Audit News January 2009

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    Snapshot

    Accounting Pronouncements

    Accounting Standard for Local Bodies (ASLB) 3 on

    Revenue from Exchange Transactions

    ASLB 4 on Borrowing Costs

    Auditing Pronouncements

    Revised Standard on Auditing (SA) 250 on

    Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit

    of Financial Statements

    SA 260 on Communication with Those Charged

    with Governance

    SA 570 on Going Concern

    SA 560 on Subsequent Events

    SA 230 on Audit Documentation

    Exposure Draft of Revised SA 210 on Agreeing the

    Terms of Audit Engagement

    Exposure Draft of SA 720 on The Auditors

    Responsibility in Relation to Other Information in

    Documents Containing Audited Financial Statements

    Exposure Draft of Revised SA 320 on Materiality in

    Planning and Performing an Audit

    Exposure Draft of Revised SA 450 on Evaluation of

    Misstatements Identified During the Audit Exposure Draft of Revised SA 610 on Using the

    Work of Internal Auditors

    Standard on Internal Audit (SIA) 8 on Terms of

    Internal Audit Engagement

    SIA 9 on Communication with Management

    SIA 10 on Internal Audit Evidence

    SIA 11 on Consideration of Fraud in an Internal

    Audit

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Enterprise Risk

    Management

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Internal Control Evaluation

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Using The Work Of AnExpert

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Internal Audit in an

    Information Technology Environment

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Knowledge of the Entity

    and its Environment

    Other Pronouncements of ICAI

    Internal Auditor can not be appointed as a Tax

    Auditor

    Technical Guide on Review and Certification of

    Investment Risk Management Systems and Processes

    of Insurance Companies

    Implementation Guide to Risk-based Audit of

    Financial Statements

    Handbook on Foreign Trade Policy and Guide to

    Export and Import

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    Book on Principles and Practice of Life Insurance

    Book on Principles and Practice of General Insurance

    Book on Risk Management and Reinsurance

    Book on Business Strategic Planning and Information

    Technology for Insurance Sector

    Recent Developments

    Peer Review of Audit Work Papers of Listed

    Companies

    Amendments to Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement

    with Stock Exchanges

    Modifications in the Valuation Norms of Debt

    Securities by Mutual Funds

    Classification of Loans to Housing Finance

    Companies (HFCs) as Priority Sector Lending

    Prudential Norms for Off-Balance Sheet Exposure of

    Banks

    Buyback / prepayment of Foreign Currency

    Convertible Bonds (FCCBs)

    US GAAP

    FASB Staff Position (FSP)

    Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No.08-6 on Equity Method Investment Accounting

    Considerations

    EITF Issue No. 08-7 on Accounting for Defensive

    Intangible Assets

    EITF Issue No. 08-8 on Accounting for an Instrument

    (or an Embedded Feature) with a Settlement Amount

    that is based on the Stock of an Entitys Consolidated

    Subsidiary

    Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) releases

    new Financial Reporting Manual

    SEC Issues Interpretation on References to Third-Party

    Experts and Consents

    International Financial Reporting Standards

    Restructured version of International Financial

    Reporting Standard (IFRS) 1

    Reclassification of Financial Assets Amendments to

    IAS 39 and IFRS 7

    IFRIC 17 on Distributions of non-cash assets to

    owners

    Final report of the IASBs Expert Advisory Panel on

    valuing financial instruments when markets are no

    longer active

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    Accounting Pronouncements

    Accounting Standard for Local Bodies (ASLB) 3

    on Revenue from Exchange Transactions

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the July 2008 edition of

    Audit News. The Standard will be mandatory for local

    bodies in a state from the date specified in this regard

    by the concerned State Government.

    Accounting Standard for Local Bodies (ASLB) 4

    on Borrowing Costs

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the July 2008 edition of

    Audit News. The Standard will be mandatory for local

    bodies in a state from the date specified in this regard

    by the concerned State Government.

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    Revised Standard on Auditing (SA) 250 on

    Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an

    Audit of Financial Statements

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the April 2008 edition

    of Audit News. The Exposure Draft was named as

    The Auditors Responsibilities Relating to Laws and

    Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements The

    Standard is effective for audits of financial statements

    for periods beginning on or after 1 April 2009.

    Revised Standard on Auditing (SA) 260 on

    Communication with Those Charged with

    Governance

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the July 2008 edition

    of Audit News. The Standard is effective for audits of

    financial statements for periods beginning on or after

    1 April 2009.

    Revised Standard on Auditing (SA) 570 on Going

    Concern

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the ExposureDraft of which was published in the October 2007

    edition of Audit News. The Standard is effective for

    audits of financial statements for periods beginning on

    or after 1 April 2009.

    Revised Standard on Auditing (SA) 560 on

    Subsequent Events

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the October 2006

    edition of Audit News as Exposure Draft of Revised

    AAS 19. The Standard is effective for audits of financial

    statements for periods beginning on or after 1 April2009.

    Revised Standard on Auditing (SA) 230 on Audit

    Documentation

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard which is

    effective for audits of financial statements for periods

    beginning on or after 1 April 2009. The Standard

    replaces the earlier Auditing and Assurance Standard

    (AAS) 3 on Documentation.

    The Standard deals with the auditors responsibility to

    prepare audit documentation for an audit of financial

    statements. It does not limit the specific documentation

    requirements contained in other Standards or required

    by any laws and regulations.

    The Standard defines the following terms:

    Audit Documentation - It is a record of the audit

    procedures performed, relevant audit evidence obtained

    and conclusions reached.

    Audit File - It comprises of one or more folders or other

    storage media, in physical or electronic form containing

    the records that comprise the audit documentation for a

    specific engagement.

    Experienced Auditor - He is an individual (whether

    internal or external to the firm) who has practical audit

    experience, and reasonable understanding of:

    Audit processes;

    Standards on Auditing and applicable legal and

    regulatory requirements;

    Business environment in which the entity operates;

    and

    Auditing and financial reporting issues relevant to theentitys industry.

    The Standard identifies the following purposes of audit

    documentation:

    Evidence of the auditors basis for a conclusion

    reached about the achievement of the overall audit

    objective and planning and performance of the audit

    in accordance with the Standards on Auditing and

    the applicable legal and regulatory requirements.

    Assisting the engagement team in planning and

    performing the audit.

    Facilitating the supervision and review of the audit

    work.

    Enabling the engagement team to be accountable

    for its work.

    Retaining a record of matters of continuing

    significance to future audits.

    Enabling the conduct of quality control reviews

    and external inspections in accordance with the

    applicable legal, regulatory and other requirements.

    Auditing Pronouncements

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    The Standard provides detailed guidance in respect of

    the following matters:

    Timely preparation of audit documentation.

    Form, content and extent of documentation.

    Documentation where there are departures from a

    relevant requirement.

    Documentation of matters arising after the date of

    the audit report.

    The auditor should assemble the audit documentation

    in an audit file and complete the assembling of final

    audit file on a timely basis which is recommended to be

    within 60 days of the date of the auditors report. Once

    the final file is assembled, the auditor should not delete

    or discard audit documentation of any nature before the

    end of its retention period which is recommended to be

    not shorter than ten years from the date of the auditors

    report, or, if later, the date of the group auditors report.

    Exposure Draft of Revised SA 210 on Agreeingthe Terms of Audit Engagement

    The Exposure Draft of the SA deals with the auditors

    responsibilities in agreeing the terms of the audit

    engagement with the entity and also to respond to a

    request by the entity to change the terms of an audit

    engagement.

    The salient features of the Exposure Draft are as follows:

    An auditor should accept an audit engagement only

    when the preconditions for an audit and the common

    understanding between him and the client exist.

    An auditor should not accept engagements where

    the management or those charged with governance

    imposes limitations on the scope of the engagement

    that leads to a disclaimer of opinion by the auditor,

    unless required by law.

    The auditor should discuss with the Management

    and those charged with governance when there is

    a conflict between the financial reporting standards

    and the additional requirements of the applicable

    laws and regulations and provide effect of the same

    in the audit opinion.

    In case of recurring audits, the auditor should look

    at various factors before deciding whether a revised

    letter of engagement needs to be issued.

    The SA provides detailed guidance on the Financial

    and General Reporting Framework and its

    acceptability that the auditor should consider while

    accepting the audit engagement.

    Exposure Draft of SA 720 on The Auditors

    Responsibility in Relation to Other Information

    in Documents Containing Audited Financial

    Statements

    The Exposure Draft of the SA deals with the auditors

    responsibilities in relation to the other information in

    documents containing audited financial statements and

    the auditors report thereon.

    The salient features of the Exposure Draft are as follows:

    Other Information for the purpose of this SA is

    defined as financial and non- financial information

    (other than the financial statements and auditors

    report thereon) which is included either by law,

    regulation or custom, in a document containing

    audited financial statements and the auditors report

    thereon.

    The auditor is not required to give his opinion on the

    other information or to determine whether or not

    other information is properly stated unless there is a

    specific requirement.

    The auditor should read the other information to

    identify material inconsistencies and assess whether,

    as a result thereof, the financial statements or other

    information needs to be revised.

    If material inconsistencies are identified prior to

    the date of the audit report which requires revisionof the financial statements and the Management

    refuses to make the revisions, the auditor should

    modify his opinion. If the revision of the other

    information is necessary, and the revision is

    refused by the management, the auditor should

    communicate the matter to those charged with

    governance and also provide paragraph in auditors

    report on other matter or withdraw from the

    engagement.

    If any material inconsistencies are identified

    subsequent to the date of the audit report, and

    revision of audited financial statements is necessary,

    the auditor should perform the procedures as

    provided in SA 560 on Subsequent Events.

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    The other information should be obtained prior

    to the date of the auditors report or as soon as

    practicable.

    Exposure Draft of Revised SA 320 on Materiality

    in Planning and Performing an Audit

    The Exposure Draft of the SA deals with the auditors

    responsibility to apply the concept of materiality

    in planning and performing an audit of financial

    statements. The Standard defines Performance

    Materiality as the amount or amounts set by the auditor

    at less than materiality for the financial statements as

    a whole to reduce to an appropriately low level the

    probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and

    undetected misstatements exceeds materiality for the

    financial statements as a whole.

    The key changes envisaged in the Exposure Draft are as

    follows:

    The auditor should determine the materiality for the

    financial statements as a whole and also for one

    or more particular classes of transactions, account

    balances or disclosures after considering the risksof material misstatement, in specific circumstances.

    The materiality should be revised if circumstances so

    warrant.

    The above aspects should be adequately and

    appropriately documented.

    Exposure Draft of Revised SA 450 on Evaluation

    of Misstatements Identified During the Audit

    The Exposure Draft of SA deals with the auditors

    responsibilities to evaluate the effect of identified

    misstatements on the audit and of uncorrectedmisstatements, if any, on the financial statements.

    The salient features of the Exposure Draft are as follows:

    The auditor should accumulate misstatements

    identified during the audit, other than those that are

    clearly trivial and evaluate the nature thereof.

    The auditor should consider the impact of the

    identified misstatements as the audit progresses to

    determine whether the overall audit strategy and

    audit plan needs to be revised.

    The auditor should communicate all misstatements

    on a timely basis to the appropriate level of

    management, request the management to correct

    the same and in case management refuses for the

    correction, obtain understanding of managements

    reasons for not making corrections.

    The auditor shall evaluate the effect of uncorrected

    misstatements and determine whether the materiality

    needs to be revised.

    The auditor should request a written representation

    from the management and where appropriate, those

    charged with governance whether they believe the

    effects of uncorrected misstatements are immaterial,

    individually and in the aggregate, to the financial

    statements as a whole and a summary thereof

    should be attached to the representation.

    The auditor should document the amount below

    which misstatements would be clearly regarded

    as trivial, all misstatements identified during the

    audit and whether they have been corrected

    and a conclusion as to whether the uncorrected

    misstatements are material, individually or in

    aggregate, and the basis for that conclusion.

    Exposure Draft of Revised SA 610 on Using the

    Work of Internal Auditors

    The Exposure Draft of SA deals with the external auditors

    responsibilities regarding the work of internal auditors

    when the external auditor has determined that the

    internal audit function is likely to be relevant to the audit.

    The Exposure Draft deals with the following matters:

    Determining whether and to what extent to use the

    work of the Internal Auditors.

    Using specific work of the Internal Auditors

    Documentation of the conclusions and the audit

    procedures performed.

    Standard on Internal Audit (SIA) 8 on Terms of

    Internal Audit Engagement

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the October

    2008 edition of Audit News. The Standard is

    recommendatory in nature.

    Standard on Internal Audit (SIA) 9 on

    Communication with Management

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the October

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    2008 edition of Audit News. The Standard is

    recommendatory in nature.

    Standard on Internal Audit (SIA) 10 on Internal

    Audit Evidence

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the October

    2008 edition of Audit News. The Standard is

    recommendatory in nature.

    Standard on Internal Audit (SIA) 11 on

    Consideration of Fraud in an Internal Audit

    The ICAI has issued the above Standard, the Exposure

    Draft of which was published in the October

    2008 edition of Audit News. The Standard is

    recommendatory in nature.

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Enterprise Risk

    Management

    The purpose of the SIA is to establish standards

    and provide guidance for review of an entitys risk

    management initiatives during an internal audit or such

    other review exercise with the objective of providing anassurance thereon.

    The nature of the internal audits responsibilities should

    be adequately documented and approved by those

    charged with governance. The internal auditor should not

    manage any of the risks on behalf of the management

    or take risk management decisions. The internal

    auditor should not assume any accountability for risk

    management decisions taken by the management. The

    internal auditor should review the structure, effectiveness

    and maturity of an enterprise risk management system

    and ensure that a risk management policy setting outRoles and responsibilities and framing a Risk management

    activity calendar has been framed. The internal

    auditor should also review whether the enterprise risk

    management coordinators in the entity report on the

    results of the assessment of key risks at the appropriate

    levels viz. Risk Management Committee, Enterprise

    Business and Unit Heads and Audit Committee.

    The internal audit plan should be approved by the audit

    committee and should be based on the risk assessment

    as well as on issues highlighted by the audit committee

    and the senior management.

    The internal auditor should submit his report to the

    Committee of the Board delineating the information on

    Assurance rating, Test conducted, Samples covered and

    Detailed assurance comments.

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Internal Control

    Evaluation

    The purpose of the SIA is to establish standards and

    provide guidance on the procedures to be followed by

    the internal auditor in evaluating the system of internal

    control in an entity and for communicating weaknesses

    therein to those charged with governance.

    The internal auditor should examine and contribute to

    the ongoing effectiveness of the internal control system

    through evaluation and recommendations.

    The internal auditor should obtain an understanding of

    the significant processes and internal control systems

    sufficient to plan the engagement and develop an

    effective audit approach. He should also understand and

    document the design and operations of internal control

    to evaluate the effectiveness of the control environment.

    The following aspects need to be considered whilstevaluating the internal control system in an entity:

    Ascertaining whether the entity has a mission

    statement and written goals and objectives.

    Assessing risks at the entity and the process level.

    Completing a Business Controls Worksheet for

    each significant process / activity in each function/

    department with documentation of the associated

    controls and their degree of effectiveness and also

    identifying the control gaps.

    The Internal auditor should ensure that in general

    adequate segregation of duties exists and in case of a

    small department size he should ensure that a detailed

    supervisory review of related activities is in practice, as a

    compensating control activ ity.

    While evaluating the information technology controls in

    a system-driven environment, the internal auditor should

    determine whether the entity uses tools that protect

    confidential or sensitive information from unauthorized

    individuals, back-up and restore facility, virus protection

    software and passwords that restrict user access to

    networks, data and applications.

    The internal auditor should evaluate whether the

    internal controls are designed and operating as

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    contemplated in the preliminary assessment of control risk

    and whether same were in use throughout the period.

    He should identify internal control weaknesses that

    have not been corrected and make recommendations

    to correct the same. He should also document the

    rational in deciding which audit recommendations

    should be followed up on and when, in contrast with

    recommendations where no follow-up is needed.

    The internal auditor, in his report to the management,

    should provide a description of the significant deficiency

    or material weakness in internal control and his opinion

    on the possible effect of such weakness on the entitys

    control environment.

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Using The Work Of An

    Expert

    The purpose of the SIA is to establish standards and

    guidelines in cases where the internal auditor uses the

    work performed by an expert.

    An internal auditor should obtain technical assistanceand advice from experts if the internal audit team does

    not possess the necessary knowledge, skills, experience

    or expertise needed to perform all or part of internal

    audit engagement.

    An expert is defined as a person, firm or association of

    persons possessing special skill, expertise, knowledge

    and experience in a particular field.

    The following are the various aspects which need to be

    considered before an internal auditor decides to use the

    work performed by an expert: The independence of the expert.

    Skills, competence and objectivity of the expert

    The materiality, nature and complexity of the item on

    which advice or assistance is sought.

    Evaluating the work of the expert

    The SIA provides that the internal auditor should not,

    normally, refer to the work of an expert in the internal

    audit report. In case of referring to work of the expert,

    the internal auditor should outline the assumptions,

    broad methodology and conclusion of the expert. The

    Internal Auditor should obtain prior consent of the

    expert in case his identity is disclosed in the report.

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Internal Audit in an

    Information Technology Environment

    The purpose of the SIA is to establish standards on

    procedures to be followed when an internal audit

    is conducted in an information technology (IT)

    environment.

    The internal auditor should evaluate the extent to which

    the IT environment is used to record, compile, process

    and analyse information and study the internal control

    system in existence. He should also consider whether he

    has the necessary skills and competence to work in an

    IT environment or else he should seek the assistance of

    an expert.

    The internal auditor should obtain an understanding of

    the IT environment at the planning stage to determine

    the nature, timing and extent of audit procedures to

    be performed and also evaluate the nature of inherent

    and control risks which are prevalent. He should also

    perform audit procedures based on the review of the

    robustness of the IT environment. The extent of reliance

    which can be placed when the information is processedby an outsourced agency together with the risks

    associated thereon should also be considered.

    The internal auditor should document the internal audit

    plan, the nature, timing and extent of audit procedures

    performed and the conclusions drawn from the

    evidence obtained. He should also satisfy himself that

    evidence in the electronic form is adequately and safely

    stored and is retrievable in its entirety when required.

    Exposure Draft of SIA on Knowledge of the

    Entity and its EnvironmentThe purpose of the SIA is to establish standards and

    guidelines on the knowledge of the entitys business and

    the techniques to be adopted by the internal auditor

    in acquiring such knowledge about the client entity

    and its environment, prior to commencing the audit

    engagement and subsequently thereafter, at all stages

    of the internal audit process.

    The internal auditor whilst performing an internal audit

    should obtain knowledge of the entitys business and

    its operating environment to enable him to review the

    key risks, processes, systems, procedures and controls.

    The standard deals with the information that internal

    auditor should obtain prior to and after acceptance of

    an engagement.

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    In case of FCCBs issued under the automatic route,

    the buyback value should be at a minimum discount

    of 15% of the book value, the funds whereof shall

    be out of the existing foreign currency funds held

    either in India or abroad or out of fresh ECBs raised.

    In case of FCCBs issued under the approval route,

    the buyback value shall be at a minimum discount of

    25% of the book value, the funds whereof shall be

    out of internal accruals as certified by the Statutory

    Auditor and the total amount shall not exceed USD

    50 million per company.

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    guidance because of the significant changes to the

    guidance on business combinations and subsidiary

    equity transactions and the increased use of fair value

    measurements as a result of these Statements.

    The Task Force reached a consensus that:

    An entity should determine the initial carrying value

    of an equity method investment by applying the cost

    accumulation model described in paragraphs D3D7

    of Statement 141(R).

    An entity should use the other-than-temporary

    impairment model of Opinion 18, not some other

    method that disaggregates the investment into the

    individual assets of the investee, when testing equity

    method investments for impairment.

    However, investors should adjust any impairments

    recorded by an investee for existing differences between

    the investors basis and the underlying investees basis

    in such impaired assets. Share issuances by the investee

    should be accounted for as if the equity method investorhad sold a proportionate share of its investment (i.e.,

    any gain or loss is recognized in earnings).

    When an investment is no longer within the scope of

    equity method accounting and instead is within the

    scope of cost method accounting or Statement 115,

    the investor should prospectively apply the provisions

    of Opinion 18 or Statement 115 and use the current

    carrying amount of the investment as its initial cost.

    To coincide with the effective dates of Statements

    141(R) and 160, the consensus is effective fortransactions occurring in fiscal years, and interim periods

    within those fiscal years, beginning on or after

    15 December 2008. Early adoption is not permitted.

    EITF Issue No. 08-7 on Accounting for Defensive

    Intangible Assets

    The Task Force reached a consensus that

    an acquired defensive asset should be accounted

    for as a separate unit of accounting (i.e., an asset

    separate from other assets of the acquirer);

    an acquired research and development asset is

    outside this Issues scope and should be accounted

    for pursuant to paragraph 16 of Statement 142;

    the useful life assigned to an acquired defensive asset

    should be based on the period during which the

    asset would diminish in value; and

    it would be rare for an entity to conclude that a

    defensive asset has an indefinite life.

    The Issue includes examples illustrating how to

    determine the assets amortization period.

    To coincide with the effective date of Statement 141(R),

    the consensus is effective for defensive intangible assets

    acquired in fiscal years beginning on or after

    15 December 2008.

    EITF Issue No. 08-8 on Accounting for an

    Instrument (or an Embedded Feature) with a

    Settlement Amount that is based on the Stock of

    an Entitys Consolidated Subsidiary

    Reporting entities that enter into freestanding financial

    instruments (or instruments that

    contain embedded features) for which the payoff to the

    counterparty is indexed to thestock of a consolidated subsidiary.

    The Task Force reached a consensus that freestanding

    financial instruments or embedded features) that

    are indexed to, in whole or in part, the stock of a

    consolidated subsidiary are considered indexed to

    the entitys own stock in the consolidated financial

    statements if the requirements of Issue 07-5 are met

    and the subsidiary is a substantive entity.

    This Issue requires that any subsidiary referenced in

    the freestanding instrument (or embedded feature) besubstantive to ensure that entities cannot receive equity

    classification for a financial instrument referenced to

    a subsidiary that has no business purpose (e.g., the

    subsidiary was formed to hold a derivative instrument or

    a commodity).

    The Task Force also reached a consensus that an equity-

    classified instrument (including

    an embedded feature that is separately recorded

    in equity) within the scope of this Issue should be

    presented as a component of non controlling interest

    in the consolidated financial statements in a manner

    consistent with the conclusions in Statement 160.

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    However, if an equity-classified instrument within the

    scope of this Issue is entered into by the parent and

    expires without being exercised, the carrying amount of

    the instrument at expiration would be reclassified from

    non controlling interest to controlling interest.

    To coincide with the effective date of Statement 160,

    the consensus is effective for fiscal years, and interim

    periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after

    15 December 2008. At transition, the carrying value

    of the instrument (or separated embedded feature)

    previously classified as a liability will be reclassified to

    non controlling interest. Early adoption is not permitted.

    Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

    releases new Financial Reporting Manual

    The SECs Division of Corporation Finance released

    its updated Financial Reporting Manual. The new

    manual supersedes the Division of Corporation

    Finances Accounting Disclosure Rules and Practices:

    An Overview (also known as the SEC Staff Training

    Manual), which had not been updated since 2000. The

    Financial Reporting Manual provides helpful insight intohow the SEC staff applies SEC rules and regulations to

    topics such as SEC registrants and acquired businesses

    financial statements, pro forma financial statements,

    MD&A, and non-GAAP measures.

    SEC Issues Interpretation on References to Third-

    Party Experts and Consents

    The SECs Division of Corporation Finance issued

    several new and revised Compliance and Disclosure

    Interpretations (C&DIs) on Securities Act sections. The

    following are two notable new questions from the

    C&DIs:

    Question 141.01, which indicates that a registration

    statement that describes or includes an investment

    bankers fairness opinion must also include the bankers

    consent to being named in the registration statement.

    Question 141.02, which addresses whether a registrant

    that chooses to refer to a third-party expert must name

    the third party and obtain the third partys consent.

    It also distinguishes between statements of the

    registrant, which do not require a consent, and

    statements attributed to a third-party expert, which

    would require a consent.

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    Restructured version of International Financial

    Reporting Standard (IFRS) 1

    The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)

    has released a restructured version of IFRS 1 on First-

    time Adoption of International Financial Reporting

    Standards. IFRS 1 was first issued in June 2003, and

    since then it has been amended frequently. As a result,

    the Standard has become more complex and less clear.

    In 2007, therefore, the Board proposed, as part of its

    annual improvements project, to change IFRS 1 to make

    it easier for the reader to understand and to design it to

    better accommodate future changes. This new version

    of IFRS 1 retains the substance of the previous version,

    but within a changed structure. It replaces the previous

    version and is effective for entities applying IFRSs for the

    first time for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July

    2009. Earlier application is permitted.

    Reclassification of Financial Assets

    Amendments to IAS 39 and IFRS 7

    The IASB has issued amendments to International

    Accounting Standard (IAS) 39 on Financial

    Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and IFRS7 on Financial Instruments: Disclosures that permit

    reclassification of some financial assets out of the fair

    value through profit or loss-category and out of the

    available-for-sale-category as defined in IAS 39. The

    amendments introduce into IFRSs the same possibility

    of reclassifications that is already permitted under US

    GAAP in certain circumstances. Reclassifications made

    under the amendment require additional disclosures in

    accordance with IFRS 7.

    The amendments are effective on 1 July 2008. Any

    reclassification made on or after 1 November 2008 takeseffect from the date of reclassification. However, any

    reclassification before 1 November 2008 can take effect

    from 1 July 2008 or a subsequent date. A reclassification

    cannot be applied retrospectively before 1 July 2008.

    IFRIC 17 on Distributions of non-cash assets to

    owners

    The International Financial Reporting Interpretations

    Committee (IFRIC) has issued IFRIC 17 on Distributions

    of Non-cash Assets to Owners. IFRIC 17 aims to provide

    accounting guidance when a distribution to owners is

    not in cash. The interpretation clarifies:

    a dividend payable should be recognised when the

    dividend is appropriately authorised and is no longer

    at the discretion of the entity.

    an entity should measure the liability for the dividend

    payable at the fair value of the net assets to be

    distributed.

    an entity should recognise the difference between

    the dividend paid and the carrying amount of the net

    assets distributed in profit or loss when the dividend

    is distributed.

    an entity should provide additional disclosures about

    the net assets being held for distribution to owners

    when the entity is committed to distribute them.

    The scope section clarifies that only pro-rata

    distributions in non-common control situations are

    within the scope of the IFRIC 17. IFRIC 17 is applicable

    prospectively for annual periods beginning on or after

    1 July 2009 with earlier application permitted.

    Final report of the IASBs Expert Advisory Panel

    on valuing financial instruments when markets

    are no longer active

    The IASB has published educational guidance on the

    application of fair value measurement when markets

    become inactive. The report is a summary of seven

    meetings held by the IASBs Expert Advisory Panel.

    While not mandatory, the document aims to provide

    useful information and educational guidance about the

    processes used and judgements made when measuring

    and disclosing fair value.

    International Financial

    Reporting Standards

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