Attitudes towards domestic violence

Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys- MICS3Analysis and Report Writing Workshop

Panama City, July 12-20, 2006

Rationale

• Refers to domestic violence against women and children

• Refers to type of violence (psychological, physical, sexual), by perpetrator (husband/partner, parents, other persons), by time of occurrence (ever, last years, last 6 months)

• Not a lot of systematic knowledge but enough information to know about its undesirability

• Explicitly included in CEDAW and lately more actively discussed and considered as part of the MDGs and the WFfC documents.

• It is not possible for example to reach the MDGs as long as women’s and children’s are abused

Rationale

• We found to be working under different definitions, measurements and reporting indicators• MICS3 to measure attitudes only• Proportion of women 15-49 indicating the conditions under which her husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating her

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ATTITUDES TOWARD DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DV1. SOMETIMES A HUSBAND IS ANNOYED

OR ANGERED BY THINGS WHICH HIS

WIFE DOES. IN YOUR OPINION, IS A HUSBAND JUSTIFIED IN HITTING OR BEATING HIS WIFE IN THE FOLLOWING

SITUATIONS: DV1A. IF SHE GOES OUT WITH OUT

TELLING HIM? DV1B. IF SHE NEGLECTS THE CHILDREN? DV1C. IF SHE ARGUES WITH HIM? DV1D. IF SHE REFUSES SEX WITH HIM? DV1E. IF SHE BURNS THE FOOD?

Yes No DK Goes out without telling .... 1 2 8 Neglects children ............... 1 2 8 Argues ................................. 1 2 8 Refuses sex........................ 1 2 8 Burns food........................... 1 2 8

Which countries included this module in MICS3?

• 6 out of 7• Belize, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago• Cuba did not• Mongolia?

Indicators

Percentage of women 15-49 years of age that find at least one of the five justifications for a woman’s husband or partner to hit or beat her

– If she goes out without telling him?– If she neglects the children?– If she argues with him?– If she refuses sex with him?– If she burns the food?

Goals World Fit for Children (WFFC)Protecting children against abuse, exploitation and violence and under general protection to

– Encourage all countries to adopt and enforce laws, and improve the implementation of policies and programmes to protect children from all forms of violence, neglect, abuse and exploitation, whether at home, in school or other institutions, in the workplace or in their community

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)The MD declaration calls for the protection of children against abuse, exploitation and violence but no goal, target or indicator is included

SPSS Program Generates basic table: CP.9• Generates the..

– Proportion of women 15-49 years of age that find each one of the five justifications for a woman’s husband or partner to hit or beat her

– Percentage of women 15-49 years of age that find at least one of the five justifications for a woman’s husband or partner to hit or beat her

Table CP.9: Percentage of w omen w ho believe a husband is justified in beating his wife/partner in varioous circumstances, country,year

39.7 29.4 40.6 28.5 28.6 47.7 512

66.1 65.2 76.8 57.6 47.7 82.8 2047

66.4 62.5 69.6 43.2 44.0 76.2 2168

60.2 62.2 64.0 49.1 42.7 69.8 1364

52.4 56.9 56.0 38.4 45.8 69.4 154

53.0 50.8 60.1 38.9 36.7 67.3 1726

66.0 64.2 71.1 51.3 46.4 77.2 4519

76.1 68.4 80.5 52.1 51.0 84.9 155

67.4 64.2 73.3 52.6 46.9 78.2 1052

64.8 61.4 68.3 49.5 43.8 76.0 1146

61.9 60.9 67.6 46.5 42.5 74.4 1128

61.3 59.5 66.5 46.8 43.5 73.5 1073

57.4 56.9 65.5 46.7 42.6 72.0 1010

57.9 57.8 63.6 42.3 40.9 69.2 680

35.0 34.6 43.8 25.1 23.1 51.4 452

74.9 70.9 82.9 62.6 58.0 86.4 103

64.4 62.3 69.7 49.4 45.1 76.1 5689

100.0 100.0 100.0 .0 .0 100.0 2

66.8 68.1 71.5 51.9 46.3 77.7 1179

70.5 67.1 76.8 53.9 48.7 82.1 1174

67.4 64.5 72.6 53.3 48.4 79.2 1260

62.6 61.6 67.8 48.6 44.8 74.5 1318

46.3 42.7 52.9 32.8 31.3 60.2 1315

63.8 63.0 69.6 50.2 45.7 76.0 4488

60.5 54.9 65.4 42.6 38.6 71.7 1595

14.3 18.3 23.4 15.3 9.2 23.4 42

69.4 71.8 80.4 64.6 64.7 89.7 17

47.8 53.8 53.7 41.2 43.2 65.9 100

100.0 100.0 100.0 .0 100.0 100.0 3

62.4 60.5 68.0 47.9 43.7 74.4 6245

R1

R2

R3

R4

R5

Region

Urban

Rural

Area

15-19

20-24

25-29

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

Age

None

Primary

Secondary +

Non-standard curriculum

Woman'seducationlevel

Poorest

Second

Middle

Fourth

Richest

wealthindexquinti les

MT1

MT2

MT3

MT4

Other

Missing

Mothertongue ofhead

Total

When shegoes outwithout

tell ing him

When sheneglects the

children

When sheargues

with him

When sherefuses sex

wth him

When sheburns the

food

For any ofthese

reasons

Numberof women

15-49years of

age

Monitoring Children's Rights Indicator

Methodological issues

• Measurement of practices of violence against women, although possible, raised serious ethical and methodological issues

• Possible via long modules that ultimately compete with other modules of equal importance

• The attitudinal indicator has been found to be highly associated with the prevalence of domestic violence

• It can be used then as proxy for violence and to advocate for the need to change, at the societal level, attitudes that perpetuate its existence

Thanks!