Aturan Iso

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Dosen : Teuku Arriessa Sukhairi,

S.T

ATURAN ISO



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GARIS



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Standar ISO 128:1982 memberikan 10 tipegaris yang didefinisikan dari A sampai K (Tanpa ada I)

Tipe – tipe garisnya adalah “tebal”, “tipis”,”Lurus”, ”bergelombang”, zigzag”,‘bersambungan”, “putus – putus”, putus –putus titik’, “putus – putus dua titik”

Garis yang tebal dua kali ketebalannyadibandingkan dengan garis yang lebih tipis.



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Figure 2.1 Engineering drawing line types Ato K (ISO 128:1982)



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No Garis Tebal (mm) Garis Tipis (mm) Jarak Garis Minimal (mm)

1. 1.4 0.70 – 1.00 4.2

2. 1,0 0.50 – 0.70 3.0

3. 0.7 0.35 – 0.50 2.1

4.* 0.5 0.25 – 0.35 1.5

5. 0.30 – 0.35 0.18 – 0.25 0.9

6. 1.80 – 0.25 0.10 – 0.15 0.5

Note : * Ukuran Garis Yang Sering Digunakan



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ISO type 'A' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris TebalBersambung(lurus maupun

lengkung)

A1.Garis nyatabenda,A2.Garis tepi


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Figure 2.2 ISO 128 engineering drawing linetype 21'



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ISO type ‘B' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris TipisBersambung (lurusmaupun lengkung)

B1. garis perpotongankhayalB2. Garis UkurB3. GarisProyeksi/BantuB4. Garis PenunjukB5. Garis Arsir,,B6. Garis Nyata daripenampang yangdiputar ditempatB7. Garis sumbuPendek,



4/21/12Figure 2.3 ISO 128 engineering drawing~ ' '



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ISO type ‘C' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris TipisBergelombang,Bersambung

C1. Garis batas daripotongan sebagianatau bagian yangdipotong, bila

batasnya bukan garisbergores tipis



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Figure 2.4 ISO 128 engineeringdrawing line type 'C'



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ISO type ‘D' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris Tipis Zig – ZagBersambung

D1. samadengan C1



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Figure 2.5 ISO 128 engineeringdrawing line type 'D'



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ISO type ‘E' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris Putus Tebal Garis benda yang

menunjukkanPerlakuan khususyang diijinkan

dipermukaan. Sebagaicontoh: PerlakuanPanas



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Figure 2.6 ISO 128 engineeringdrawing line type 'E'



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ISO type ‘F' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris Putus Tipis F1.Garis nyata

Terhalang,F2.Garis tepi

Terhalang



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Figure 2.7 ISO 128 engineering drawing

line type 'F'



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ISO type ‘G' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris Putus Titik Tipis G1. Garis sumbu,

G2. Garis simetris,G3. Garis lintasanuntuk benda bergerak.



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Figure 2.7 ISO 128 engineering drawingline type 'G'



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ISO type ‘H' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris Putus TitikUjungnya Dipertebal

H1. Garis (bidang

Potong)



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line type ‘H'



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ISO type ‘J' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris Putus Titik Tebal Garis Yang Menjadi

Indikasi Dari Area Yang Dibatasi.Sebagai Contoh:menghitung area, atauperlakuan panas



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line type ‘J'



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ISO type ‘K' lines

Jenis Garis Nama Garis PenggunaanGaris Putus TitikGanda Tipis

K1.Menunjukkanbagian yangberdampingan,K2.Batas kedudukanbenda bergerak,K3.Garis sistem profil,K4.Garis semulasebelum bendadibentuk,K5.Bagian benda yangberada didepanbidang potong



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Figure 2.10 ISO 128 engineering

drawing line type ‘J'



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Tipe – Tipe Dari Garis

Center Lines

Dimension Lines

Leaders

Break Lines

Phantom Lines

Sectioning Lines

Extension Lines

Hidden Lines

Outlines or Visible Lines



4/21/12Gambar 2.11: Line



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Figure 2.12 Line Conventions



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Center Lines (Tipe GarisG1)Center lines haruslah terdiri dari tanda

panjang dan pendek secara bergantian dandiberikan spasi, dengan tanda yangpanjang pada masing – masing ujungnya.

Centerlines harus memotong tanpakekosongan

Proporsi dari centerlines:

Garis yang panjang 15mm – 20mm

Garis yang pendek 2mm

Spasi diantaranya 1mm



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Figure 2.12 Alternate Position



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Dimension Lines (TipeGaris B2)Dimension lines akan diakhiri oleh kepala

anak panah pada masing – masingujungnya. Garis tersebut tidak boleh putuskecuali jika dibituhkan space untuk

dimensi.



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Figure 2.13 Example of general dimensioning



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Dua buah garis proyeksi yang manadiperpanjang dari bagian part danmenunjukkan bagian awal dan akhir dariactual dimensions.

Nilai yang ditampilkan adalah panjang atausudut.

Dua terminator untuk mengindikasikan

bagian awal dan akhir dari dimension line.



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Leaders digunakan untuk mengindikasikansuatu part atau porsi terhadap suatuangka, note, atau referensi dan harusmenjadi suatu garis yang tidak putus –

putus dibatasi dengan suatu kepala anakpanah, dot, atau garis bergelombang

Leaders (B4)

Leader

dibatasi Leader dibatasi dengan dot



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Break Lines

Figure 2.14 Break lines



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Phantom lines haruslah mengindikasikanpergantian posisi dari part – part dari itemyang digambarkan, mengulangi detail,

shall be composed of alternating one longand two short dashes, evenly spaced, witha long dash at each end

Phantom Lines

Figure 2.15 repeated detail



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Sectioning lines shall be used to indicatethe exposed surfaces of an object in asectional view. They are generally thin fulllines, but may vary with the kind of

material shown in section.

Sectioning Lines



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Extension lines or projection lines are usedto indicate the extension of a surface or topoint to a location outside the part outline.

They start with a short, visible gap from the

outline of the part and are usuallyperpendicular to their associated dimensionlines.

Extension Lines



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Hidden lines shall consist of short dashes,evenly spaced. These lines are used toshow the hidden features of a part. Theyshall always begin with a dash in contact

with the line from which they begin, exceptwhen such a dash would form acontinuation of a full line. Dashes shalltouch at corners, and arcs shall begin with

dashes on the tangent points

Hidden Lines



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The outline or visible line shall be used forall lines on the drawing representing visiblelines on the object

Outlines or Visible Lines(Tipe garis A)



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Penggabungan dari garis ini sangatlahpenting. Tidak boleh ada gap tempatdimana garis tersebut bertemu

Tidak boleh saling mendahului

Ketika menggabungkan garis lurus dengansumbu, garis haruslah menyambung satusama lainnya.



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The cutting-plane lines shall be used toindicate a plane or planes in which asection is taken. The viewing-plane linesshall be used to indicate the plane or

planes from which a surface or surfaces areviewed.

Cutting-Plane/Viewing-Plane Lines



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Figure 2.16 Simple View



4/21/12Figure 2.16 Complex View



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Arrowhead

PART 2

Th f t f



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There are four types of arrowhead allowed in ISO

The narrow/open (15 )⁰

The wide/open (90 )⁰

The narrow/closed (15 )⁰

And the narrow/solid(15 )⁰

Figure 2.17 The various types of

dimension line terminators



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An alternative to an arrowhead is theoblique stroke. When several dimensionsare to be projected from the same position,the 'origin' indication is used, consisting of

a small circle



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Lettering and Numerals

PART 3



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Readers in the UK and USA should beaware that a full stop or point is no longerrecommended as the decimal marker. TheISO recommended decimal marker is now

the comma. Thus, taking pi as an example, it should

now be written as 3,142 and not 3.142.

Thus, one million should be represented as1 000 000 and not 1,000,000.

The decimal marker



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The three essential requirements of lettering on survey drawings are:

Legibility

UniformitySuitability for microfilming, scanning and

other reproduction methods.

To achieve these requirements, there are

some basic rules to be observed,

Lettering and Numerals



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Figure 2.17 Lettering rules



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Sifat Perbandingan

Ukuran

Tinggi huruf besarh

Tinggi huruf kecilc

h0.7 h

2.5-

3.52.5

53.5

75

107

1410

2014

Jarak antara huruf a Jarak min antar barisb Jarak min antar katae

0.2 h1.4 h0.6 h

0.53.51.5

0.75

2.1

173

1.4104.2

2146

2.8208.4

4281.2

Tebal huruf d

0.1 h 0.25

0.35

0.5 0.7 1 1.4 2

Aturan Iso

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