown in the illustration. One of the two pairs may work better than the other in a particular area based on the nature of the interference.

hapter 3 System Description

Figure 3-1 Aurora 5800 T1/E1 frequency plan

Figure 3-2 Aurora 5800 2T1/2E1 frequency plan

Spread Sequence Pseudo-random Number (PN) Selection

The Aurora radio can be configured with different spread sequence codes. The use of different codes on nearby Aurora 5800 co-channel links ensures interlink privacy. However, the assignment of different codes to adjacent or nearby links does not lower interference levels. Co-channel interference may degrade receiver thresholds and thus reducing fade margins, which increases multipath outages in Aurora links, but usually not beyond the link’s outage objective.

The Aurora 5800 has four preset PN spread sequence codes. Every unit shipped to a customer contains a default code.

A1 B1 A2 B2

5725

“A” Frequency Pair “B” Frequency Pair

C1 C2

MHz5735 5755 5775 5800 5820 5840 5850

“C” Frequency Pair

A1 B1 A2 B2

5725

“A” Frequency Pair “B” Frequency Pair

MHz5741 5772 5803 5834 5850

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Aurora 5800 Radio Configurations

Point-to-Point Configuration

In a point-to-point configuration, two radios communicate only with each other. Either or both of the radios may be mobile, as long as they remain within each other’s range. Figure 3-3 shows a typical point-to-point radio setup.

Figure 3-3 Point-to-point configuration

Aurora 5800Digital Radio


RF Path

Directionalantenna

Directionalantenna

User EquipmentT1/E1 Multiplexer

PBX Computer


PBXComputer

Computer

Videoconference

Directional

T1/E1 access

Videoconference

Computer

T1/E1 access

Antenna coax cable

Antenna coaxcable


Repeater Configuration

A repeater extends the maximum communication range beyond that of a single hop. In this configuration, two additional radios are installed between the terminal radios in the hop. Each of these intermediate radios faces one of the terminal radios in the hop. A transmission from one end of the hop is received by the repeater radio facing it, is passed on to the other radio in the repeater, and then relayed to the far-end radio. Figure 3-4 illustrates this configuration.

Besides Aurora 5800 “active repeaters”, other 5.8 GHz repeater options are available, including “passive reflectors” and “beam benders” (back-to-back antennas) if one RF path is very short, and solar-powered “RF” repeaters.

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Figure 3-4 Repeater configuration



RF Path

antennaDirectional

antenna


PBX Computer


PBXComputer

Computer

Videoconference

Directional

T1/E1 access

Videoconference

Computer

T1/E1 access

Aurora 5800Repeater

RF Path

Antenna coax cable

Antenna coaxcable

* *

* Telephone function is for one hop only. Signal will not pass through the repeater configuration.

For repeater configurations, make sure there is enough frequency separation on the two transmitting channels. Use different antenna directions, polarization, and channel frequencies to achieve this separation.


Chapter 4

• • • • • • Technical Specifications

Features• 5.725 to 5.85 GHz ISM bands

• Point-to-point, line-of-sight up to 15 miles (24 km) with standard 28-dBi, flat-panel antenna, longer paths with parabolic antenna

• Full frequency duplex operation

• Standard T1 (DSX-1) or E1 (CEPT-1), 2 × T1 or 2 × E1, and 10Base-T interfaces

• Typical RF power output, +18.5 dBm (software-adjustable to +10 dBm, minimum)

• Direct sequence spread spectrum coding and DQPSK modulation

• −88 dBm (T1/E1) and −86 dBm (2 × T1/2 × E1) typical receiver threshold at BER = 10-6 (Note: factory settings only)

• Synthesized transmitter and receiver frequencies

• Three frequency-channel plans for T1/E1 and two frequency-channel plans for 2T1/2E1

• Digital voice orderwire and data wayside traffic

• Craft Interface Tool (CIT) interface for local and remote radio monitoring and control

• Supports repeater configuration

• SNMP network management with external proxy agent

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Performance (One Hop)

System Gain (at BER = 10-3)

Frequency Plan (Standard)

Acquisition Time

≤ 50 ms

Transmission Delay

Radio only: 50 µs, maximum

Dispersive Fade Margin

Better than 60 dB at BER ≤ 1 × 10-3

MTBF

38,024 hours

Carrier Designator

Value

T1/E1 109 dB, typical

2T1/2E1 107 dB, typical

Carrier Designator

Frequency Pair

Band(GHz)

T1/E1

A 5.735 5.800

B 5.755 5.820

C 5.775 5.840

2T1/2E1A 5.741 5.803

B 5.772 5.834

hapter 4 Technical Specifications

Transmitter

Specifications

PN Code and Chip Rate

Barker or Modified Barker Codes:


Power output +18.5 dBm, maximum (+10 dBm minimum)software-adjustable

Power density < +8 dBm/3 kHz

Spurious/Harmonics < − 60 dBc

Frequency range 5.725 to 5.85 GHz

Frequency stability Within ± 20 kHz

Frequency selection Synthesizer default value stored in MCU, and software-selectable

Increments 500 kHz

IF frequency 140 MHz

Modulation Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, DQPSK

Data Rate Chip Rate

T1 (Aggr. 1.664 Mb/s) or 10Base-T 15 chips/bit, 12.48 Mcp/s

E1 (Aggr. 2.176 Mb/s) or 10Base-T 11 chips/bit, 11.968 Mcp/s

2T1 (Aggr. 3.208 Mb/s) 11 chips/bit, 17.644 Mcp/s

2E1 (Aggr. 4.224 Mb/s) 11 chips/bit, 23.232 Mcp/s

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Receiver

Specifications

Threshold


Noise figure 7 dB, typical at antenna port

Receiver level − 40 dBm nominal−20 dBm max., no performance degradation−10 dBm max., no damage

Image rejection 80 dB minimum

Frequency selection Synthesizer default value stored in MCU, and software-selectable

Increments 500 kHz

IF frequency 140 MHz

Demodulation Noncoherent (matched filtering correlation)

Carrier acquisition range Better than ± 100 kHz

Carrier tracking range Better than ± 150 kHz

Clock acquisition range Better than ± 100 PPM

Carrier Designator

Characteristic BERValue(dBm)

E1/T1 Outage point 10-3 −89 (−90, typical)

Operating point 10-6 −87 (−88, typical)

2E1/2T1 Outage point 10-3 −87 (−88, typical)

Operating point 10-6 −85 (−86, typical)


Antenna/Diplexer

Specifications

Frequency Spacing

C-Band


Antenna (optional) 28.5 dBi gain, flat-panel antenna

Mechanics External antenna, internal ACU

Antenna port N-type female connector

Impedance 50 ohms

Return loss ≥ 18 dB

ACU RF filter type Cavity diplexer with internal temperature compensation

Carrier Designator Value

T1/E1 65 MHz T-R spacing

2T1/2E1 62 MHz T-R spacing

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Digital Data Interface

Data Capacity (Factory Setting Only)

• 1 × T1 or

• 1 × E1 or

• 2 × T1 or

• 2 × E1 or

• 10Base-T with optional T1/E1

T1 Specifications

Pulse Shape

Characteristic Specifications

Digital interface DSX-1, meets ITU-T G.703 and G.824, AT&T Pub 62411, Bellcore GR-499-CORE

Connector (Table 2-2) RJ-48C, balanced, 100 ohms

Line code B8ZS or AMI (DIP switch selectable)

Continuity Input T1 signal, 1.544 Mb/s ± 130 PPM

Pattern should be pseudorandom ≥ 215 −1Requirement: error-free performance

Minimum input level − 6 dB below nominal (0 dB = 2.4 Vp pulse amplitude; see Figure 4-1)

Meets ITU-T G.703 mask as shown in Figure 4-1.

Pattern should be pseudorandom ≥ 215 −1

Requirement: error-free performance


Figure 4-1 Pulse mask for T1

Jitter

Output Jitter

According to ITU-T G.824, the peak-to-peak limit is as follows:

B1 5.0 UI BPF cutoff: lower 10 Hz and high 40 kHz


0

3.0

1.5

0.7

0.7

50 ns 50 ns

0.3

1.2

-3T/1 -T/4 0 T/4 3T/8 T/2T/8

V

TIMECCITT-32492

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Input Jitter Tolerance

Figure 4-2 Input jitter tolerance

Jitter Transfer Function Tolerance

Figure 4-3 Jitter transfer function tolerance

JITTERAMPLITUDE

(UIpp)

5

0.1

500 8 KJITTER

FREQUENCY (Hz)

− 54


E1 Specifications

Pulse Shape

Meets ITU-T G.703 mask as shown in Figure 4-4.

Figure 4-4 Pulse shape for E1


Digital interface CEPT-1, meets ITU-T G.703 and G.823

Connector (Table 2-2) BNC, unbalanced, 75 ohms, orRJ-48C, balanced, 120 ohms

Line code HDB3 or AMI (DIP switch selectable)

Continuity Input E1 signal 2.048 Mb/s ± 50 PPM

Pattern should be pseudorandom > 215 - 1Requirement: error-free performance

Minimum input level −12 dB below nominal (0 dB = 2.4 Vp pulse amplitude; see Figure 4-4)

269 ns(244+25)

194ns(244-50)

244ns

219ns(244 -25)

488 ns(244 + 244)

V =100%

50%

0%

Nominal pulse

20%10%

10% 10%

10%

10%

10%

20%

20%

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Jitter

Output Jitter

According to ITU-T G.823, the peak-to-peak limit is as follows:


Figure 4-5 Input jitter tolerance


B2 0.05 UI BPF cutoff: lower 18 kHz and high 100 kHz


Jitter Transfer Function

Figure 4-6 Jitter transfer function

10Base-T Specifications

Table 4-1 10Base-T specifications


Digital interface IEEE 802.3

Connector (Table 2-3) RJ-45, balanced, 100 ohms

OptionThroughput Rate(Mb/s)

Double Bandwidth(Mb/s)

-001 1.544 Not applicable

-003 1.544 3.096

-002 2.048 Not applicable

-004 2.048 4.104

JITTERTRANSFER

(dB)

0.50

-19.5

1.4 K 11.4 KJITTER

FREQUENCY (Hz)

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Ports, Indicators, Test Points, and Alarms

Ports

Table 4-2 Front-panel ports

Programmability

Default system, factory-configuredSoftware-programmable with a PC through RS-232 CIT port

Front-Panel LED Indicators

See Table 4-3 and Figure 4-7.

Table 4-3 Front-panel LED indicators

Port Specifications

ALARM PORT TX and RX alarms by solid-state relays, DE-9, male (Table 2-4)

CIT RS-232 DTE, DE-9, female (Table 2-5)

DATA, RS-232 DA-15, asynchronous, female (Table 2-6)

PHONE Voice orderwire, 2-wire, RJ-11 (Table 2-8)

Label Color Indication

RX (10Base-T only) Green, active When lighted, a 10Base-T signal is being received from the LAN

LINK (10Base-T only) Green, active When lighted, a link signal has been detected

PWR Green Power is on

TX ALM Red, active high Transmitter power alarm

RX ALM Red, active high Receiver sync alarm


Front-Panel Test Jacks

See Table 4-4 and Figure 4-7.

Table 4-4 Front-panel test jacks

Figure 4-7 Aurora 5800 LED indicators and test jacks

Built-in Diagnostics (through RS-232)

• SIGNAL LOSS

• AIS

• RX sync loss alarm

• TX output power alarm

• RX synthesizer lock alarm (through FarScan only)

• TX synthesizer lock alarm (through FarScan only)

Label Test

RSSI Receiver Signal Strength Indicator: yellow, 0 to 4.8 volts, corresponding to approximately receive input level of −90 to −20 dBm

GND Ground, black

RX (green LED)

LINK (green LED)

PWR (green LED)

TX ALM (red LED)

RX ALM (red LED)RSSI and GND

(test jacks)

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Power Specifications

Environmental Specifications

Mechanical Specifications

The Aurora 5800 radio requires one rack-mounting space (RMS) for a rack, plus one open RMS above and one open RMS below, or table-top placement in an indoor environment. For placement outdoors this radio can be installed in an outdoor cabinet.


Input voltage AC supply: Universal AC 95 to 250 VDC supply: ± 21 to 60 V

Power consumption 30 watts, maximum

Fuse Built in with the power supply


Full performance 0°C to +50°C 32°F to 122°F

Storage temperature − 40°C to +70°C − 40°F to 158°F

Humidity 95% noncondensing

Altitude (above sea level) 4,572 meters 15,000 feet


Height 1.75 inches 45 mm

Width 17 inches 432 mm

Depth (including the connectors) 11.8 inches 300 mm

Weight 7.7 lb 3.5 kg


Chapter 5

• • • • • • Installation Planning

General

Spread-spectrum, point-to-point radio relay links like Aurora’s are allowed by various regulatory agencies to operate unlicensed on a “no-interference, nonprotection basis”. Because of the unlicensed nature, the Aurora radios require neither licensing nor prior frequency coordination in most regions, including the U.S.A.

Caveat

The Aurora installation software with its adjustable power feature is for professional installer use only, as mandated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC, Part 15).

Harris Corporation does not assume any liability or damage arising out of the application or misuse of this Aurora radio product and its software.

Interference

While it is expected that many Aurora 5800 links will be deployed in urban areas that are (or will be) frequency-congested, the robust nature of the digital modulation and spread spectrum technology should mitigate any noticeable customer traffic degradation caused by interference.

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However, good engineering judgment should be exercised by the operator and professional installer before selecting paths or locations near equipment or facilities that could generate interfering signals. Such equipment might include high-power ISM devices. Additionally, precaution should be taken when links are deployed in a region where a large number of other 5.8 GHz, point-to-point or point-to-multipoint links are installed.

In some interference cases, threshold degradation causing an increase in short-term multipath outage or a slightly degraded Residual Bit Error Ratio (RBER) may occur, either or both of which can probably be tolerated.

As a general rule, the deployment of a larger antenna with a smaller beam width and higher front-to-back ratio, an antenna relocation for better interference shielding, or a polarization change are often very effective in mitigating most interference cases. These subjects are discussed in a later section. Such field changes, to mitigate interference and to otherwise improve Aurora 5800 link performance, require no prior regulatory approval in unlicensed links.

Performance and Economic Considerations

Aurora 5800 microwave transport offers significant technical and economic advantages over conventional copper- or fiber-based leased or owned transport alternatives when availability, cost-effectiveness, implementation time, security, and difficult terrain or access are significant network design considerations.

Ref. [1] describes how the economic and technical challenges of creating a new telecommunications infrastructure are met more effectively with point-to-point radio links than with traditional wireline-based solutions.

When Aurora 5800 digital transport facilities are compared to conventional leased-line services, the following four factors are taken into consideration:

• Transmission quality and reliability

• T1/E1 trunk availability

• Short-haul costs

• Construction time

hapter 5 Installation Planning

The infrastructure of most telephone networks has inherent regulatory or technical characteristics that limit its ability to meet microwave’s superior transmission quality, reliability, and other performance and availability characteristics.

It is not unusual for the telephone company’s “local loop” subscriber facility to have an RBER of 100 times, or more, worse than microwave links along with a long-term outage (unavailability) measured in hours per year. Simple and highly reliable Aurora 5800 microwave links can provide customers with superior service.

Microwave link’s short-term reliability standards, in excess of 99.995% to 99.999% (a few minutes outage per year), are often significantly better than those associated with typical leased copper services.

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Multihop and Hubbing Arrangements

Network Planning

Three transmit/receive frequency pairs are available to single T1/E1 links, and two pairs are assigned to 2T1/2E1 links for hubbing and multihopping Aurora 5800 radio links in the 5725 to 5850 MHz ISM band (see Figure 3-1).

T1/E1, 20 MHz bandwidth, go/return RF channels:

• Pair A: 5735/5800 MHz

• Pair B: 5755/5820 MHz

• Pair C: 5775/5840 MHz

2T1/2E1, 31 MHz bandwidth, go/return RF channels:

• Pair A: 5741/5803 MHz

• Pair B: 5772/5834 MHz

Any of these duplex RF channels may be assigned a new Aurora 5800 link, taking into consideration possible interference to and from other 5.8 GHz radios at the same hub (repeater) site as well as links in the area.

Each spread-spectrum radio in the area has a discrete PN spread sequence code assigned by user selection, as explained on page 55. While the use of different PN codes does mitigate the effect of external interference on the victim radio’s thresholds and fade margins by a minimal amount, perhaps by only a dB or two, it does ensure that only wanted data is demultiplexed on a link.

Interference into a digital receiver is acceptable as long as it does not degrade its threshold (fade margin) for increased outage or degraded errored-second performance beyond the user’s performance objectives. Many shorter or otherwise low-fading Aurora 5800 links may be so deployed with very low (< 20 dB) fade margins, permitting very high levels of co-channel interference that would otherwise be unacceptable on longer fading hops.


The planning of a complex network of Aurora 5800 links may include the following:

• The selection and placement of antennas on towers, rooftops, and building walls

• RF channel and polarization assignments

• Aurora 5800 power output adjustments

• PN spread sequence code assignments

• The calculation of acceptable levels of interference, accommodating the link’s fade characteristics and performance objectives

• The deployment of Aurora 2400 links where 5.8 GHz interference cannot otherwise be mitigated satisfactorily

With careful planning, even the most complex Aurora 5800 networks and systems may be commissioned in most areas.

The number of Aurora 5800 links assigned out of a hubbing or repeater site depends upon the following factors:

• RF channel assignments and pairings

• Required link fade margins

A moderate loss of fade margin due to interference into a short or otherwise low fade activity Aurora 5800 hop is often acceptable. Link outage objectives are usually met with lower fade margins.

• Antenna discriminations (front-to-back, sidelobe, and so forth)

• Building blockage

Interference levels are lowered 10 dB to 20 dB or much more with antennas placed on the opposite sides of a building or elevator/stairwell building on the roof.

Parallel-Path Arrangement for Higher Capacity or Protection

Two Aurora 5800 (2T1/2E1 or T1/E1) radios that are assigned the same frequency pair may be paralleled on a single path for protection using a T1/E1 span-line switch or for increased capacity, either with dual-polarized antennas or separate cross-polarized antennas positioned at similar heights.

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With these separate antennas at the same elevation, paralleled paths fade together, ensuring that the > 10 dB carrier-to-interference (C/I) ratio objective for error-free data transmission is maintained at all times.

A single-polarized antenna may also accommodate two Aurora 5800 radios on shorter or nonfading paths. The requirement is, however, that the radios be assigned to different RF channel pairs and that 3 dB hybrid couplers combine these radios to a common antenna feed system. This additional 6 dB path loss is acceptable in meeting the user’s performance objectives on most shorter paths.

Multihop Networking Arrangement through Repeaters

Longer Aurora 5800 paths of hops connected in tandem fade independently; that is, a victim path could fade to its threshold (outage) point, while the co-channel interference from a co-located transmitter at a hubbing site or another path is high.

The following are the three interference mechanisms:

• Intrastation adjacent channel interference from a nearby co-located transmitter

• Interlink co-channel interference with < 38 dB of antenna discrimination at hubbing (repeater) sites

• Overshoot from a path two hops away

Backside interference is eliminated by the assignment of different RF channels on adjacent hops out of a repeater by a “four-frequency” plan (two duplex channels).

Interlink overshoot interference is mitigated by cross-polarizing every other hop, H-H-V-V-H and so forth, on tandem systems; and/or by ensuring that the links are not deployed in a straight line—that is, path azimuths are staggered by at least 3 degrees for adequate antenna discrimination to overshoot interference.


Hubbing (Star) Networking Arrangement Out of a Node

Aurora 5800 spur links out of a node or repeater site provide point-to-point T1/E1 or 2T1/2E1 connectivity to multiple sites in an area. With the limited number of only two 2T1/2E1 and three T1/E1 RF channel pairs available to a user, co-channel interference out of a nodal site must be taken into consideration so that link performance beyond the user’s objectives will not be degraded.

Interference into other links out of a hub site is mitigated by the following examples:

• Use of channels A and B or B and C (never A and C) on adjacent T1/E1 links

• Use of the same RF duplex channel with > 38 dB antenna discrimination on fading hops (less on nonfading hops) between paths

• Cross-polarization between links

• Larger or shrouded antennas with higher discriminations

• Reduced power outputs on short paths

• Blockage with antennas positioned on the opposite sides of buildings or elevator penthouses

• PN code selection to prevent intelligible crosstalk

• Changing some links to Aurora 2400 (in the 2.4 GHz band)

Channel Assignments

Nonparalleled Links

RF channel assignments for Aurora 5800 links out of a hubbed repeater site are carefully assigned to lower intrasite and intralink interference levels to those not impacting upon the link’s performance objectives. Two interference mechanisms are possible in Aurora 5800 systems with hubbed repeater sites.

• Intrasite T-R adjacent-channel “frequency bucking” interference into local receiver(s) (one-way), caused by inadequate isolation between antennas at a hubbed repeater site

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• Intralink co-channel interference into all antennas (two-way), caused by inadequate antenna discrimination between links out of a hubbed repeater site

Since the 2T1/2E1 Aurora 5800 has only two 30 MHz RF channel pairs available and the T1/E1 Aurora 5800 has three 20 MHz pairs, frequency assignment roles are different for these two radios.

Aurora 5800 2T1/2E1 RF Channel Assignments

Two 30 MHz bandwidth full-duplex channels are available for assignment to 2T1/2E1 Aurora 5800 links, as seen in Figure 5-1.

Figure 5-1 Aurora 5800 2T1/2E1 Channel Plan

Both the A and B adjacent channels could be assigned at a hub site. However, the small 31 MHz T-R separation between the B1 and A2 channels require 90 dB to 100 dB of antenna isolation, depended upon the fade margin of the victim (interfered-with) path. Unless the on-site antennas can be separated, HP antennas assigned, or building blockage introduced between these antennas, only channel A or channel B should be assigned on all hops out of a hub site.

5.8 GHz 2xT1/E1 Frequency Channel PlanPossible Intrasite T-R Interference Cases

��

��

Pair A: 5741/5803 MHzPair B: 5772/5834 MHz

31 MHz T-T/R-R 31 MHz T-T/R-R31 MHz T-R

5725-5850 MHz ISM Band


��

��



��

��





The following rule is basic to a successful 2T1/2E1 frequency planning at hub sites: Always assign all hops to a single A or B channel pair, unless the adjacent A into B and B into A channel interference is controlled satisfactorily.

Aurora 5800 T1/E1 RF Channel Assignments

Three 20 MHz bandwidth, full-duplex channels are available for assignment to T1/E1 Aurora 5800 links, as seen in Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-2 Aurora 5800 T1/E1 Channel Plan

It is recommended that only channel pairs A and B or B and C be assigned to T1/E1 Aurora 5800 links out of a hub repeater site. There is no intrasite T-R interference between these channels, and thus no antenna size, type, or positioning constraints. The assignment of channels A and C to different links at a hub site results in a 25 MHz T-R interference case that requires careful antenna selection and/or positioning to prevent fade-margin degradations to the victim links.

��


��


20 MHzT-T/R-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

25 MHzT-R

45 MHzT-R 45 MHz

T-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

Pair A: 5735/5800 MHz Pair B: 5755/5820 MHz Pair C: 5775/5840 MHz

��


��


20 MHzT-T/R-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

25 MHzT-R

45 MHzT-R 45 MHz

T-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R20 MHzT-T/R-R

25 MHzT-R

45 MHzT-R 45 MHz

T-R

20 MHzT-T/R-R

Pair A: 5735/5800 MHz Pair B: 5755/5820 MHz Pair C: 5775/5840 MHz

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Co-channel Frequency Assignments at a Hub Site

Co-channel assignments A or B to 2T1/2E1 links, or A, B, or C to T1/E1 links out of a hubbed repeater is usually the best option. This assignment eliminates all intrasite T-R bucking interference cases. The only requirement is the optimum selection of antenna types and sizes at the hub site to meet the C/I (carrier-to-interference) objectives with adequate antenna discrimination:

Antenna angular discrimination = C/I objective

At hub sites with independently fading wanted and interfering signals, the RF C/I ratio = the interfering transmitting antenna’s discrimination to the victim path’s azimuth.

Interference does not affect the performance of an Aurora 5800 link if the following C/I ratio is not exceeded:

C/I = Fade Margin + T/I (threshold-to-interference ratio)= Required Interfering Tx Antenna Discrimination or Tx output

Power Reduction, dB

where

• Fade Margin is the victim radio link’s fade margin necessary to meet its outage objectives, typically 15 to 35 dB.

• T/I is the victim receiver’s threshold-to-interference ratio. For the Aurora 5800 (Figure E-10):

T/I = 15 dB, co-channel= −15 dB, adjacent channel

Therefore, if a longer Aurora 5800 link is assigned antennas to provide a high 35 dB fade margin (−55 dBm median RSL) to meet its outage objective, the C/I ratio at the victim receiver should not exceed about 35 + 15 = 50 dB (− 55 − 50 = −105 dBm interference level).

In this case, standard 4-foot (1.2 m) parabolic antennas with > 135-degree co-polarized or 100-degree cross-polarized discrimination angle [or 6-foot (1.8 m) antennas with 90-degree and 30-degree discrimination angles] at the hub site would be suitable.


If a shorter Aurora 5800 link’s outage objective is met with only 20 dB fade margin, and the computed free-space RSL (received signal level) is the same (-55 dBm), a lower 20 + 15 = 35 dB C/I is acceptable (−55 − 35 = − 90 dBm interference level). Then, Aurora 5800 radio’s standard 2-foot square, flat-panel antenna that is cross-polarized to the victim link, and/or reducing its output power, is suitable.

Hubbing Examples

Hubbing arrangements are categorized as blocking and nonblocking.

Blocking Arrangement

Antenna Positioning

Co-channel assignments at all 2T1/2E1 links and co-channel or A-B/B-C assignments for T1/E1 are recommended at hub sites. However, when it is necessary to assign adjacent channels with small T-R separations to links out of a hubbed repeater site (A and B for 2T1/2E1 links, A and C for T1/E1 links), 90 dB to 100 dB of isolation between antennas are required. This is provided by a building blockage or with HP (shrouded) antennas.

To introduce blockage between Aurora 5800 radio Tx and Rx antennas at “bucking” hub sites, antennas are positioned on the opposite sides of the building roofs, water tanks, microwave shelters, and so forth, thus greatly reducing interfering signal coupling. See Figure 5-3. High performance (shrouded) antennas are assigned when building blockage is not available.

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Figure 5-3 Roof mounting with building blockage

Adjacent Channel Assignments for 2T1/2E1 Paths

Antenna A is placed on the opposite side of the elevator penthouse hut from antennas B and C on the building roof. The blockage provided by the hut reduces the interference level >20 dB between antenna A to the west, and antennas B and C to the east, permitting the adjacent channel assignment even on co-polarized paths with small antennas.

Exposed interference paths are shown—path B to/from path C, for example. With only a single antenna discrimination and no interference blockage, paths B and C are assigned adjacent channels with cross-polarization.

Paths E and F are short with low fade activity; so higher interference levels with smaller antennas are permitted.

As previously discussed, the required antenna discrimination is computed from

C/I = Required Fade Margin + T/I.

In the long A, B, and C paths, the required fade margin necessary to meet the performance objectives might be 35 dB. For a co-channel operation, the T/I is 15 dB, requiring 50 dB of antenna discrimination. Four-foot (1.2 m)

10oTShort path(1T1/E1)

45oTLong path2T1/E1)

95oTLong path(2T1/E1)



ElevatorPenthouse

Building Roof


A

B

C

D

E F


antennas cross-polarized between paths B and C provide this necessary discrimination with a path azimuth differences > 20o. All three paths are thus assigned the same RF channel with B cross-polarized to A and C.

Adjacent Channel Assignments for the Short T1/E1 Paths

The Aurora 5800 transmitter power outputs on the short paths E and F may be reduced to lower interference levels into the longer paths. This process reduces fade margins while still meeting the performance objectives on these short paths.

Nonblocking Arrangement

Figure 5-4 shows a hubbing example at sites with no interlink or antenna-to-antenna blockage, as often occurs with tower-mounted antennas. In this arrangement, channel assignments made to a large number of links at a common hubbing site may take into account additional cases of acceptable levels of threshold (fade-margin) degradation.

Figure 5-4 Tower mounting with no blockage

Channel assignments are first made to the longer, fading paths. With no blockage, larger antennas provide higher discriminations between the longer paths. A and D are co-channel, co-polarized; C and D are assigned either co-channel, cross-polarized, or T1/E1 channel, A-B/B-C (avoid A-C).




45oTLong path1T1/E1)

A

B

C D

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Of course, in very difficult cases (many long fading hops out of a hubbing site, for example), HP antennas with shrouds providing > 20 dB additional discrimination may be assigned.

Conclusion

These hubbing examples are but a few of the many hubbing acceptable arrangements for Aurora 5800 links. Nearly any number of Aurora 5800 links can be hubbed at a single site, with RF channel assignments, path polarizations, antenna sizes and types, Aurora 5800 power output adjustments, acceptable fade margin degradation to short nonfading hops, and PN code selection all carefully considered to meet the network’s performance objectives.

Harris MCD Service

Harris Microwave Communications Division can provide rapid assistance in the optimum selection of antenna feed systems that meet regulatory and performance objectives for any specific Aurora 5800 single link, paralleled link, multihop, or hubbing application necessary to meet the user’s networking arrangement and performance objectives.


Site Selection

Link Performance

Aurora 5800 radio’s link performance can be characterized not unlike that of any conventional 6-GHz, point-to-point, nondiversity microwave link. Ref. [2] lists various availability and outage models and objectives from which to select.

While the “short-haul” objective (about 27 min/yr or 9 min/any month, end-to-end, one-way T1/E1 trunk outage) may be suitable for most applications, many Aurora 5800 radios are often used for temporary links or as an alternative to copper wire services. A higher outage objective may therefore be assigned to a DSSS link, resulting in significant savings in the cost of antennas and support structures.

Aurora 5800 radio’s wide, robust transmitted spectra reduce the probability of multipath fade outage on these links. In sharp contrast to FM analog radio links where the RF carrier disappears, or a broadband Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) or other digital links where increased multipath outage occurs with signal distortion (dispersion), spread-spectrum signals are not nearly as affected by multipath notches.

Aurora 5800 radio’s Dispersive Fade Margins (DFMs), the measure of its sensitivity to path-generated spectrum distortion, exceed 60 dB and are thus disregarded in performance calculations.

For this reason, the addition of diversity protection to lower multipath fade outage is rarely necessary to meet performance objectives. If equipment protection is needed, then dual Aurora 5800 radios on cross-polarized or separate antennas with T1 or E1 span line switches are suggested. Vertically separated antennas (paths) provide a reduction in multipath outage, although T1/E1 span line switching is not hitless.

Path Clearance and Reliability

As a general rule, spread-spectrum links can be assigned about the same 0.6 F1 at k = 11 path clearance as standard (licensed point-to-point analog and digital radio-relay links) in the 6-GHz bands.

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Because many Aurora 5800 links are short and nondiversity, low clearance paths over reflective terrain (such as open fields or lakes) are usually more stable (fade-free) than those with excessive path clearance.

Tables of link reliability under different conditions of terrain, climate, antenna size, and path distance are available from Harris [Ref. 3]. The received signal level and path reliability (outage or SESR) results under a wide variation of link design conditions can be determined by using Harris MCD’s StarLink 2 shareware personal path engineering computer program, which is available at no cost. [Ref. 4]

Antenna Site Selection

A good antenna site has the following qualifications:

• A clear line of sight for optimum power and maximum range

• Sufficient elevation for maximum line-of-sight range

• Correct orientation and correct directional aim at the target antenna

• Shortest possible distance between antenna and radio unit

A reasonable approximation of the radio horizon (line-of-sight) based on antenna height is shown in Figure 5-5. On the chart, set a straight-edge so that it crosses the height of one antenna in the column on the left and the height of the other antenna in the column on the right; the radio horizon in miles or kilometers is shown where the straight-edge crosses the center column.

1. “k” is the ratio of the radius of curvature (refractivity) of the radio path to that of the earth. A k = 1 (no refractive ray bending over a true earth) is commonly used for longer paths.


Figure 5-5 Antenna height chart

*Path length for grazing clearance over flat terrain without trees or other obstructions.

ANTENNA1 HEIGHT ANTENNA2 HEIGHT2 X RADIO HORIZON*

(feet (miles (feetmeters) meters)km)

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Antenna Selection

Neither antenna power input nor EIRP constraints in North America (and most other regions that allocate this band for unlicensed point-to-point, radio-relay applications) limit the gain (size) of 5.8 GHz antennas.

Although the 28 dBi flat-panel antenna is standard with the Aurora 5800, any other antenna may be used. Most Aurora 5800 applications deploy nonpressurized antennas with N-type fittings for connection to foam coaxial feeders, however.

Antenna Selection Criteria

All antenna designs address two concerns: directivity and gain. A third criterion in selecting an antenna is polarization.

Directivity

A highly focused directional antenna should be used for maximum sensitivity and power. This type of antenna also rejects signals not coming from the desired direction and provides a desirable increase in signal-to-noise performance.

Gain

Antenna performance is measured in “dBi” where “i” stands for “isotropic,” which describes the standard spherical radiation pattern. If the semiparabolic directional antenna has a gain of 24 dBi, it represents power and sensitivity levels that are over 200 times greater than those of a 0 dBi antenna. The FCC has a new rule on how much antenna gain affects the input power to the antenna and the output power of a radio operating in the 2400 MHz ISM band, but this rule does not apply to the 5.8 GHz links.

This device emits non-ionizing radiation. To meet RF safety requirements, steps must be taken to prevent all personnel from being closer than one (1) meter from the antenna main beam when the transmitter is operational.


Polarization

Aurora 5800 links use 5.8 GHz flat-panel antennas (FPAs) or parabolic antennas that provide vertical or horizontal linear polarizations over a link. Like adjacent-channel frequency assignments, path polarization is commonly selected to provide up to about 30 dB (V-pol into H-pol, and so forth) of discrimination to/from other 5.8 GHz links at the hubbing site or in the area. V-pol may also lower fade depths on high-clearance overwater paths.

Paralleled Aurora 5800 links may be operated cross-polarized over a path on the same frequencies by use of dual-polarized parabolic antennas. This plan doubles the capacity of the link or, with external T1 switches, provides hot-standby protection for the Aurora 5800 radios.

Similarly, two Aurora 5800 radios can operate cross-polarized on the same frequencies over a single path if they are connected to separate single polarized FPA or parabolic antennas. Unless the path is very short or otherwise nonfading, these separate antennas should be installed at the same elevation above the ground to ensure that “differential fading” interference between these paralleled radios does not occur.

Special circularly polarized antennas, while rarely used, are also available to reduce multipath outage over 5.8 GHz links with exposed specular reflections.

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Antenna Cable Selection

Cable Selection

Coaxial Cable

Harris recommends low-loss and low-cost RF cables to connect the radio to the antenna. Andrew Corporation’s LDF4-50A (1/2 inch) coaxial cable is standard with the Aurora 5800 radio. Larger-size coaxial cable can exhibit moding at 5.8 GHz, and therefore, it is not recommended for Aurora 5800 radio.

See Table 5-1 for cable characteristics.

Table 5-1 LDF4-50A cable parameters

Cable Connector

Do not use a right-angle N-type connector to connect the Aurora 5800 radio. A high loss at 5.8 GHz may result from such a connector.


Cable Part Number LDF4-50A

Nominal Size (in.) 1/2

Impedance (ohms) 50

Approx. Atten, at 5.8 GHzdB/100 ft (dB/100 m) 6.5 (21)

Weight, lb/ft (kg/m) 0.15 (0.22)

Diameter over Jacket, in. (mm) 0.63 (16)

Min. Bending Radius, in. (mm) 5 (125)


Waveguide Transmission Line

If a waveguide transmission line is being used, an EW-52 waveguide is recommended for the Aurora 5800 radio.

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Examples of Path Distance Calculations

Table 5-2 lists some examples of the FCC-compliant Aurora 5800 possible path distances for different antennas and different transmit output powers.

Table 5-2 Examples of maximum free-space path distance

Assumption: 32.8 ft (10 m) LDF4-50A cable feed for both antennas and 25 dB fade margin for BER 10-6/10-3

.

Notes:1. 32.8 ft (10 m) LDF4-50A cable loss approximately 2 dB.2. Typical T1/E1 Aurora receiver threshold, −88 dBm at BER 10-6 (static

threshold) and −90 dBm at BER 10-3 (outage threshold).

3. Free-space, path-loss calculation:

L = C + 20 log (D) + 20 log (f).

L = the path loss in dB.

C = 96.6 for distance in miles and 92.4 for distance in kilometers.

D = distance in miles or kilometers.

f = the signal frequency in MHz.

For example, for

output power = 19 dBm,antenna gain = 28 dBi, TX antenna cable loss = 2 dB,

the TX EIRP = 19 + 28 − 2 = 45 dBm.

Antenna Gain(dBi)

Transmit Output Power(+19 dBm)

EIRP(dBm)

Path Distance (miles)

BER 10-6/10-3

Path Distance(km)

BER 10-6/10-3

28 45 7.8 / 9 13 /15

31.4 48.4 12 /13.2 20 / 22

34.8 51.8 16.8 /18 28 / 30


The receiver antenna net gain = 28 − 2 (cable loss) = 26 dB;

hence the total path loss with this radio system = 45 + 26 + 90 − 25 (required fade margin) = 136 dB,

that corresponds to a free-space distance of about 15 miles. With 23 dB (2 dB less) fade margin for a 10-6 BER static point, this distance reduces to 13 miles.

If the actual transmission distance is reduced to 10 miles, the path loss is about 132 dB; then the system has about 27 dB fade margin for 10-6 BER and 29 dB fade margin for 10-3 BER.

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Point-to-Point Path Analysis

Programs that allow you to perform path analysis are available from several vendors. In any case, the following steps should be followed.

1. Plot the location of each antenna on a topographical site map.

2. Draw lines showing the radio path between sites.

3. On a graph paper, plot the distance (horizontal axis, in miles or kilometers) versus the ground elevation (vertical axis, in feet or meters).

4. Identify all obstructions on the radio path line on the map, including hills, vegetation, and buildings or structures that will interfere with radio transmission.

5. Plot each obstruction on the graph by marking the elevation and distance from the sites.

6. For each obstruction, compute the increment to the height of each obstruction to allow for the earth’s curvature.

where

h1 = additional height increment in feet or meters,

d1 = distance of obstruction from site in miles or kilometers,

d2 = distance of the obstruction from the second site in miles or kilometers,

C = 1.5 for English units or 12.75 for metric units, and

k = a refractive index of 1.33 for both English and metric units.

Add the additional height increment, h1, to the elevations plotted on your graph.

h1d1 d2×

Ck-------------------=


7. Compute another increment to the height of each obstruction for the Fresnel zone.

where

h2 = 60% of the first Fresnel zone in feet or meter,

C = 43.26 for English or 10.38 for metric units,

d1 = the distance of the obstruction from the first site in miles or kilometers,

d2 = the distance of the obstruction from the second site in miles or kilometers,

f = 5.8 GHz in English or metric units, and

D = total path length (d1 + d2) in miles or kilometers.

Add the h2 increment to the elevations on the graph.

8. Determine the ideal antenna height by drawing a line on the graph between the sites and across the top of the obstruction heights. Note the elevation of each antenna site.

9. Use the following formula to determine the free-space path.

where

L = the path loss in dB,

C = 96.6 for English units (distance in miles) and 92.4 for metric units (distance in kilometers),

D = distance in miles or kilometers, and

f = the signal frequency (5.8 GHz for both English and metric units for the Aurora radio).

h2 C d1 d2×f D×

-------------------=

L C 20 D( )log 20 f( )log+ +=

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For example, for a 15-mile path, path loss

= 96.6 + 20 log 15 + 20 log 5.8 GHz = 136 dB.

For a 15-km path, path loss

= 92.4 + 20 log 15 + 20 log 5.8 GHz = 131 dB.

10. Calculate the unfaded Received Signal Level (RSL).

RSL= TX Power + TX Antenna Gain − Coax Loss − Free Space Loss + RX Antenna Gain − Coax Loss

For example, if the TX Power is +19 dBm, the Coax Loss is 2 dB for the TX and 2 dB for the RX, the Antenna Gain is 28 dBi for the TX and 28 dBi for the RX, and the Path Loss is 136 dB, then

RSL= +19 dBm + 28 dBi − 2 dB − 136 dB + 28 dBi − 2 dB

= − 65 dBm

11. Calculate the Fade Margin (FM)

FM = RSL − Receiver Sensitivity at 10-3 BER (outage)

FM = −65 − (−90) = 25 dB.


Antenna Installation

Radio Performance

Radio performance is affected by all aspects of antenna installation, including:

• Antenna type

• Line-of-sight path fade characteristics

• Antenna orientation

• Antenna placement

• Distance between antennas

• Distance between the radio and its antenna

Installation Instructions

Instructions for antenna installation usually are part of the antenna kit. Follow these instructions for good and effective antenna installation.

Grounding of Antenna

RF output power is set by Harris or authorized distributor. Do not change antennas, cable length, or type. To do so may violate regulatory rules.If changes are necessary, contact Harris Customer Service or your authorized distributor.

Harris does not provide grounding kits.

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To prevent equipment damage and shock hazard caused by lightning, antenna installation and the grounding system must comply with NEC or IEC standards, and local regulatory requirements.

Harris is not responsible and shall not be liable for damage, injury, or death which arises out of any of the above.

Chapter 5 Installation Planning

Pre-installation Procedure

General

Always check the radio pairs on a bench before field installation. This test will minimize your traveling to another site. To perform the bench test, use:

• 0 dBi omni antennas or

• Cables with a coaxial 60 dB attenuator. See Figure 5-6.

Vendor information: Narda fixed coaxial attenuator, 757C-60, orequivalent N-type 60 dB attenuator

Loopback Bench Test

Notes:

• This loopback bench test is for T1 and E1 only.

• This loopback bench test is not applicable for 10Base-T applications.

• For 2T1 or 2E1 with 10Base-T, use channel 2 only.

1. For a loopback bench test setup, see Figure 5-6.

2. Use a T1 (or E1) test set. Send data to the far end, and monitor the BER of the return data.

There should be no errors over a 15-minute period.

3. For 2T1/2E1, repeat step 2 for channel 2.

Aurora 5800 101

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Figure 5-6 Loopback bench test setup

Spacing Requirement

If the Aurora radio is being installed in an equipment rack, leave one rack space above the radio and one rack space below the radio.

Do not connect back to back without a 60 dB RF attenuation. Failure to observe this RF loopback caution will result in a damage to the receiver front end and invalidate the equipment warranty.

BERT

Tx Rx

Loopback connector(Part Number 042-112859-001)

60 dB pad

Tx Rx

BNC-to-BNC cable(Part Number 087-116146-006)

60 dB pad

BERT

Balanced interface

Unbalanced interface


Antenna Alignment

The antenna can be aligned by monitoring the RSSI test jack. Use a digital multimeter to measure the RSSI voltage when adjusting the direction of the antenna. The RSSI level of 0 Vdc to 4.8 Vdc corresponds to the receiver input level of approximately -90 dBm to -20 dBm. See Table 5-3.

Table 5-3 Typical RSSI voltage versus receiver input level

The following table contains typical values. The RSSI curve is not calibrated; therefore, exact receive levels cannot be determined from this table.

RX Input Level(dBm)

RSSI Voltage(V)

−90 −0.05

−85 0.69

−80 1.34

−75 1.83

−70 2.30

−65 2.67

−60 3.01

−55 3.28

−50 3.54

−45 3.77

−40 4.00

−35 4.20

−30 4.39

−25 4.58

−20 4.75

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Loopback Test for the Hop

Before the radio is put into service, the BER performance of the hop must be checked.

Notes:

• This loopback test is for T1 and E1 only.• This loopback test is not applicable for 10Base-T applications.• For 2T1 or 2E1 with 10Base-T, use channel 2 only.

1. For loopback test setup, see Figure 5-7.




Figure 5-7 Loopback test setup before putting radio into service

Tx Rx

BERT

Balanced interface


Tx RxLoopback connector(Part Number 042-112859-001)BERT



Chapter 6

• • • • • • Software Utility Program

Aurora Software

General

The Aurora 5800 radio is shipped with a set of disks containing a utility program, AURORA5800, that is used to configure the radio for proper operation. The utility can also be used to monitor the built-in alarms and status indicators.

Configuration Mode

The Aurora 5800 radio is shipped with factory default configuration parameters for optimum system performance in the field.

Should it be necessary to change the some of the default configuration parameters, a qualified microwave telecommunication technician can change them through the Configuration Mode in the software. See page 120.

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Installing the Software

The AURORA5800 utility program can be installed and executed on any PC running the Microsoft Windows 95, 98, 2000 or NT 4.0 operating system. To install the software, do the following:

1. Insert AURORA5800 Setup Disk 1 in the computer’s disk drive (usually drive A:).

2. From the Windows or NT Start menu, select

SettingsControl PanelAdd/Remove Programs.

The setup program guides you through the install process, and you can select which directory you want the AURORA5800 installed.

Running the Software

Once it is installed, you can run the AURORA5800 program by

1. clicking on the Start button and

2. choosing Programs from the Start menu and then

3. choosing AURORA5800 from the submenu.

AURORA5800 Dialog Box

A few moments after you start AURORA5800, a dialog box similar to Figure 6-1 appears.

Chapter 6 Software Utility Program

Figure 6-1 AURORA5800 dialog box

Connect/Disconnect button

Message box

CIT Port

Configuration button

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Figure 6-2 AURORA5800 dialog box with callouts

Connect button

Configuration button

Tx Frequency value

Rx Frequency value

Help button

Max Tx Power value

Tx Sequence Code value

Message box

Ring-on state

Voice indicator

Target equipment address

Target-to-remote

connectionstatus indicator

Rx Sequence Code value

Aurora icon

Programexit button

Digital capacity

Connectionstatus


Status/Alarms

Six status and alarm conditions are monitored and displayed on the AURORA5800 dialog box.

Table 6-1 Alarms

Green indicates that everything is running okay. Red indicates an alarm condition.

Alarm Designation

Color Status

AIS1AIS2

Green Normal.

Red Unframed all one’s is detected (criteria of less than three zeros out at 2048-bit period).

LOS1LOS2

Green No loss of signal (Tx data).

Red T1/E1 input (Tx) signal level low or missing.

SYNCGreen Traffic is normal.

Red Synchronization alarm.

Tx ALM

Green Transmit power is above threshold level (okay).

Red Transmit power has dropped below a preset threshold level.(Threshold level is 10 dB below the power set at the factory.)

10BT(10Base-T only)

Green A link signal has been detected.

Red No link signal.

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Aurora Icon

Clicking on the Aurora icon displays the following box list. You can obtain the software part number and version by selecting About Aurora_5800.

Figure 6-3 Aurora icon box list

Phone

The green light on the phone icon indicates a voice connection. A red splash above the phone indicates a ring-on state.


Connection Configuration (Firmware: Issue 2, Version 3)

1. From the main dialog box (Figure 6-1), click the Configuration button. The Configuration dialog box (Figure 6-4) appears.

Figure 6-4 Configuration dialog box

If the PC with the CIT software is locally connected to the Aurora 5800 radio’s CIT port, then you must select 9600 bit/s and no parity.

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• • • •••

2. Configure the COM Port.

a. To select the COM Port the Aurora 5800 radio is connected to, click the + or − button.

b. To select the bit rate for the selected COM Port, click the + or − button.

c. To change the parity, click the appropriate button.

3. To change the Master address, click the ∧ or ∨ button.

The Master address is the address that is associated with your PC. The Master address must be unique on the network.

4. To change the Target address, click the ∧ or ∨ button.

The Target address is the address of the Aurora 5800 radio you want to monitor/configure.

5. Enable local target.

If you want to monitor/configure the Aurora 5800 radio that your PC is directly connected to, you can enable the local target. In this case, CIT will find and set the Target address automatically.

6. Clicking the Ok button stores the configuration until it is changed.


Configurable CIT Port (Firmware: Issue 2, Version 4)

Introduction

Issue2, Version 4 or later, of the firmware has configurable baud rate and parity of the CIT port.

Factory-set values:

To configure the baud rate and the parity of the CIT port, use the CIT software. The procedure consists of the following three main steps.

Step 1. Set the new baud rate and/or parity for the CIT port of the radio. The connection to the radio will be lost.

Step 2. Change accordingly the COM port settings of the PC. Restore the connection with the radio

Step 3. Save the new CIT port settings.

Baud rate 9600

Parity None

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Setting New Parameters for the CIT Port of the Radio

1. From the main dialog box (Figure 6-1), click on the CIT port button.

2. The CIT Configuration dialog box (Figure 6-5) appears.

Figure 6-5 CIT Configuration dialog box

3. To change the baud rate, click the + or − button.

4. To change the parity, click the appropriate button.

5. Click the Set button.

6. The following message appears on the screen.

7. Clicking the YES button sets the new parameters and disconnects the CIT.

If you press the YES button then the new values of baud rate and parity will be set for the equipment, the connection to it will be lost, and the CIT will be disconnected. To continue, you will need to change the configuration of the CIT and press the Connect button. Do you want to set new values?


Changing the COM Port Settings of the PC

8. From the main dialog box (Figure 6-1), click the Configuration button. The Configuration dialog box appears.

Figure 6-6 Configuration dialog box

9. To select the bit rate for the selected COM Port, click the + or − button.

10. To change the parity, click the appropriate button.

11. If you click the Ok button, the following message appears.

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• • • •••

12. If you click the YES button, new settings will be saved as default settings for the CIT program.

13. You must click the Connect button from the main dialog box (Figure 6-1) to reconnect the radio.

Saving New CIT Port Settings

14. Click the CIT port button to bring up the CIT Configuration dialog box (Figure 6-5) again.

15. Click the Save button.

16. The following message appears.

17. Clicking the YES button saves the new configuration.

Notes

Are you sure you want to save changed connection configuration?

Save values from configuration file into the equipment?

If you do not save the new values within 5 minutes, the previous settings will be retained.

If the power to the radio is turned off before you save the new values, the previous settings will be retained.


Connecting the COM Port

The RS-232 user interface connector is on the front panel of the Aurora radio.

1. From the main dialog box (Figure 6-1) click the

Connect button at the lower right-hand side.

2. When the radio is detected at that Com port, the word “Connected” appears in the message box.

3. The main dialog box displays the radio default configuration parameters.

• T1/E1 interface or 10BaseT

• Tx and Rx Spread Sequence Codes

• Tx and Rx RF Frequencies

• Alarms

• Max Power Capacity

4. The Connect button changes to Disconnect.

The value displayed is the maximum Tx power that can be achieved, and this display does not change.

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AURORA 5800 Troubleshooting

The following topics cover the most common problems.

• No connection

• No parameter values

No Connection

Connection Not Detected

If you get a system message, “Aurora equipment is not detected on com ports”, ensure that:

• The Aurora equipment is connected to the PC com port by a straightforward cable.

• The Aurora equipment power is on.

• You used com ports 1 to 8.

• The baud rate and parity of the PC COM port match the Aurora CIT port settings.

Response Time-out

If during the session you get a system message, “<TYPE OF REQUEST> response time-out. Resume connection?”:

1. Check the following conditions:

• Aurora equipment is online.

• Connection cable is okay.

2. Click the OK button in the message box. The application will try to resume connection.


Error Parameter Value

If you get the following message“Error <PARAMETER> value. Do you wish to reinitialize hardware?”

choose:

• YES to begin reinitialization of Aurora 5800 equipment

• NO to cancel connection

Quitting the AURORA5800 Program

To quit the program, choose one of the following from the main dialog box.

• Click the X in the upper right-hand corner.

• Click the OFF button.

• Click on the Aurora icon and choose Close from the list box.

Loss of traffic will occur if the correct values are not selected.

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Configuration Mode

Features

From the Configuration Mode, you can

• Make adjustments to the transmit and receive frequencies

• Make adjustments to the transmit and receive spread sequence codes

• Adjust the Tx output power

• Set the equipment address

• Enable/disable the channels

• Configure 10Base-T x 2 (2T1/2E1 only, Channel 2 disabled)

• Do loopback tests (T1/E1 only)

Accessing the Configuration Mode

1. To gain access to the Configuration Mode, click the right mouse button anywhere on the screen. The following list box appears.

Figure 6-7 Configuration Mode list box

Note: Selecting Exit will quit the Aurora 5800 program.

2. Select Mode. The Change Mode dialog box appears.

Only a qualified microwave telecommunication technician is allowed to access the Configuration Mode.


Figure 6-8 Change Mode dialog box

3. Type the password, and click OK.

The default password is professional.

4. To change the password:

a. Click the right mouse button.

b. Select Password. See Figure 6-7.

c. The Change Password dialog box (figure) appears.

Type the old password and the new password (twice). Click OK.

Figure 6-9 Change Password dialog box

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Figure 6-10 Configuration Mode dialog box

If you forget the changed password, you must uninstall and reinstall the CIT software.

The CIT password is stored in the PC and not in the Aurora radio. Remember, when you connect a different computer to configure the radio and the password has not been set, then the you will need to start with the default password.

Tx Frequency button

Rx Frequency button

Tx Power button

Tx Sequence Code button

Target equipment address button

Rx Sequence Code button

Loopback enabled symbol

Channel 1button


Set Frequency Values

1. From the Configuration Mode dialog box (Figure 6-10), click on the Tx or the Rx Frequency button. The Set Frequency dialog box appears. Figure 6-11 is an example of a Set Rx Frequency dialog box.

Figure 6-11 Set Rx Frequency dialog box

2. To change the frequency, click the + or − button.

3. When the desired frequency appears, click the Ok button.

4. If the frequency is changed, ensure that the corresponding frequency at the far end is (automatically) changed also.

• If the local-to-remote connection is good, then changing the frequency on the local radio automatically changes the corresponding frequency on the far-end radio.

Small adjustments are possible. Frequency can be adjusted up to 500 kHz away from the nominal channel plan.

If the selected frequency is not the same as the frequency displayed on the label, the radio does not function correctly.

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Set Sequence Values

There are 4 preset codes to choose from.

1. From the Configuration Mode dialog box (Figure 6-10), click on the Tx or the Rx Code button. The Set Sequence dialog box appears. Figure 6-12 is an example of the Set Rx Sequence dialog box.

Figure 6-12 Set Rx Sequence dialog box

2. To change the code, click the ∧ or ∨ button.

3. When the desired code appears, click the Ok button to download the new value.

If the local-to-remote connection is good, then changing the code on the local radio automatically changes the corresponding code on the far-end radio.

Ensure that the Transmit Code at the far end is the same as the Receive Code at the near end. Otherwise, the radio link does not operate properly.


Transmitter Power

Model 1 Radio

Adjusting the Transmitter Power

1. From the Configuration Mode dialog box (Figure 6-10), click on the Max Power button. The Tx Power Settings dialog box (Figure 6-13) appears.

Figure 6-13 Tx Power Settings dialog box

2. Click the big + and − buttons at the top of the dialog box to set the nominal power level.

3. To get the actual power reading, a power meter must be connected at the output (N-type connector).

4. Click the Close button to save this setting.

The value displayed in the Max Power box is the maximum Tx power that can be achieved, and this value does not change.

For Model 1 radio, this version of the utility software will allow you to set the RF output power levels that are incompatible with normal operation. Use a power meter at the N-type connector at the back of the radio to ensure that levels do not exceed +18.5 dBm.

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Setting the Equipment Address

1. From the Configuration Mode dialog box (Figure 6-10), click on the Addr button. The Set Equipment Address dialog box (Figure 6-14) appears.

Figure 6-14 Set Equipment Address dialog box

2. To change the address, click the ∧ or ∨ button.

3. Click the Ok button to save this setting.

Selecting the Channel Settings

1. From the Configuration Mode dialog box (Figure 6-10), click on the channel button. The Channel x Settings dialog box appears. Figure 6-15 is an example of a Channel 1 settings dialog box.

Figure 6-15 Channel 1 Settings dialog box


2. You can select the options listed. From the example in Figure 6-15, the options are:

a. Enable channel 1.

• Enabling the channel turns on the alarm circuit for that channel.

• Disabling a channel masks out the alarms. The alarms are not reported by CIT or FarScan.

– The alarms are grayed out.

– The disabled channel may or may not pass traffic. This occurrence cannot be controlled by the customer.

b. Enable channel 1 loopback.

Enabling loopback loops the Rx signal from the antenna, but before the line interface circuit (the circuit that converts the digital signal to T1 or E1), back towards the antenna.

c. Enable double 10BaseT bandwidth.

• Enabling the double bandwidth for the 10Base-T increases the data throughput by two times. See Table 4-1 for throughput rates.

• Selecting this option disables Channel 2.

3. Click the Ok button to save this setting.

Exiting the Configuration Mode

1. Click the right mouse button. The Configuration Mode list box (Figure 6-7) appears.

2. Select Mode. The Change Mode dialog box (Figure 6-8) appears.

3. Click the OK button. Leave the text box empty.

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Limitations of Model 1 and Model 2 in a Hop

Model 1 as the Target Address

When Model 1 is the target address, and Model 2 is the remote address (Figure 6-16):

• The 10Base-T option is not available.

• CIT loopback control is not available.

Figure 6-16 Model 1 and Model 2 in a hop

Model 2 as the Target Address

In Figure 6-17, although the target address is a Model 2 radio, you cannot select the 10Base-T double bandwidth because the remote is a Model 1 radio.

Figure 6-17 Model 2 and Model 1 in a hop

Acts like Model 1

Computer

Model 1 Aurora 5800

Target Remote

Model 2 Aurora 5800

Double bandwidthnot available

Computer

Target Remote

Model 2 Aurora 5800 Model 1 Aurora 5800


Chapter 7

• • • • • • Troubleshooting Guideline

This guideline is offered in troubleshooting the Aurora radio in the unlikely event a trouble occurs. This guideline is intended for new installations only.

Pre-installation Procedure

Always check the radio pairs on a bench before field installation. This test will minimize your traveling to another site. For a detailed bench test procedure, refer to page 101.

Normal Operation

Once the radio is installed, normal operation is indicated by the following conditions:

• The green PWR LED is on.

• The red TX ALM and RX ALM LEDs are off.

• The RSSI level is between 4.8 Vdc and 1 Vdc.

Call the Harris Technical Assistance Center if the trouble is not resolved.

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Power LED Off

If no communication link is achieved, and if the PWR LED (green) is off:

• Check the power switch on the left front panel of the radio.

• Check the connections to the power source.

• Check the power source itself for availability of power.

TX Power Alarm

If the TX ALM LED (red) is on:

• The transmit output power level may be too low (10 dB lower than nominal).

• There may be a problem with the LED driver.

RX Data Alarm

If the RX ALM LED (red) is on:

• There may be a problem in the receive path resulting in a low received signal level, or

• The far-end transmitter output power is too low or off, or

• There may be a problem with the antenna connection or alignment.

Check the receiver’s RSSI voltage level with a DMM.

• Level should be between 4.8 Vdc and 1 Vdc.

• If the level is too low (closer to 1 Vdc), the antenna may not be properly aligned. Adjust the antenna direction to increase RSSI reading. Check the coaxial cable connections.

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Guideline

If the RSSI level cannot be improved with antenna adjustment, the remote site transmitter may have a Tx Power alarm.

• Go to the remote site and check and correct the transmitter’s output power level. An RF calibrated power meter is recommended.

Software Diagnosis

If the LEDs and RSSI are normal but still no communication link can be established, use the Aurora 5800 utility software to troubleshoot the problem. The software’s diagnostics provides additional information about the status of the LOS and AIS for the digital interface.

If there is an LOS or AIS alarm, then the radio does not operate normally. In addition, ensure that the radio pairs are configured correctly by reconfiguring the receive and transmit synthesizer frequencies and the spread sequence into the radio processor, and then reset the radio transmit power to nominal levels. See the back label of the radio or factory test records for frequency-pair information.

LOS Alarm

Loss of Signal (LOS) means the DS1/E1 (Tx) signal is low or missing at the input of the modem board.

LINK LED Off (10Base-T Only)

If the LINK LED (green) does not light, it may indicate that the connection between the LAN and the Aurora radio is not good.

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Interference Resolution

If, after the link is installed, too many path errors are indicated on the T1 or E1 test set, a potential interference problem may exist. Try the following corrective steps.

1. Rotate the antenna direction slightly, and see if there is an improvement in the BER.

2. If no improvement is achieved, rotate the polarization of the antenna at both ends of the link by 90o.

3. If still no improvement is achieved after 2., use the SSRadio software utility program to change the Transmitter and Receiver Spread Sequence.

The software provides four different PNs. Use a PN other than the currently installed one, and check for improvement. Make sure the Transmitter Spread Sequence at one end is the same as the Receiver Spread Sequence at the opposite end. Harris recommends that you use different transmit and receive codes within the same radio to minimize the transmit power leakage into the receiver.

4. If no obvious improvement is achieved from the preceding steps, use the SSRadio software and make a slight adjustment to either the transmit or receive synthesizer frequency, or both.

• Do not make an adjustment of more than ± 500 kHz from the nominal channel plan (to avoid operating outside of the diplexer filters’ passband).

• Ensure that the transmit frequency at one end matches the receive frequency at the opposite end.


Loopback Test for the Hop

Perform this test after the radio has been removed from service.

Notes:

• This loopback test is for T1 and E1 only.• This loopback test is not applicable for 10Base-T applications.• For 2T1 or 2E1 with 10Base-T, use channel 2 only.

1. For loopback test setup, see Figure 7-1.




Figure 7-1 Loopback test setup before putting radio into service

Tx Rx

BERT

Balanced interface


Tx RxLoopback connector(Part Number 042-112859-001)BERT


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Chapter 8

• • • • • • Connecting to FarScan

Introduction

FarScan is a computer-based network supervision system that runs in Microsoft Windows.

FarScan performs five primary functions:

• Manual command execution

• Polling (AutoPoll and SelectPoll)

• Equipment activity logging

• FarScan networking

• Paging

Requirements

FarScan for DOS, Version 4.05, or higher, orFarScan for Windows, Version 2.22, or higher

Hardware Interface

The FarScan computer can be connected to the Harris radio network locally, or remotely by using standard modems connected to a telephone line.

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Hardwire Connection

Aurora 5800 radio can be connected to FarScan locally by using the FarScan interface cable.

The cable (Harris part number 087-108906-025) is connected to the CIT port on the Aurora 5800 radio. Refer to Chapter 2 for more information on the CIT port.

Software Interface

Refer to the FarScan for Windows Instruction Manual for instructions on how to connect the COMM port.

NE Address

In Aurora 5800, there is one NE address for the hop. FarScan always displays the information from both sides of the hop.

Manual Commands

Refer to the FarScan for Windows Instruction Manual for a list of manual commands for the Aurora 5800 radio.

For More Information

Refer to the FarScan for Windows Instruction Manual for more information.

Chapter 8 Connecting to FarScan

Chapter 9

• • • • • • Customer Service and Warranty Information

Warranty and Product Support

Warranty and product support information is provided at the time of purchase with the sales invoice and other sales documents. Read the warranty information on page 142 for the equipment or assembly before contacting the Microwave Communications Division (MCD) Customer Service.

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Ordering Spares

Harris MCD Aurora 5800 is designed to be repaired at the shelf level. For this reason, parts lists are not furnished with an order, nor are they available.

All orders must be at the top radio shelf level for a complete unit. Make all inquiries for spare radios to the Spare Products Support Center at the following address.

Repair and Return

Harris MCD repairs all its manufactured products as well as coordinates repairs on vendor items that are part of its systems. The standard repair turnaround time for current models of some products is 5 working days upon receipt of the defective parts. Repair turnaround time for other products is 15 working days. Discontinued items repair turnaround is subject to the availability of spares.

Emergency repair is available with a 24-hour turnaround time for current production models of some products and 48 hours for other products. Turnaround time for Manufacturing Discontinued items is subject to the nature of the problems. Emergency repairs are billed at actual repair price

Harris Microwave Communications Division Spare Products Support Center3, Hotel de VilleDollard-des-Ormeaux, QuebecCANADA H9B 3G4

Tel: 1-800-227-8332 (U.S.A.)1-800-465-4654 (Canada)(+1) 514-421-8333

Fax: (+1) 514-421-3555

The Technical Assistance Center is now available on the World Wide Web at http://www.microwave.harris.com/cservice/.

Chapter 9 Customer Service and Warranty Information

(zero for warranty units) plus some surcharge per radio. Our normal shipping time is 4 P.M. (Central Time) unless special shipping instruction is requested.

Repair charges and turnaround time for OEM (vendor) items are set by Harris MCD suppliers. Our close working relationships with our suppliers assure us of the best repair prices and turnaround time. Repair charges are billed at supplier’s cost plus the necessary handling fee.

Module Exchange

You may prefer to receive a replacement radio before you send your defective unit to us. Harris MCD maintains an inventory of many different configurations that can be shipped to you within 24 hours. Radios that require retuning or reconfiguring can be shipped within 48 hours.

All exchanged radios must be returned to us within 15 days to avoid getting invoiced for the difference between the exchange price and the list price.

Evaluation Fee

There is an evaluation charge per unit if no trouble is found and no repair is required.

Unrepairable Units

Equipment that has been damaged because of customer negligence or that has parts removed will be repaired at the prevailing flat repair fee, or on a time-and-material basis, whichever is higher and regardless of the warranty status. Any equipment that is determined to be unrepairable will be returned to the customer. An evaluation fee will be assessed. This fee will be refunded if the customer purchases a replacement radio within 30 days.

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Return Freight

Harris MCD prepays standard return freight back to our customers on warranty repairs. Return freight back to customers on billable repairs is invoiced to the customers. The customer pays for shipping units to Harris MCD for both warranty and out-of-warranty repairs. Special shipping requests may be subject to additional charge.

All shipments outside the continental USA and Canada are subject to additional handling charge per shipment.

Please pack the unit carefully using static-free, sturdy packaging to prevent damage during transit.

Return Material Authorization

Before sending in your equipment for repair, first contact the Harris MCD and request a return material authorization (RMA) number. Obtaining an RMA number insures you that the repairs will be done in a timely manner and prevents any delays due to incomplete information.

Please provide the following information:

1. Your name, company, and telephone number.

2. Sales order number, equipment type, and product code number (P/C:). (See the label on the back of the radio, Figure 2-2.)

Example of a product code: RA205AAS1A1

3. Detailed description of the problem.

4. Purchase order number.

5. Billing and shipping addresses.

6. Any special return packing or shipping instructions.

7. If required, customs clearance information.


Repair Telephone and Fax Numbers

U.S.A. and Canada

Repair Service Locations

When you receive the RMA number, the Harris MCD customer service representative will instruct you to ship your defective unit(s) to one of the following addresses.

U.S.A.

Canada

Tel: 1-800-227-8332 (U.S.A. only)1-800-465-4654 (Canada only)(+1) 514-421-8333

Fax: (+1) 514-421-3555

Harris Microwave Communications DivisionAttn: Customer Service, RMA #_ _ _ _ _5727 Farinon DriveSan Antonio, TX 78249

Harris Microwave Communications DivisionAttn: Customer Service, RMA #_ _ _ _ _3, Hotel de VilleDollard-des-Ormeaux, QuebecCANADA H9B 3G4

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Standard Product Warranty Terms

Harris MCD warrants that each product of its own manufacture shall, at the time of delivery and for a period of 24 months thereafter, be free from defects in materials and workmanship. For such products that are installed by Harris MCD, this warranty shall extend for 18 months from date of installation, provided that the time from the date of delivery to the date of installation does not exceed 6 months. Such warranty shall not include any consumable components to which a specific manufacturer’s guarantee applies. If any Harris MCD product shall prove to be defective in materials or workmanship under normal intended usage, operation, and maintenance during the applicable warranty period as determined by Harris MCD after examination of the product claimed to be defective, then Harris MCD shall repair or replace, at Harris MCD’s sole option, such defective product, in accordance with procedures specified below, at its own expense, exclusive, however, of the cost of labor by the customer’s own employees, agents or contractors in identifying, removing or replacing the defective part(s) of the product.

In composite equipment assemblies and systems, which include equipment of such other than Harris MCD manufacture, Harris MCD’s responsibility under this warranty provision for the non-Harris MCD manufactured portion of the equipment shall be limited to the other equipment manufacturer’s standard warranty. Provided, however, that if the other manufacturer’s standard warranty period is of a shorter duration than the warranty period applicable to Harris MCD’s manufactured equipment, then Harris MCD shall extend additional coverage to such other equipment manufacturer’s warranty equal to the differential in time between the expiration of the other manufacturer’s warranty and the duration of Harris MCD’s manufactured equipment warranty applicable to such order. Harris MCD shall repair or replace, at Harris MCD’s sole option, such other manufacturer’s defective part(s) within 60 days after receipt of such parts by Harris MCD in accordance with the below specified procedures, at Harris MCD’s own expense, exclusive, however, of cost of labor by the customer’s own employees, agents or contractors in identifying, removing or replacing the defective part(s) of the product.


An authorization to return products to Harris MCD under this warranty must be obtained from a Harris MCD representative prior to making shipment to Harris MCD’s plant, and all returns shall be shipped freight prepaid. Collect shipments will not be accepted, but Harris MCD will prepay return freight charges on repaired and replaced products found to be actually defective.

Liability of Harris MCD for breach of any and all warranties hereunder is expressly limited to the repair or replacement of defective products as set forth in this section, and in no event shall Harris MCD be liable for special, incidental or consequential damages by reason of any breach of warranty or defect in materials or workmanship. Harris MCD shall not be responsible for repair or replacement of products that have been subjected to neglect, accident or improper use, or that have been altered by other than authorized Harris MCD personnel.

Any warranties or conditions made herein by Harris are exclusive, made in lieu of all other warranties or conditions, express or implied (except to title) including, but not limited to, any implied warranty or condition of merchantability, any implied warranty or condition of fitness for a particular purpose, or any warranty or condition arising out of performance or custom or usage of trade. Customer acknowledges any circumstances causing any such exclusive or limited remedy to fail of its essential purpose shall not affect any Harris warranty.

Limitation of Damages

Harris’ total and maximum liability under this agreement or in connection with the subject matter of this agreement or any transaction related to this agreement, shall be limited to one-half (1/2) of the aggregate amount paid to Harris, regardless of the basis for such liability. Customer acknowledges and agrees this section shall be enforceable in the event of any claim made in connection with this agreement, including, but not limited to, any claim for failure of delivery. In no event shall Harris be liable for any punitive, special, incidental, or consequential damages, including, but not limited to lost profits, opportunities or savings or for any loss of use of, or loss of data or information of any kind, however caused or for any full or partial loss of performance of any product, even if Harris has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

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Appendix A

• • • • • • Transmitter and Receiver RF Filter Responses

This appendix includes actual results from laboratory tests.

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T1/E1 Diplexers

The RF filter response graphs are shown in Figure A-1 through Figure A-6.

Figure A-1 Filter with center frequency of 5.735 GHz

CH1 S21 log MAG 10 dB/ REF 0 dB

CH2 S11 log MAG REF 0 dB5 dB/

CENTER 5 735.000 000 MHz SPAN 150.000 000 MHz

12

3

3_ -5.9761 dB

5 749.820 000 MHz

1_ -2.9798 dB 5.735 GHz

2_ -6.003 dB 5.721 GHz

1

23

3_:-20.845 dB

5 749.820 000 MHz

Appendix A Transmitter and Receiver RF Filter Responses





12

3

3_ -6.1175 dB

5 770.585 001 MHz

1_ -3.1119 dB 5.755 GHz

2_ -6.1371 dB 5.741 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-10.945 dB

5 770.585 001 MHz

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12

3

3_ -5.7667 dB

5 790.050 002 MHz

1_ -2.7971 dB 5.775 GHz

2_ -5.8321 dB 5.761 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-12.904 dB

5 790.050 002 MHz






12

3

3_ -5.991 dB

5 814.845 001 MHz

1_ -3.0377 dB 5.800 GHz

2_ -6.01 dB 5.785 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-12.909 dB

5 814.845 001 MHz

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• • • •••





12

3

3_ -6.2021 dB

5 834.635 003 MHz

1_ -3.2001 dB 5.82 GHz

2_ -6.2019 dB 5.806 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-10.913 dB

5 834.635 003 MHz






12

3

3_ -6.241 dB

5 854.760 002 MHz

1_ -3.2412 dB 5.840 GHz

2_ -6.1996 dB 5.826 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-14.527 dB

5 854.760 002 MHz

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2T1/2E1 Diplexers

The RF filter response graphs are shown in Figure A-7 through Figure A-10.


CH1 B/R log MAG 10 dB/ REF 0 dB

CH2 S 11 log MAG REF 0 dB5 dB/


1 2

3 3_ -5.8986 dB

5 760.005 002 MHz

1_ -5.8924 dB 5.722 GHz

2_ -2.8476 dB 5.741 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-15.435 dB

5 760.005 002 MHz

1_:-10.233 dB 5.722 GHz

2_:-22.014 dB 5.741 GHz






1 2

3 3_ -5.6245 dB

5 790.915 120 MHz

1_ -5.6025 dB 5.753 GHz

2_ -2.605 dB 5.772 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-10.493 dB

5 790.915 120 MHz

1_:-7.135 dB 5.753 GHz

2_:-19.927 dB 5.772 GHz

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• • • •••





1 2

3 3_ -5.8215 dB

5 821.805 002 MHz

1_ -5.8229 dB 5.783 GHz

2_ -2.866 dB 5.803 GHz

12

3

3_:-9.9514 dB

5 821.805 002 MHz

1_:-14.808 dB 5.783 GHz

2_:-17.158 dB 5.803 GHz






1 2

3 3_ -6.001 dB

5 853.030 120 MHz

1_ -6.0013 dB 5.815 GHz

2_ -3.07 dB 5.834 GHz

1

2

3

3_:-18.937 dB

5 853.030 120 MHz

1_:-11.868 dB 5.815 GHz

2_:-23.856 dB 5.834 GHz

Aurora 5800 155

• • • •••

156

• • • •••



Appendix B

• • • • • • Typical Radio Performance Results for T1


Refer to Appendix A for RF filter response graphs.

Transmitter RF Test

Transmit RF Spectrum (FCC Part 15.247)

Figure B-1 Transmit RF spectrum for T1

Aurora 5800 157

• • • •••

158

• • • •••

Receiver Tests

Test Setup

Figure B-2 Receiver test setup

Direction Transmit Receive

A Radio 1 at 5775 MHz Radio 2 at 5775 MHz

B Radio 2 at 5840 MHz Radio 1 at 5840 MHz

40 to 130 dB

Radio 1Variable

AttenuatorRadio 2

BERT BERT

Appendix B Typical Radio Performance Results for T1

Receiver Sensitivity

Code used: 2CF8

Requirement: Input threshold at BER 10-6 ≤ −87 dBm (1T1)Results: Both directions use same spread sequence.

Code DirectionInput Threshold at BER 10-6 (dBm)

3F0CA −92

B −91

2CF8A −91

B −90

1F35A −90

B −89

Aurora 5800 159

• • • •••

160

• • • •••


Test Conditions

Direction A code: 1F35Direction B code: 1F35

Fade simulator is inserted in the 140 MHz IF path. Receiver input level is at nominal − 40 dBm.

Direction A

See Table B-1 and Table B-2 for the results of this test for Direction A.

Table B-1 Direction A, minimum phase

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

134 40 at 134.8 MHz 40 at 136.3 MHz

136 19.0 24.5

138 20.4 24.5 40 at 139.2 MHz 40

140 32.0 33.5 39.4 39.0

142 24.4 27.5 40 at 140.5 MHz 40

144 27.8 40 at 143.5 MHz

145 40 at 144.4 MHz


Table B-2 Direction A, non-minimum phase

DFM = 56.17 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 64.70 dB for BER = 10-3

See Figure B-3 for the W curve at BER = 10-6, and Figure B-4 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Figure B-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

134 40 at 135.7 MHz

136 39.5 > 40

138 39.0 > 40 > 40.0 > 40.0

140 32.8 > 40 > 40.0 > 40.0

142 25.9 > 40 > 40.0 > 40.0

144 31.0 40 at 143.3 MHz

146 40 at 144.4 MHz

Aurora 5800 161

• • • •••

162

• • • •••

Figure B-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A

Direction B

See Table B-3 and Table B-4 for the results of this test for Direction B.

Table B-3 Direction B, minimum phase

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

134 40 at 134.8 MHz 40 at 135.8 MHz

136 21.0 28.0

138 27.5 29.5 40 at 138.5 MHz 40.0

140 27.4 32.0 37.0 34.0

142 22.0 28.2 33.0 30.0

144 27.0 > 40 > 40

144.3 40.0


Table B-4 Direction B, non-minimum phase

DFM = 57.74 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 68.86 dB for BER = 10-3

See Figure B-5 for the W curve at BER = 10-6 and Figure B-6 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Figure B-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

135.7 40.0

136 39.5

138 39.0 > 40.0 > 40.0 > 40.0

140 32.8 > 40.0 > 40.0 > 40.0

142 25.9 28.5 34.0 31.0

144 31.0 40 at 143.3 MHz > 40 > 40

144.4 40.0

Aurora 5800 163

• • • •••

164

• • • •••

Figure B-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B


Dynamic Fading

Sweep Notch Depth Range

See Table B-5 for sweep notch depth range at certain notch frequencies for BER < 10-6 region; elapse time = 0.1 sec.

Table B-5 Sweep notch depth range

Sweep Notch Frequency

Table B-6 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec)

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Direction A Notch Depth(dB)

Direction B Notch Depth(dB)

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

135.0 0 to 28 0 to 36 0 to 18 0 to 32

138.0 0 to 17 0 to 35 0 to 30 0 to 40

140.0 0 to 26 0 to 30 0 to 31 0 to 26

142.0 0 to 18 0 to 21 0 to 28 0 to 18

145.0 0 to 39 0 to 40 0 to 40 0 to 40

Notch Frequency

(MHz)



MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

115 to 165 17.5 21.0 19.0 22.0

Aurora 5800 165

• • • •••

166

• • • •••

Flat Fading

Sweep for ultimate error-free attenuation range (flat fading), elapse time: 0.1 sec.

Note: Attenuation is inserted in the IF path. RF AGC is disabled. Only the dynamic performance of the IF AGC is tested.

Direction A: 0 to 55 dBDirection B: 0 to 55 dB

Interference Performance

The effect of an interfering signal into a digital radio receiver is characterized by a 1 dB degradation in the BER = 1 × 10-6 (static) and 1 × 10-3 (outage) thresholds. The standard for this characteristic is the threshold-to-interference (T/I) ratio, as defined in EIA/TIA Document TSB-10-F. [Ref 5]

The test was performed for sinewave (narrowband) interference and for like signal (wideband) interference. The method used in this test follows the TIA Bulletin TSB-10-F Standard T/I measurement recommendation.

The C/I uses nominal receiver input level (− 40 dBm), and then interference is injected to get a BER of 10-6. C/I is the ratio of the signal to interference ratio at this point, measured in direction A only.


Narrowband Interference

Figure B-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset

Figure B-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset

Aurora 5800 167

• • • •••

168

• • • •••

Wideband Interference

Figure B-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 1F35)

Figure B-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 1F35, Direction B: 3F0C)


Figure B-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset

Aurora 5800 169

• • • •••

170

• • • •••

FCC Part 15, Compliance Processing Gain Performance Test

Test method recommended by FCC 97-114 is the CW Jamming Margin Method.

Test Setup

Test setup is shown in Figure B-12.

Figure B-12 Processing gain test setup


Data rate T1 (1.544 Mb/s)

Chip rate 11 chips/bit

Designed processing gain 10.4 dB

HP37701A Communications

Analyzer

Transmitter Variable Attenuator

Variable Attenuator

Comb/Splitter

Comb/Splitter

HP8648C Signal

Generator

HP435B Power Meter

Receiver

Data InData Out


Jamming Margin (J/S Ratio) (for 10-5 BER)

The test was performed in Direction B. Fifty-kHz increments were used in this test; the worst 20% were discarded. See Table B-7.

After the worst 20% (64 points marked with (x)) were discarded, the lowest J/S ratio was - 0.5 dB (marked with (**)).

Hence Mj = − 0.5 dB.

The S/N ratio for ideal noncoherent receiver is calculated from

Pe = ½ e(-½ (S/N)o ),

where Pe = 10-5.

Hence (S/N)o = 13.3 dB.

The processing gain can be calculated as

Gp = (S/N)o + Mj + Lsys

where Lsys = System Loss.

No more than 2 dB loss is allowed (we assumed 0 dB).

Hence Gp = 13.3 − 0.5 + 0.0 = 12.8 dB, better than the designed coding gain of 10.4 dB and better than the FCC’s minimum requirement of 10 dB.

Aurora 5800 171

• • • •••

172

• • • •••

Table B-7 Jamming margin (J/S ratio) (for 10-5 BER) for T1Freq. Offset

(MHz)J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

−8.00 5.2 −6.00 0.8 −4.00 2.5 −2.00 (x) −0.5.05 5.3 .05 −0.1 .05 2.0 .05 (x) −0.8.10 5.6 .10 (x) −1.0 .10 1.5 .10 (x) −1.1.15 6.1 .15 (x) −1.7 .15 1.4 .15 (x) −1.3.20 6.0 .20 (x) −1.8 .20 1.6 .20 (x) −1.4.25 6.2 .25 (x) −2.0 .25 1.3 .25 (x) −1.5.30 6.5 .30 (x) −2.0 .30 1.3 .30 (x) −1.9.35 6.5 .35 (x) −1.7 .35 1.8 .35 (x) −1.3.40 6.8 .40 (x) −0.8 .40 1.6 .40 (x) −1.3.45 7.2 .45 −0.2 .45 1.2 .45 (x) −1.3.50 7.2 .50 1.2 .50 0.8 .50 (x) −0.6.55 6.7 .55 1.9 .55 0.3 .55 −0.3.60 6.2 .60 2.8 .60 0.0 .60 0.1.65 6.0 .65 3.3 .65 −0.4 .65 0.1.70 5.4 .70 3.4 .70 −0.5 .70 −0.2.75 5.4 .75 3.6 .75 (x) −0.8 .75 −0.1.80 4.6 .80 3.9 .80 −0.2 .80 −0.3.85 4.2 .85 3.8 .85 (**) −0.5 .85 −0.2.90 3.8 .90 3.6 .90 −0.5 .90 0.1.95 3.9 .95 2.9 .95 0.4 .95 0.0

−7.00 3.8 −5.00 2.3 −3.00 0.5 −1.00 0.6.05 3.7 .05 1.9 .05 1.0 .05 0.9.10 3.8 .10 1.2 .10 1.3 .10 1.8.15 3.7 .15 1.0 .15 1.2 .15 2.1.20 3.7 .20 0.5 .20 2.0 .20 2.1.25 3.8 .25 0.8 .25 2.6 .25 2.1.30 3.3 .30 0.8 .30 3.0 .30 2.4.35 3.7 .35 0.8 .35 3.9 .35 2.5.40 3.7 .40 1.5 .40 4.5 .40 2.3.45 4.2 .45 1.5 .45 4.4 .45 2.2.50 4.3 .50 1.6 .50 4.2 .50 1.5.55 3.7 .55 2.1 .55 4.0 .55 1.0.60 3.1 .60 2.1 .60 3.5 .60 −0.1.65 3.0 .65 2.8 .65 3.2 .65 (x) −1.7.70 2.9 .70 2.8 .70 2.9 .70 (x) −3.0.75 2.8 .75 2.9 .75 2.1 .75 (x) −4.0.80 3.1 .80 3.4 .80 1.9 .80 (x) −4.6.85 3.5 .85 3.9 .85 0.8 .85 (x) −4.8.90 3.0 .90 3.9 .90 0.8 .90 (x) −5.2.95 3.4 .95 3.3 .95 0.3 .95 (x) −5.8


• • •

0.00 (x) −4.3 +2.00 (x) −2.1 +4.00 3.9 +6.00 −0.2.05 (x) −4.3 .05 (x) −2.1 .05 4.4 .05 2.0.10 (x) −4.9 .10 (x) −1.8 .10 4.1 .10 2.2.15 (x) −4.7 .15 (x) −1.1 .15 4.0 .15 2.8.20 (x) −3.8 .20 0.0 .20 3.5 .20 3.6.25 (x) −3.5 .25 0.5 .25 3.5 .25 4.5.30 (x) −2.2 .30 1.1 .30 2.8 .30 5.1.35 (x) −1.4 .35 2.0 .35 2.3 .35 6.0.40 (x) −0.5 .40 2.6 .40 1.7 .40 6.1.45 0.1 .45 3.3 .45 1.2 .45 6.4.50 0.3 .50 3.5 .50 1.0 .50 6.0.55 0.3 .55 3.3 .55 0.7 .55 5.1.60 0.7 .60 2.8 .60 0.7 .60 4.4.65 0.8 .65 2.4 .65 1.1 .65 4.0.70 0.8 .70 1.9 .70 1.1 .70 3.4.75 0.8 .75 1.3 .75 1.6 .75 3.1.80 1.2 .80 0.6 .80 1.6 .80 3.1.85 1.2 .85 −0.3 .85 2.2 .85 3.4.90 1.3 .90 (x) −0.8 .90 2.4 .90 3.4.95 0.8 .95 (x) −1.1 .95 2.8 .95 4.0

+1.00 0.4 +3.00 (x) −1.4 +5.00 3.5 +7.00 4.1.05 −0.2 .05 (x) −0.5 .05 3.4 .05 4.2.10 (x) −0.5 .10 −0.1 .10 3.4 .10 5.2.15 (x) −1.5 .15 −0.1 .15 2.9 .15 5.9.20 (x) −1.7 .20 0.0 .20 2.3 .20 6.4.25 (x) −1.8 .25 0.0 .25 1.9 .25 7.2.30 (x) −2.6 .30 0.8 .30 2.2 .30 7.6.35 (x) −2.2 .35 1.0 .35 2.2 .35 7.9.40 (x) −2.5 .40 1.1 .40 2.1 .40 7.9.45 (x) −2.1 .45 1.2 .45 2.3 .45 7.9.50 (x) −2.4 .50 0.8 .50 1.7 .50 7.7.55 (x) −2.3 .55 0.7 .55 1.3 .55 7.0.60 (x) −2.4 .60 0.8 .60 0.8 .60 6.2.65 (x) −3.0 .65 0.9 .65 0.8 .65 5.5.70 (x) −2.5 .70 0.7 .70 −0.2 .70 5.4.75 (x) −1.7 .75 1.4 .75 (x) −0.5 .75 5.7.80 (x) −1.9 .80 1.2 .80 (x) −0.5 .80 5.9.85 (x) −1.9 .85 1.3 .85 −0.3 .85 6.4.90 (x) −1.8 .90 2.2 .90 −0.3 .90 6.3.95 (x) −2.1 .95 2.8 .95 (x) −0.7 .95 6.5

+8.00 6.7

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Aurora 5800 173 •••

174

• • • •••


Figure B-13 Jitter transfer (DS1)

Environmental Performance

Temperature Performance

Direction B, Code: 2CF8

Long-Term Error Performance

Receiver input level is set at the nominal − 40 dBm at room temperature. Both transmitter and receiver achieved error-free performance over temperature cycling for 0oC to +50oC for continuous 8-hour testing.

Power Consumption Measurement

Input: 110 VACPower consumed: 21 watts

Temperature(°C)

Tx Power(dBm)

Rx Threshold(dBm)

0 19.2 −91

25 19.0 −90

50 18.7 −88.5


Appendix C

• • • • • • Typical Radio Performance Results for E1


See Appendix A for RF filter response graphs.

Transmitter RF Test

Transmit RF Spectrum

Figure C-1 Transmit RF spectrum for E1

Aurora 5800 175

• • • •••

176

• • • •••

Receiver Tests

Test Setup

Figure C-2 Receiver test setup




40 to 130 dB

Radio 1Variable

AttenuatorRadio 2

BERT BERT

Appendix C Typical Radio Performance Results for E1


Code used: 05B8Requirement: Input threshold at BER 10-6 ≤ −87 dBmResults: Both directions use same spread sequence.

Table C-1 Receiver sensitivity


Test Conditions

Direction A code: 05B8Direction B code: 05B8


Direction A

See Table C-2 and Table C-3 for the results of this test for Direction A.

DirectionRx Input (dBm)

At

A

−90 BER = 10-6

−94 BER = 10-3

−96 Sync loss

−95 Re-acquisition

B

−89 BER = 10-6

−93 BER = 10-3

−96 Sync loss


Aurora 5800 177

• • • •••

178

• • • •••

Table C-2 Direction A, minimum phase

Table C-3 Direction A, non-minimum phase

DFM = 62.17 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 70.26 dB for BER = 10-3

See Figure C-3 for the W curve at BER = 10-6, and Figure C-4 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

40 at 135.7 MHz

136 24.0 40 at 135.1 MHz

138 29.3 33.1 > 40 > 40

140 33.4 36.4 > 40 > 40

142 27.1 32.0 > 40 > 40

144 30.0 40 at 142.7 MHz

40 at 144.4 MHz

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

40 at 135.9 MHz

136 39.0

138 34.7 > 40 > 40.0 > 40.0

140 > 40 > 40 > 40.0 > 40.0

142 28.0 34 > 40.0 > 40.0

144 40 40 at 142.6 MHz


Figure C-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A

Figure C-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A

Aurora 5800 179

• • • •••

180

• • • •••

Direction B

See Table C-4 and Table C-5 for the results of this test for Direction B.

Table C-4 Direction B, minimum phase

Table C-5 Direction B, non-minimum phase

DFM = 66.91 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 71.05 dB for BER = 10-3

See Figure C-5 for the W curve at BER = 10-6 and Figure C-6 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

40 at 135.9 MHz

136 39.0

138 34.7 > 40 > 40.0 > 40.0

140 > 40 > 40 > 40.0 > 40.0

142 28.0 34 > 40.0 > 40.0

144 40 40 at 142.6 MHz

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

136 40 at 136.2 MHz

138 39.1 > 40 > 40 > 40

140 > 40 > 40 > 40 > 40

142 33.3 > 40 > 40 > 40

144 40 at 143.6 MHz


Figure C-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B

Figure C-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B

Aurora 5800 181

• • • •••

182

• • • •••

Dynamic Fading


Table C-6 Sweep notch depth range for ultimate error-free region (elapse time: 0.1 sec)


Table C-7 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec)

Flat Fading




Notch Frequency

(MHz)



MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

135.0 0 to 40 0 to 40 0 to 40 0 to 40

140.0 0 to 33 0 to 40 0 to 32 0 to 40

145.0 0 to 40 0 to 40 0 to 40 0 to 40

Notch Frequency

(MHz)



MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

115 to 165 23.0 27.0 28.0 32.0



The effect of an interfering signal into a digital radio receiver is characterized by a 1 dB degradation in the BER = 1 × 10-6 (static) and 1 × 10-3 (outage) thresholds. The standard for this characteristic is the threshold-to-interference (T/I) ratio, as defined in EIA/TIA Document TSB-10-F. [5]




Figure C-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset

Aurora 5800 183

• • • •••

184

• • • •••

Figure C-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset


Figure C-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 05B8)


Figure C-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 05B8, Direction B: 0247)

Figure C-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset

Aurora 5800 185

• • • •••

186

• • • •••

Jitter Performance


HDB3 input ports were tested according to ITU-T Rec. G.823, Table 2 (215 −1 pseudorandom test signal used).

Table C-8 Test results, input jitter tolerance

The input jitter tolerance complies with Figure 3/G.823 and Table 2/G.823 requirements.

Output Jitter

The output jitter complies with Figure 4/G.823 and Table 3/G.921 (same pseudorandom test signal used as in preceding test). The output jitter in the absence of input jitter frequency in the range f0 to f4, is less than 0.1 UIp-p; Table 3/G.921 allows for 0.2 UIp-p.

Jitter Gain

The jitter gain in the frequency range, f0 to f4, is far below (worst case, − 4 dB) the limit of 3 dB specified in Section 1.3.2.3/G.921.

Test Frequency

Jitter Frequency(Hz)

Tolerable Input Jitter(UIp-p)

G.823 Lower Limit(UIp-p)

f0 1.2 ×10-5 > 40 36.9

f1 20 10 1.5

f2 2.4 k 10 1.5

f3 18 k 3.6 0.2

f4 100 k 0.7 0.2


Jitter Transfer Characteristic

Table C-9 shows that test results exceeded the standards of Figure 4/G.823 and AT&T 62411.

Table C-9 Test results, jitter transfer characteristic





Test Frequency


Jitter Attenuation(dB)

AT&T 62411 Upper Limit

(dB)

f0 1.2 × 10-5 4.0 0

f5 20 28.0 0

f6 2 k 45.0 40

> 2 k > 45.0 40

Temperature(°C)

Tx Power(dBm)

Rx Threshold(dBm)

0 19.2 −91

25 19.0 −89

50 18.7 −88.5

Aurora 5800 187

• • • •••

188

• • • •••




Appendix D

• • • • • • Typical Radio Performance Results for 2T1



Transmitter RF Test

Transmit RF Spectrum (FCC Part 15.247)

Figure D-1 Transmit RF spectrum for 2T1

Aurora 5800 189

• • • •••

190

• • • •••

Receiver Tests

Test Setup

Figure D-2 Receiver test setup




40 to 130 dB

Radio 1Variable

AttenuatorRadio 2

BERT BERT

Appendix D Typical Radio Performance Results for 2T1


Code used: 05B8Requirement: Input threshold at BER 10-6 ≤ −85 dBmResults: Both directions use same spread sequence.

Table D-1 Receiver sensitivity


Test Conditions




At

A

−90 BER = 10-6

−95 Sync loss


B

−89 BER = 10-6

−94 Sync loss


Aurora 5800 191

• • • •••

192

• • • •••

Direction A

See Table D-2 and Table D-3 for the results of this test for Direction A.

Table D-2 Direction A, minimum phase

Table D-3 Direction A, non-minimum phase

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

134 40.0

136 28.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

138 25.5 > 40 > 40 > 40

140 29.5 > 40 > 40 > 40

142 29.5 > 40 > 40 > 40

144 31.5 > 40 > 40 > 40

146 40 at 144.5 MHz

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

134 > 40

136 > 40 > 40 > 40 > 40

138 > 40 > 40 > 40 > 40

140 > 40 > 40 > 40 > 40

142 34.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

144 30.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

146 40 at 144.8 MHz


DFM = 61.68 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 74.54 dB for BER = 10-3

See Figure D-3 for the W curve at BER = 10-6, and Figure D-4 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Figure D-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A

Figure D-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A

20

25

30

35

40

45

-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

Frequency Offset (MHz)

No

tch

dep

th (

dB

)

Min-Phase

Non-min Phase

20

25

30

35

40

45

-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8


No

tch

dep

th (

dB

)

Min Phase

Non-min Phase

Aurora 5800 193

• • • •••

194

• • • •••

Direction B

See Table D-4 and Table D-5 for the results of this test for Direction B.

Table D-4 Direction B, minimum phase

Table D-5 Direction B, non-minimum phase

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

134 40 at 134.5 MHz

136 28.5 > 40 > 40 > 40

138 40.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

140 31.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

142 31.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

144 34.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

146 40 at 144.6 MHz

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

134 > 40

136 > 40 > 40 > 40 > 40

138 > 40 > 40 > 40 > 40

140 > 40 > 40 > 40 > 40

142 37.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

144 39.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

146 40 at 144.2 MHz


DFM = 66.27 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 74.54 dB for BER = 10-3

See Figure D-5 for the W curve at BER = 10-6 and Figure D-6 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Figure D-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B

Figure D-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B

20

25

30

35

40

45

-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8


No

tch

dep

th (

dB

)

Min Phase

Non-min Phase

20

25

30

35

40

45

-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8


No

tch

dep

th (

dB

)

Min Phase

Non-min phase

Aurora 5800 195

• • • •••

196

• • • •••

Dynamic Fading


Table D-6 Sweep notch depth range for ultimate error-free region (elapse time: 0.1 sec)


Table D-7 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec)

Flat Fading




Notch Frequency

(MHz)



MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

135.0 28.0 > 40 26.0 > 40

140.0 30.0 > 40 31.0 > 40

145.0 30.0 > 40 > 40 > 40

Notch Frequency

(MHz)



MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

115 to 165 26.0 31.0 24.0 28.0



The effect of an interfering signal into a digital radio receiver is characterized by a 1-dB degradation in the BER = 1 × 10-6 (static) and 1 × 10-3 (outage) thresholds. The standard for this characteristic is the threshold-to-interference (T/I) ratio, as defined in EIA/TIA Document TSB-10-F. [5]



Aurora 5800 197

• • • •••

198

• • • •••


Figure D-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset

Figure D-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset

-60-50

-40-30-20

-100

1020

-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20

Interference Frequency Offset

T/I

(dB

)T/I (dB)

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20


C/I

(dB

)

C/I (dB)



Figure D-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 05B8)

Figure D-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 05B8, Direction B: 3F0C)

Figure D-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Interference Frequency Offset (MHz)

T/I

(dB

)T/I (dB)

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30


T/I

(dB

)

T/I (dB)

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Interference Frequency Offset (MHz)

C/I

(dB

)

C/I (dB)

Aurora 5800 199

• • • •••

200

• • • •••

FCC Part 15, Compliance Processing Gain Performance Test

Test method recommended by FCC 97-114 is the CW Jamming Margin Method.

Test Setup

Test setup is shown in Figure D-12.

Figure D-12 Processing gain test setup


Data rate 2T1 (3.208 Mb/s)

Chip rate 11 chips/bit

Designed processing gain 10.4 dB

HP37701A Communications

Analyzer

Transmitter Variable Attenuator

Variable Attenuator

Comb/Splitter

Comb/Splitter

HP8648C Signal

Generator

HP435B Power Meter

Receiver

Data InData Out


Jamming Margin (J/S Ratio) (for 10-5 BER)

The test was performed in Direction B. Fifty-kHz increments were used in this test; the worst 20% were discarded. See Table D-8.

After the worst 20% (64 points marked with (x)) were discarded, the lowest J/S ratio was −1.2 dB (marked with (**)).

Hence Mj = −1.2 dB.

The S/N ratio for ideal noncoherent receiver is calculated from

Pe = ½ e(-½ (S/N)o ),

where Pe = 10-5.

Hence (S/N)o = 13.3 dB.

The processing gain can be calculated as

Gp = (S/N)o + Mj + Lsys

where Lsys = System Loss.

No more than 2-dB loss is allowed (we assumed 0 dB).

Hence Gp = 13.3 − 1.2 + 0.0 = 12.1 dB, better than the designed coding gain of 10.4 dB and better than the FCC’s minimum requirement of 10 dB.

Aurora 5800 201

• • • •••

202

• • • •••

Table D-8 Jamming margin (J/S ratio) (for 10-5 BER) for 2T1Freq. Offset

(MHz)J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

−10.00 0.4 −8.00 −1.2 −6.00 (x) −1.6 − 4.00 (x) −1.5.05 0.4 .05 −1.1 .05 (x) −1.6 .05 (x) −1.4.10 0.4 .10 −1.2 .10 (x) −1.7 .10 (x) −1.3.15 0.4 .15 (x) −1.3 .15 (x) −1.7 .15 (x) −1.3.20 0.4 .20 (x) −1.7 .20 (x) −1.7 .20 (x) −1.3.25 0.4 .25 (x) −1.5 .25 (x) −1.7 .25 (x) −1.3.30 0.5 .30 (x) −1.6 .30 (x) −1.7 .30 (x) −1.3.35 0.4 .35 (x) −1.7 .35 (x) −1.5 .35 (x) −1.3.40 0.3 .40 (x) −1.8 .40 (x) −1.4 .40 (x) −1.3.45 0.3 .45 (x) −1.7 .45 (x) −1.3 .45 (x) −1.4.50 0.3 .50 (x) −1.7 .50 −1.2 .50 (x) −1.5.55 0.3 .55 (x) −1.8 .55 −1.2 .55 (x) −1.2.60 0.3 .60 (x) −1.8 .60 (x) −1.3 .60 −1.0.65 0.3 .65 (x) −1.8 .65 (x) −1.3 .65 −1.0.70 0.3 .70 (x) −1.8 .70 −1.2 .70 −0.9.75 0.4 .75 (x) −1.6 .75 −1.2 .75 −0.8.80 0.5 .80 (x) −1.5 .80 (x) −1.6 .80 −0.5.85 0.4 .85 (x) −1.5 .85 (x) −1.5 .85 −0.6.90 0.3 .90 (x) −1.4 .90 (x) −1.3 .90 −0.7.95 0.2 .95 (x) −1.4 .95 (x) −1.5 .95 −0.8

−9.00 0.1 −7.00 (x) −1.3 −5.00 (x) −1.6 −3.00 −0.9.05 −0.1 .05 (x) −1.3 .05 (x) −1.6 .05 −0.9.10 −0.1 .10 −1.0 .10 (x) −1.6 .10 −0.9.15 −0.2 .15 −1.1 .15 (x) −1.5 .15 −1.0.20 −0.2 .20 −1.1 .20 (x) −1.6 .20 (x) −1.2.25 −0.1 .25 −1.2 .25 (x) −1.7 .25 (x) −1.2.30 −0.1 .30 (**) −1.2 .30 (x) −1.7 .30 (x) −1.2.35 −0.1 .35 −1.1 .35 (x) −1.6 .35 −1.1.40 0.0 .40 −1.1 .40 (x) −1.6 .40 −1.0.45 −0.1 .45 (x) −1.3 .45 (x) −1.6 .45 −1.0.50 −0.2 .50 (x) −1.4 .50 (x) −1.6 .50 −0.9.55 −0.2 .55 (x) −1.3 .55 (x) −1.7 .55 −0.6.60 −0.3 .60 (x) −1.4 .60 (x) −1.7 .60 −0.3.65 −0.3 .65 (x) −1.6 .65 (x) −1.6 .65 −0.5.70 −0.4 .70 (x) −1.7 .70 (x) −1.7 .70 −0.7.75 −0.4 .75 (x) −1.7 .75 (x) −1.3 .75 −0.4.80 −0.4 .80 (x) −1.7 .80 −0.7 .80 −0.3.85 −0.4 .85 (x) −1.5 .85 (x) −1.6 .85 −0.2.90 −0.6 .90 (x) −1.4 .90 (x) −1.9 .90 −0.1.95 −0.6 .95 (x) −1.5 .95 (x) −1.7 .95 −0.1


• • •

−2.00 −0.1 0.00 1.0 +2.00 1.3 + 4.00 1.5.05 −0.2 .05 0.9 .05 1.3 .05 1.6.10 −0.3 .10 0.9 .10 1.4 .10 1.5.15 −0.2 .15 0.8 .15 1.3 .15 1.4.20 −0.1 .20 0.7 .20 1.3 .20 1.5.25 −0.1 .25 0.9 .25 1.3 .25 1.4.30 −0.1 .30 1.1 .30 1.3 .30 1.3.35 0.0 .35 0.9 .35 1.4 .35 1.3.40 0.1 .40 0.8 .40 1.2 .40 1.2.45 0.0 .45 1.0 .45 1.2 .45 1.2.50 0.0 .50 1.2 .50 1.3 .50 1.1.55 −0.2 .55 1.1 .55 1.1 .55 1.1.60 −0.4 .60 1.0 .60 1.0 .60 1.2.65 −0.4 .65 1.0 .65 1.1 .65 1.2.70 −0.4 .70 1.0 .70 1.2 .70 1.2.75 −0.5 .75 0.9 .75 1.3 .75 1.3.80 −0.7 .80 0.8 .80 1.4 .80 1.4.85 −0.7 .85 0.6 .85 1.2 .85 1.4.90 −0.7 .90 0.4 .90 1.3 .90 1.5.95 −0.4 .95 −0.1 .95 1.4 .95 1.4

−1.00 −0.2 +1.00 −0.2 +3.00 1.5 +5.00 1.3.05 −0.2 .05 −0.1 .05 1.5 .05 1.7.10 −0.1 .10 −0.6 .10 1.5 .10 1.8.15 0.0 .15 0.1 .15 1.5 .15 1.7.20 0.1 .20 0.2 .20 1.6 .20 1.7.25 0.2 .25 0.3 .25 1.7 .25 1.7.30 0.3 .30 0.4 .30 1.6 .30 1.6.35 0.3 .35 0.5 .35 1.5 .35 1.8.40 0.4 .40 0.7 .40 1.6 .40 2.0.45 0.5 .45 0.8 .45 1.6 .45 1.7.50 0.6 .50 1.0 .50 1.6 .50 1.6.55 0.4 .55 1.0 .55 1.7 .55 1.7.60 0.2 .60 1.1 .60 1.8 .60 1.6.65 0.3 .65 0.6 .65 1.7 .65 1.6.70 0.5 .70 0.3 .70 1.8 .70 1.7.75 0.7 .75 0.5 .75 1.6 .75 1.8.80 0.9 .80 1.1 .80 1.7 .80 1.8.85 0.8 .85 1.1 .85 1.7 .85 1.7.90 0.7 .90 1.1 .90 1.8 .90 1.8.95 0.8 .95 1.2 .95 1.7 .95 1.8

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Aurora 5800 203 •••

204

• • • •••

+6.00 1.8 +7.00 3.2 +8.00 3.8 +9.00 6.7.05 1.8 .05 3.1 .05 4.1 .05 6.8.10 1.8 .10 3.0 .10 4.6 .10 7.1.15 2.0 .15 3.0 .15 5.2 .15 7.2.20 2.1 .20 3.0 .20 6.0 .20 7.4.25 2.0 .25 3.1 .25 6.0 .25 7.4.30 1.9 .30 3.1 .30 5.2 .30 7.3.35 1.9 .35 2.8 .35 5.3 .35 7.7.40 1.9 .40 2.5 .40 5.5 .40 7.9.45 2.2 .45 2.6 .45 5.6 .45 8.0.50 2.6 .50 2.8 .50 5.7 .50 6.9.55 2.5 .55 2.5 .55 5.7 .55 8.2.60 2.5 .60 2.2 .60 5.8 .60 8.0.65 2.7 .65 2.4 .65 5.8 .65 8.1.70 3.0 .70 2.5 .70 5.9 .70 8.2.75 2.9 .75 3.0 .75 6.0 .75 8.8.80 2.7 .80 3.3 .80 6.2 .80 9.2.85 2.7 .85 3.3 .85 6.4 .85 9.2.90 2.8 .90 3.2 .90 6.6 .90 9.2.95 2.9 .95 3.5 .95 6.6 .95 9.8

+10.00 10.2

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)

Freq. Offset(MHz)

J/S(dB)



Figure D-13 Jitter transfer (DS1)



Direction B, Code: 05B8



Temperature(°C)

Tx Power(dBm)

Rx Threshold(dBm)

0 19.2 −90

25 19.0 −89

50 18.7 −87.5

Aurora 5800 205

• • • •••

206

• • • •••




Appendix E

• • • • • • Typical Radio Performance Results for 2E1



Transmitter RF Test

Transmit RF Spectrum

Figure E-1 Transmit RF spectrum

Aurora 5800 207

• • • •••

208

• • • •••

Receiver Tests

Test Setup

Figure E-2 Receiver test setup


Code used: 05B8Requirement:Input threshold at BER 10-6 ≤ −85 dBmResults: Both directions use same spread sequence.




40 to 130 dB

Radio 1Variable

AttenuatorRadio 2

BERT BERT

Appendix E Typical Radio Performance Results for 2E1

Table E-1 Receiver sensitivity


Test Conditions



Direction A

See Table E-2 and Table E-3 for the results of this test for Direction A.


At

A

−88 BER = 10-6

−93 Sync loss


B

−87 BER = 10-6

−93 Sync loss


Aurora 5800 209

• • • •••

210

• • • •••

Table E-2 Direction A, minimum phase

Table E-3 Direction A, non-minimum phase

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

132 40 at 132.4 MHz

134 32.8 > 40

136 28.5 33.0 > 40 > 40

138 25.0 29.0 > 40 > 40

140 26.0 30.0 > 40 > 40

142 23.7 32.0 > 40 > 40

144 20.5 > 40 > 40 > 40

146 20.4

148 30.0

40 at 149.5 MHz

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

132 > 40

134 > 40

136 > 40 > 40

138 > 40 > 40

140 > 40 > 40

142 22.2 > 40

144 19.4 > 40

146 18.0

148 22.0

40 at 149 MHz


DFM = 51.6 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 63.01 dB for BER = 10-3

See Figure E-3 for the W curve at BER = 10-6, and Figure E-4 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Figure E-3 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction A

Figure E-4 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction A

Aurora 5800 211

• • • •••

212

• • • •••

Direction B

See Table E-4 and Table E-5 for the results of this test for Direction B.

Table E-4 Direction B, minimum phase

Table E-5 Direction B, non-minimum phase

DFM = 67.34 dB for BER = 10-6

DFM = 76.3 dB for BER = 10-3

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

136 > 40

138 > 40 > 40

140 > 40 > 40

142 33 > 40

144 36

146 > 40

Notch Frequency

(MHz)

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-6 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at 10-3 BER

Notch Depth(dB)

at Sync Loss

Notch Depth(dB)

at Re-acquisition

136 > 40

138 > 40 > 40

140 > 40 > 40

142 39 > 40

144 25

146 > 40


See Figure E-5 for the W curve at BER = 10-6 and Figure E-6 for the W curve at BER = 10-3.

Figure E-5 W Curve at BER = 10-6, Direction B

Figure E-6 W Curve at BER = 10-3, Direction B

Aurora 5800 213

• • • •••

214

• • • •••

Dynamic Fading


Table E-6 Sweep notch depth range for ultimate error-free region (elapse time: 0.1 sec)


Table E-7 Checking for error notch depth region, elapse time: 0.1 sec (equivalent to sweep speed 600 MHz/sec)

Flat Fading




Notch Frequency

(MHz)



MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

135.0 0 to 31 0 to > 40 0 to 24 0 to > 40

140.0 0 to 27 0 to > 40 0 to 29 0 to > 40

145.0 0 to 18 0 to 18 0 to 31 0 to 25

Notch Frequency

(MHz)



MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

MinimumPhase

Non-minimum Phase

115 to 165 19.0 19.0 22.0 24.0



The effect of an interfering signal into a digital radio receiver is characterized by a 1-dB degradation in the BER = 1 × 10 -6 (static) and 1 × 10-3 (outage) thresholds. The standard for this characteristic is the threshold-to-interference (T/I) ratio, as defined in EIA/TIA Document TSB-10-F. [Ref 5]



See Figure E-7 to Figure E-11.

Aurora 5800 215

• • • •••

216

• • • •••


Figure E-7 T/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset

Figure E-8 C/I versus narrowband interference frequency offset



Figure E-9 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Directions A and B, same code, 05B8)

Figure E-10 T/I versus wideband interference frequency offset (Direction A: 05B8, Direction B: 0247)

Aurora 5800 217

• • • •••

218

• • • •••

Figure E-11 C/I versus wideband interference frequency offset


Jitter Performance


HDB3 input ports were tested according to ITU-T Rec. G.823, Table 2 (215 -1 pseudorandom test signal used).

Table E-8 Test results, input jitter tolerance

The input jitter tolerance complies with Figure 3/G.823 and Table 2/G.823 requirements.

Output Jitter

The output jitter complies with Figure 4/G.823 and Table 3/G.921 (same pseudorandom test signal used as in preceding test). The output jitter in the absence of input jitter frequency in the range f0 to f4, is less than 0.1 UIp-p; Table 3/G.921 allows for 0.2 UIp-p.

Jitter Gain

The jitter gain in the frequency range, f0 to f4, is far below (worst case, − 4 dB) the limit of 3 dB specified in Section 1.3.2.3/G.921.

Test Frequency


Tolerable Input Jitter(UIp-p)

G.823 Lower Limit(UIp-p)

f0 1.2 ×10-5 > 40 36.9

f1 20 10 1.5

f2 2.4 k 10 1.5

f3 18 k 3.6 0.2

f4 100 k 0.7 0.2

Aurora 5800 219

• • • •••

220

• • • •••

Jitter Transfer Characteristic

Table E-9 shows that test results exceeded the standards of Figure 4/G.823 and AT&T 62411.

Table E-9 Test results, jitter transfer characteristic





Test Frequency


Jitter Attenuation(dB)

AT&T 62411 Upper Limit

(dB)

f0 1.2 × 10-5 4.0 0

f5 20 28.0 0

f6 2 k 45.0 40

> 2 k > 45.0 40

Temperature(°C)

Tx Power(dBm)

Rx Threshold(dBm)

0 19.2 −89

25 19.0 −88

50 18.7 −87.5


Appendix F

• • • • • • Forms

Service Registration Form

Rapid Request for Return Material Authorization (RMA)

Aurora 5800 221

• • • •••

222

• • • •••


Appendix F Forms

Harris Microwave Communications DivisionService Registration Form

To facilitate warranty support and to receive product update information, please complete and return this form to our customer service department.

By fax: 514-421-3555

By e-mail:[email protected]

By mail: Harris CorporationMicrowave Communications Division3 Hotel de VilleDollard-des-Ormeaux, QuebecCANADA H9B 3G4

Attention: Customer Resource Center

The Customer Resource Center is available on the internet at http://www.microwave.harris.com/cservice/.

Please print:

Company Name: _____________________________________

Requester’s Name: ___________________________________

Title________________________________________________ Dept. _____________________________

AddressCity ________________________________________________ State/Province _____________________

ZIP/Postal Code _____________________________________ Country __________________________

Telephone Number ___________________________________ Fax Number _______________________

E-mail______________________________________________

Original Sales Order/PO Number_______________________

(Sales order number is found in your documentation and on the equipment rack base plate.)

Harris Microwave Communications DivisionRapid Request for Return Material Authorization (RMA)

Service Locations:

5727 Farinon Drive or 3, Hotel de Ville, Dollard-des-OrmeauxSan Antonio, TX 78249, USA Quebec, CANADA H9B 3G4

Tel: 1-800-227-8332 or 1-800-465-4654, (+1) 514-421-8333Fax: (+1) 514-421-3555

The Customer Resource Center is available on the internet at http://www.microwave.harris.com/cservice/.

Company Name: _____________________________ Phone: ______________________________________

Requester’s Name: __________________________ Fax: _________________________________________

Billing Address ______________________________ Shipping Address

_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________

Service Requested: [ ] Repair [ ] Exchange

Requested Repair Urgency: [ ] Standard [ ] Expedite

Warranty Status: [ ] IN-WARR (Provide Sales Order No.) _______________________________

[ ] NON-WARR (Provide Purchase Order No.) _________________________

Requested Mode of Shipment: [ ] Standard Service [ ] 2nd Day Air [ ] Overnight

NOTE: IN-WARRANTY UNITS are returned via STANDARD SERVICE only. Please provide COURIER ACCOUNT

NUMBER if faster delivery is required._____________________________________________________________

SD Number and Options Part Description Problem/Service Required_________________________ _____________________________ ________________________________

_________________________ _____________________________ ________________________________

_________________________ _____________________________ ________________________________

_________________________ _____________________________ ________________________________

_________________________ _____________________________ ________________________________

Special Instructions

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Please do not write below this space

Date Form Received:_____________________ Rec by: _________________________ Your RMA # is: ________

Repair/Exchange Price: Item 1_______________________ Item 4 _______________________

Item 2_______________________ Item 5 _______________________

Item 3_______________________ Item 6 _______________________

• • • • • • Glossary

AC

Alternating Current.

ACU

Antenna Coupling Unit.

A/D

Analog to Digital.

ADPCM

Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation.

AGC

Automatic Gain Control; automatic gain adjustment of a varying input signal level to produce a constant output signal level.

AIS

Alarm Indication Signal.

ALC

Automatic Level Control.

Aurora 5800 227

• • • •••

228

• • • •••

AMI

Alternate Mark Inversion.

ANSI

American National Standards Institute.

antenna feed system

A system that transports signals from the output terminal of the transmitter to the antenna or to the antenna radiator. It usually consists of the transmitter-antenna feed connector, the antenna feed, and the antenna mechanical structure, such as a tower, mast, and radiator support, and does not include the antenna or the radiator and reflector, if any.

B8ZS

Bipolar with Eight Zero Substitution.

baseband

A frequency band occupied by a modulating information signal.

Bellcore

Bell Communications Research, Inc. (source of telephony standards in the U.S.A.).

BER

Bit Error Ratio.

BERT

Bit Error Ratio Tester.

BPF

BandPass Filter.

Glossary

BSC

Base Station Controller.

BW

BandWidth.

CAN

Controller Area Network, an interface standard (ISO 11898) for interconnecting microcontrollers.

CEPT

Conference Européen des Administrations des Postes et des Télécommunications.

C/I

Carrier-to-Interference (ratio).

CIT

Craft Interface Tool software.

CW

Continuous Wave.

DC

Direct Current.

demux

demultiplexer.

DFM

Dispersive Fade Margin.

Aurora 5800 229

• • • •••

230

• • • •••

DIP

Dual In-line Package (switch).

directivity

The distribution in space of the energy radiated by an antenna.

DMM

Digital MultiMeter.

DQPSK

Differential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying.

DSSS

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum.

D-subminiature connectors

The size of the D-subminiature connector is specified by the standard shell size and the number of connectors. For example, a 15-pin connector is referred to as a DA-15. See the following table.

DTE

Data Terminal Equipment.

Standard Shell Size No. of Connectors

E 9

A 15

B 25

C 37

D 50

Glossary

EEPROM

Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory.

EIA

Electronic Industries Association.

EIRP

Effective Isotropic Radiated Power.

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute.

FarScan

Harris’ network management system software.

FCC

Federal Communications Commission (U.S.).

FM

Fade Margin; Frequency Modulation.

FPA

Flat-Panel Antenna.

FPGA

Field-Programmable Gate Array.

hop

The span between a transmitter and a receiver.

Aurora 5800 231

• • • •••

232

• • • •••

IF

Intermediate Frequency; frequency below the radio frequency.

IM

Instruction Manual.

ISM

Industrial, Scientific, and Medical.

ISO

International Organization for Standardization.

ITU

International Telecommunication Union.

J/S

Jamming-to-Signal (ratio).

LAN

Local Area Network.

LED

Light-Emitting Diode.

LNA

Low-Noise Amplifier.

LO

Local Oscillator.

Glossary

LOS

Loss Of input data Signal (T1/E1 into Aurora transmit modulator).

MCD

Microwave Communications Division, formerly Farinon Division.

MCLK

Master Clock.

MCU

MicroController Unit.

MMIC

Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit.

MSC

Mobile Switch Center.

MTBF

Mean Time Between Failures.

mux

multiplexer.

NC

Normally Closed.

NCO

Numerically Controlled Oscillator.

Aurora 5800 233

• • • •••

234

• • • •••

NMS

Network Management System.

NO

Normally Open.

NRZ

NonReturn to Zero (coding).

OEM

Original Equipment Manufacturer.

PA

Power Amplifier.

PCB

Printed Circuit Board.

PCN

Personal Communications Network.

PCS

Personal Communications Service.

PLL

Phase-Locked Loop.

PN

Pseudo-random Number.

Glossary

QAM

Quadrature Amplitude Modulation.

QPSK

Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying.

RBER

Residual Bit Error Ratio.

RF

Radio Frequency.

RMA

Return Material Authorization.

RMS

Rack-Mounting Space.

ROM

Read-Only Memory.

RSL

Received Signal Level.

RSSI

Receive Signal Strength Indicator.

RX

Receiver.

Aurora 5800 235

• • • •••

236

• • • •••

SAW

Surface Acoustic Wave.

SCAN

System Control And Alarm Network. Harris’ proprietary standard for sending alarm/status/control messages over a serial port.

SD

Schematic Drawing.

SESR

Severe Errored-Second Ratio.

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol.

SPSC

Spare Products Support Center.

TCM

Trellis-Coded Modulation.

TCXO

Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator.

T/I

Threshold-to Interference (ratio).

TIA

Telecommunication Industries Association.

Glossary

TX

Transmitter.

VCO

Voltage-Controlled Oscillator.

VGA

Variable Gain Amplifier.

WAN

Wide Area Network.

XO

Crystal Oscillator.

Aurora 5800 237

• • • •••

238

• • • •••


Glossary

• • • • • • References

1. Docherty, “Why Microwave Makes Sense for Short Haul Transport in Cities”, 5/96, Harris Technical Doc. No. 117.

2. R. U. Laine and A. R. Lunan, “Digital Microwave Link Engineering–Performance Definitions and Objectives”, ENTELEC ’94, San Antonio, TX, 3/94. Harris Technical Doc. No. 215.

3. R. U. Laine, “Aurora 5800 Multipath Reliability and Distance Charts”, 6/99, Harris Technical Doc. No. 220.

4. StarLink2 personal computer program for the Windows operating system, available free of charge from Harris Corporation. See www.microwave.harris.com/starlink, Internet page for download.

5. TIA/EIA Telecommunications Systems Bulletin TSB-10-F, “Interference Criteria for Microwave Systems”, Washington, DC, 5/95.

6. R. U. Laine, “Aurora 2400 and Aurora 5800 Point-to-Point DSSS Digital Radio Links Applications Note”, 11/01, Harris Technical Doc. No. 183.

Aurora 5800 239

• • • •••

240

• • • •••


References

• • • • • •Index

Numerics

10Base-T 27, 38, 41, 64, 101interface 59not available 128pinout specifications 33specifications 69status 109

A

AC connector 31

AC power connector 31

AC supply 72

accessingConfiguration Mode 120

acquisition time 54, 60

Addr button 122, 126

addresschanging Master 112e-mail 26target equipment button 122to order spare parts 138World Wide Web 26

Address, Set Equipment, dialog box 126

address, Targetchanging 112definition 112

adjusting 103direction of antenna 103frequency 123spread sequence 124

ADPCM codec 41

advantageeconomic 74technical 74

AGC amplifier 38, 40

AIS alarm 109

alarm and status levels 109

alarm circuit 127

alarm port 30, 70pinout specification 34

ALC range 49

alignment, antenna 103

altitude 72

amplifier, AGC 38, 40

antenna 27, 85, 103alignment 103cable selection 92circularly polarized 91connector 31cross-polarized 77dual-polarized 77flat-panel 90, 91grounding 99installation 99

Aurora 5800 241 • • • •••

242 • • • •••

nonpressurized 90parabolic 27, 82, 91performance 90selection criteria 90semiparabolic 90shrouded 79, 86single-polarized 78site selection 88small 84square 83standard for Aurora 5800 90suitable 82tower-mounted 85

Antenna Coupling Unit 49

Antenna Diplexer 38, 50

antenna feed system 78assistance in selecting 86

antenna height 88

antenna kit 99

antenna problem 130

antenna relocation 74

antenna with a smaller beam width 74

antenna/diplexerfrequency spacing 63specifications 63

antennascost savings 87opposite sides of buildings 79, 83selection and placement 77vertically separated 87

antennas with T1 or E1 span line switches 87

attenuator 101

Aurora 5800 27back view 31block diagram 51front view 29

Aurora 5800 dialog box 107, 108

Aurora 5800 software icon 108, 110

automatic change to far-end radio frequency 123

automatic change, spread sequence code of the far-end radio 124

azimuth 82, 85

B

backside interference 78

bandwidth, double 127

baseband processor 40, 41

baseband signals 53

battery 31

baud rate 40, 111, 113, 118factory-set 113

baud rate, radiochanging 114

bench test 101

BER performance margin 41

BER performance testhop 104

BERT 102, 133

bit rate 40COM Port 112, 115

block diagram 49Aurora 5800 51Down Converter 50Modem 39Power Amplifier 49Upconverter 49

blocking arrangement 83

BNC connectors 33

BNC-to-BNC cable 102, 104, 133

built-in diagnostics 71

business hours, Technical Assistance Center 25

buttonAddr 122, 126Channel 1 122Configuration 107, 108Connect/Disconnect 107, 108

Index

exit 108Help 108Rx Frequency 122Rx Sequence Code 122target equipment address 122Tx Frequency 122Tx Power 122Tx Sequence Code 122

C

C/I calculation 82, 84

cabinet, outdoor 72

cableBNC-to-BNC 102, 104, 133coaxial 92straightforward 118

cable connector 92

cable selection, antenna 92

cable, coaxial, connection 130

cable, interface, FarScan 136

calculationC/I 82, 84fade margin 98height increment 96, 97path distance 94path-loss 97RSL 98

calculation, path-loss 94

CAN microcontroller 38, 41

carrier-to-interference ratio 78

caveat 73

C-band 63

cellular mobile service 27

Change Mode dialog box 121

Change Password dialog box 121

change, automatic, spread sequence code of the far-end radio 124

change, automatic, to far-end radio

frequency 123

changingEquipment Address 126Master address 112password 121radio baud rate 114radio parity 114Target address 112

Channel 1 button 122

Channel 2 disabled 127

channel assignments2T1/E1 paths 84short 1T1/E1 paths 85

Channel settings dialog box 126

Channel Settings options 126

chip rate 40, 41, 61

circuit breaker 31

circularly polarized antennas 91

CIT 28, 41, 70, 127configuring 113interface 59loopback control 128password 122pinout 35

CIT Configuration dialog box 114

CIT port 30, 38, 40, 136saving new settings 116setting new parameters 114

CIT Port, AURORA5800 dialog box 107

coaxial cable 33, 92connection 130

coaxial feeders, foam 90

co-channelinterference 55, 76, 78, 79links 55

codes, preset spread sequence 124

coexistence with other radio links 54

COM Portconfiguring 112

COM port 118

Aurora 5800 243 • • • •••

244 • • • •••

changing the settings 115

COMM Portconnection 117

COMM port 136

conditions and warranties 143

configurationdefault 41new 41

Configuration button 107, 108, 111

Configuration dialog box 111, 115

Configuration Mode 105, 120accessing 120dialog box 122exiting 127features 120

configuration parameters, default, displayed 117

Connect/Disconnect button 107, 108

connectingCOM Port 117

Connection not detected 118

connectorAC power 31cable 92DC power 31loopback 102, 104, 133

connectors, front-panel 32

copper services, leased 75

copper wire 31

copper wire services 87

copper-based transport system 74

cross-polarization between links 79

cross-polarization of hops 78

Customer Service Center locations 24

customer-service label 32

customs clearance information 140

D

DA-15 36

damages, limitation of 143

data capacity 64

DATA port 40pinouts 36

data signaling rate 40

data wayside traffic 59

DC connector 31

DC power connector 31

DC supply 72

defaultconfiguration 105password 121, 122

default configuration 41

default configuration parameters, displayed 117

demodulator, I/Q 38, 40, 53

deployment, urban areas 73

depth range, sweep notch2E1 214

diagnostics, built-in 71

dialog boxAurora 5800 106Change Mode 121Change Password 121Channel settings 126CIT Configuration 114Configuration Mode 122main 107, 108PC Configuration 115Set Equipment Address 126Set Frequency 123Set Sequence 124Tx Power Settings 125

direct sequence spread spectrum 28, 38, 53, 59

directivity 90

disabling a channel 127

Index

dispersive fade margin 60, 872E1 2092T1 191T1 160test, E1 177

displayeddefault configuration parameters 117maximum Tx power 117

diversity protection 87

double bandwidth 127

Down Converter 38, 49block diagram 50nominal frequency 50

DQPSK 40, 59

DSSS link, higher outage objective 87

dynamic fading2E1 2142T1 196E1 182T1 165

E

E1connectors 33jitter 68line code 67pulse shape 67specifications 67

economic advantage 74

EEPROM 41

EIRP 94

e-mail address 26

enable channel option 127

enablingchannel 127channel loopback 127double bandwidth 127

environmental specifications 72

environmental test

2E1 2202T1 205E1 187T1 174

equation 97C/I 82, 84fade margin 98height increment 96, 97path-loss 94RSL 98

Equipment Address, changing 126

error parameter value 119

error performance, long-term2E1 2202T1 205E1 187T1 174

errored-second performance 76

evaluation fee 139

exit button 108

external proxy agent 59

F

fade margin 76, 82, 84

fade margin calculation 98

fade margin, dispersive2E1 2092T1 191E1 177T1 160

fade margins 55

fading, dynamic2T1 196E1 182

fading, flat2T1 196

FarScan 27, 71, 127functions 135hardware interface 135

Aurora 5800 245 • • • •••

246 • • • •••

interface cable 136manual 28manual commands 136requirements 135

fax numberCustomer Service Center 25ordering spares 138repair service 141technical support 26

FCC rule, antenna gain 90

FCC, Part 15 73

featuresConfiguration Mode 120

fee, evaluation 139

fiber optic transport system 74

firmwareIssue 2, Version 3 111Issue 2, Version 4 113

flat fading2E1 2142T1 196E1 182T1 166

flat-panel antennas 91

FM analog radio links 87

foam coaxial feeders 90

forgotten password 122

formRMA 225Service Registration 223

formulaheight increment 96, 97path-loss 94, 97RSL 98

four-foot 85

frequencyadjusting 123automatic change to far-end radio 123plan 60plan, Aurora 5800 54

frequency pairs 76

frequency separation 58

frequency spacing, antenna/diplexer 63

Frequency, Set, dialog box 123

frequency, sweep notch2E1 214

frequency-channel plans 59

Fresnel zone 97

fuse 31, 72

G

gain 90

gain, jitter2E1 219E1 186

glossary 227

green LED 70, 109, 129, 130

ground wire 31

ground, test jack 30

grounding kits 99

grounding, antenna 99

guideinstallation 28troubleshooting 28

guideline 129

H

handset, telephone 40

height increment calculation 96, 97

Help button 108

hop, Model 1 and Model 2 in 128

hot-standby protection 91

hubbing examples 83

hubbing links 76

hubbing network 79

Index

humidity 72

hybrid couplers 78

I

I/Q demodulator 38, 40, 53

I/Q modulator 38, 40

iconAurora 5800 108, 110phone 110

IEC standard 100

input jitter2E1 219E1 68, 186T1 66

input power connector 31

input voltage 72

installationantenna 99guide 28

installing the software 106

interference 73, 76backside 78mitigating 74mitigation 79narrowband

2E1 216overshoot 78wideband

2E1 217

interference levels 55

interference mechanisms 78

interference performance2E1 2152T1 197E1 183T1 166

interference problem 132

interference, narrowband2T1 198

E1 183T1 167

interference, wideband2T1 199E1 184T1 168

Internet address, Harris Corporation 26

Internet service 27

ISM band, 2400 MHz 90

ISM devices 74

ISM frequency band 27, 59

isolation, antenna diplexer 50

isotropic 90

J

jamming margin2T1 201T1 171

jitterE1 68T1 65

jitter gain2E1 219E1 186

jitter performance test2E1 219E1 186

jitter transfer characteristic2E1 220E1 187

jitter transfer function2T1 205E1 69T1 66, 174

jumper settingsModel 2 47

Aurora 5800 247 • • • •••

248 • • • •••

L

labelback 32customer-service 32technical-information 32

LAN/WAN 27

leased copper services 75

leased-line services 74

LEDdriver 130green 109PWR 129, 130red 109RX ALM 129, 130TX ALM 129, 130

LED indicators 70, 71

liability, Harris’ 143

liability, misuse of radio 73

licensing requirement 73

lightning hazard 100

limitation of damages 143

limitations, Model 1 and Model 2 in a hop 128

line codeE1 67T1 64

line of sight 88

Link LEDoff 131

link performance 79, 87improving 74

link reliability 88

links, paralleled 91

LO signal 49

local loop subscriber facility 75

local target, enabling 112

locationsrepair service 141

long-term error performance

2E1 220E1 187T1 174, 205

long-term outage 75

loopback connector 102, 104, 133

loopback enabled symbol 122

loopback testbench 101hop 104, 133

LOS alarm 109, 131

loss of traffic 119

Low-Noise Amplifier 38, 49

M

mailing address, spare parts 138

main dialog box 107, 108

manual commandsFarScan 136

manuals, Aurora 5800 28

Master addresschanging 112definition 112

master clock 38

maximum Tx power, displayed 117

mean time between failures 60

mechanical specifications 72

Message box 107, 108

Microwave Communications Division 86

mitigation of interference 79

Model 1 radiolimitations 128output power 125remote address 128target addrress 128

Model 2 radiolimitations 128target address 128

Index

modem 38, 49block diagram 39DIP switch settings, Model 1 44DIP switch settings, Model 2 47jumper settings, Model 2 47settings, Model 1 42strap installation 46

modulation scheme, digital microwave radio 53

modulator, I/Q 38, 40

module exchange 139

MTBF 60

multihop network 78

multihopping links 76

multimeter 103

multipath fade outage, reduction of 87

multipath outage 74

N

narrowband interference2E1 2162T1 198E1 183T1 167

NE address 136

NEC standard 100

network management systems channel 27

network planning 76, 77

nominal frequencyDown Converter 50Upconverter 50

normal operation, Aurora 5800 129

NRZ data 38

N-type connector 31, 90, 125right-angle 92

numbeerserial 31

number

product code 25, 31, 140purchase order 140sales order 140serial 25

number, faxordering spares 138repair service 141technical support 26

number, telephonerepair service 141service center 25technical support 25

O

OEM itemsrepair charges 139turnaround time 139

OFFHOOK state 40

ONHOOK state 40

ordering spare parts 138

outage, long-term 75

outdoor cabinet 72

outdoor installation 28

output jitter2E1 219E1 68, 186T1 65

output powerlow 130RF 99

overshoot interference 78

P

parabolic antenna 27, 82, 91

paralleled links 91

parallel-path arrangement 77

parameter value, error 119

Aurora 5800 249 • • • •••

250 • • • •••

parameters, default configuration, displayed 117

parity 111, 113, 118factory-set 113

parity, PC 115

parity, radiochanging 114

part numbersoftware 110

passwordchanging 121CIT 122Configuration Mode 121default 121, 122forgotten 122

path analysis 96

path clearance 87

path distance calculation 94

path errors 132

path-loss 97

path-loss calculation 94, 97

PC parity 115

PCS/PCN system 27

phase-locked loop 41

phone icon 110

phone jack pinout 37

PHONE port 70

placement of antennas 77

PN code 61

PN correlator 41

PN spread sequence code 40, 55, 76adjusting 124

point-to-multipoint link installation 74

point-to-point configuration 28, 56, 59

point-to-point link installaation 74

point-to-point microwave link 87

point-to-point path analysis 96

point-to-point radio links 73, 74

polarization 91

ports 70

power adjust 73

Power Amplifier 38, 49

power connectorAC 31DC 31

power consumption 722T1 206E1 188T1 174

power LED 30

power meter 125

Power Settings, Tx, dialog box 125

power source 130

power specifications 72

Power Supply 38

power switch 29, 130

power, RF output 99

precaution, deployment 74

pre-installation procedure 129

preset spread sequence codes 124

processing gain performance test2T1 200T1 170

product code number 24, 25, 31, 140

product support 137

product warranty terms, standard 142

programmability 70

protection planning 87

proxy agent, external 59

pseudo-random number 55

publications 28

pulse shapeE1 67T1 64

purchase order number 140

PWR LED 129, 130

Index

Q

QPSK 53, 87

quadrature modulation scheme 53

quitting, Aurora 5800 program 119

R

rack-mounting space 28, 72, 102

radio horizon 88

radius of curvature 88

Rapid Request for Return Material Authorization form 225

RBER 74, 75

received signal level calculation 98

received signal level, low 130

receiver sensitivity2E1 2082T1 191E1 177T1 159

receiver specifications 62

receiver sync alarm, LED 30

receiver test setup2E1 2082T1 190E1 176T1 158

receiver threshold 59, 62

reconfiguring using software program 41

red LED 70, 109, 129, 130

references 239

reflective terrain 88

refractivity 88

regulatory approval not required 74

reinitializing Aurora 5800 equipment 119

related Aurora 5800 documents 28

relay contacts, solid-state 34, 70

reliability standards 75

remote addressModel 1 radio 128Model 2 radio 128

repairturnaround time 138

repair and return 24, 138

repair servicefax number 141locations 141telephone numbers 141

repeater configuration 28, 57, 59

repeater site 79

repeaters 78

replaceable parts 23

replacement radio 139

response time-out 118

return freight 140

return loss, antenna diplexer 50

return material authorization 140

Return Material Authorization form 225

RF filter response graphs2T1/2E1 diplexers 152T1/E1 diplexers 146

RF output power 59, 99

RF spectrum, transmit2E1 2072T1 189

RF test, transmitter2E1 2072T1 189

RING generator 40

ringers, recommendation 37

RJ-11 pinout 37

RJ-45 connector 32

RJ-48C 64, 67

RJ-48C pinout 32

RS-232 30, 34, 40, 41, 70, 71, 117

Aurora 5800 251 • • • •••

252 • • • •••

specification 36

RSL calculation 98

RSL, low 130

RSSItest jack 30, 71voltage 129voltage level 130voltage table 103

running the software 106

RX ALM LED 129, 130

Rx Frequency button 122

RX Low Noise Amplifier 38

Rx Sequence Code button 122

S

safety requirementsantenna main beam 90

sales invoice and documents 137

sales order number 140

SCAN channel 27

sensitivity, receiver2E1 2082T1 191E1 177T1 159

sequence code, automatic change 124

sequence codes, preset 124

sequence, spread, adjusting 124

serial number 25, 31

Service Registration form 223

Set Equipment Address dialog box, Equipment Address, Set, dialog box 126

Set Frequency dialog box 123

Set Sequence dialog box 124

settings, Channel, dialog box 126

Settings, Tx Power, dialog box 125

shipping time 139

short 1 T1/E1 paths channel assignments 85

signal-to-noise performance 90

site selection 87

SNMP manager 27

SNMP network management 59

software part number 110

software utility 38how to install 106monitor the built-in alarms and status

indicators 105program 105

software, running 106

solid-state relays 34, 70

space, rack-mounting 28, 72, 102

spare parts ordering 138

Spare Products Support Center 138

spread sequence code 40

spread sequence code, automatic change 124

spread sequence codes 55adjusting 124

spread sequence codes, preset 124

spread-spectrum signals 87

square antenna 83

standard product warranty terms 142

StarLink2 computer program 88

storage temperature 72

straightforward cable 118

strap installation, Model 2 46

supplier itemsrepair charges 139turnaround time 139

support, product 137

sweep notch

Index

depth range2E1 2142T1 196E1 182T1 165

frequency2E1 2142T1 196E1 182T1 165

symbol, loopback enabled 122

SYNC alarm 109

synthesizer, transmit 49

system configuration 41

system gain 60

T

T1jitter 65pulse shape 64specifications 64

T1/E1 interface 32

T1/E1 paths, short 85

TAC 25

Target addressautomatic setting 112changing 112definition 112

target addressModel 1 radio 128Model 2 radio 128

Target equipment address button 122

technical advantage 74

Technical Assistance Center 25World Wide Web address 138

technical specifications 59

Technical Support 25

technical-information label 32

telephone handset 40

telephone networks 75

telephone numberrepair service 141service center 25technical support 25

temperature test2E1 2202T1 205E1 187T1 174

temporary link, Aurora 5800 87

test jacks 71

throughput rate 69

timeshipping 139turnaround, for repair 138

time-out, response 118

traffic, loss of 119

traffic, passiing 127

transmission delay 60

transmit RF spectrum2E1 2072T1 189E1 175T1 157

transmit synthesizer 49

transmitter poweradjusting 125threshold level 109

transmitter power alarm 109LED 30

transmitter power display 125

transmitter RF test2E1 2072T1 189E1 175T1 157

transmitter specifications 61

troubleshooting 129

Aurora 5800 253 • • • •••

254 • • • •••

Aurora 5800 118guide 28

turnaround time for repair 138

TX ALM LED 129, 130

Tx Frequency button 122

TX Power Amplifier 38

Tx Power button 122

Tx Power Settings dialog box 125

Tx power, maximum, displayed 117

Tx Sequence Code button 122

U

unlicensed links 74

unrepairable units 139

Upconverter 49block diagram 49nominal frequency 50

utility program 105

V

variable gain amplifier 49

vendor itemsrepair charges 139turnaround time 139

Voice indicator 108

voice orderwire 40, 59

voice orderwire channel 40, 41

voice orderwire port 30

voice/data orderwire 27

voltage, input 72

W

warranty 23

warranty terms, stsandard product 142

waveguide transmission line 93

wayside traffic, data 59

wideband interference2E1 2172T1 199E1 184T1 168

wireless access 27

wireline-based system 74

World Wide Web addressTechnical Assistance Center 138

Index

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